Effect of Prior Microstructures on Cementite Dissolution Behavior During Subcritical Annealing of High Carbon Steels

Xiao‑Yu Zhao,Xian‑Ming Zhao,Chun‑Yu Dong,Yang Yang,Huai‑Bin Han 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

The variation of the morphology and distribution of cementite particles in different prior structures with spheroidizingannealing process has been proceeded in this paper. It is found that the dissolution and coarsening progresses of variousinitial structures in spheroidizing annealing process are quite asynchronous due to the different interlamellar spacing. Thedissolution rate of degenerated pearlite (D-P) with finer interlamellar spacing is faster. The granular cementite in the spheroidizedmicrostructure is fine, uniform and dense. The mean diameter of spherical cementite is refined to 233 nm. However,the initial structure of degenerated pearlite (D-P) is highly sensitive to the austenitization temperature. The cementite iseasy to be coarsened under high austenitizing temperature. The coarsening is accompanied by the gradual increase of theCr content in the cementite, which increases the stability of the cementite. Therefore, the optimal austenitizing temperaturefor degenerated pearlite (D-P) is suggested to be 770 °C.

중국 한족(汉族) 복식에 나타난 수묵화(⽔墨画)의 표현특성에 대한 연구 -<영影>영화 자료 중심으로-

순샤오동 ( Sun Xiao Dong ),한정민 ( Han Jung Min ),강혜승 ( Kang Hae Seung ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

중국은 유구한 역사를 지닌 주로 한족으로 구성된 다민족 국가이며, 한족은 전 세계 범위에서 인수가 가장 많은 민족이다. 영화 <영>은 2018년 중국에서 개봉되었고, 등장인물의 한족 복식이 수묵화의 형식으로 표현되어 중국의 전통문화와 복식의 상관관계를 잘 보여준다. 본 연구의 목적은 영화의 주요 등장인물 5명의 한족 복식을 형태, 색채, 문양을 중심으로 분석하고, 이들 복식에 나타난 수묵화의 표현특성을 분석하는 것이다. 연구 방법은 한족 복식, 중국 수묵화, 그리고 한족 복식에 대한 문헌연구를 하며, 연구 범위는 영화 속 등장인물 총 5명의 복식으로 하여 형태, 색채, 문양이 명확하게 표현된 25점의 이미지를 분석 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영화에 나타난 남자 인물의 복식은 전통 한족 복식과 일치하게 나타났으며, 여자 인물의 복식은 전통 한족 복식과 차이점이 있었다. 주요한 차이점은 여자 복식의 깃에 나타났으며, 영화에서는 전통복식에 없는 V령이 착용되어 여자 인물의 강직한 성격을 부각시켰다. 둘째, 영화의 한족 복식에 나타난 수목화의 표현특성은 추상미, 대조미, 의경의 내적 의미를 도출할 수 있었다. 추상미는 수묵화의 문양에서 나타났으며, 대조미는 색채 표현에서, 그리고 의경의 내적의미는 복식 형태와 문양에서 나타났다. 영화 영에서는 한족 복식의 형태, 색채, 문양을 통해 등장인물 개개인의 성격과 심리를 표현하였음을 알 수 있었으며, 수묵화를 활용한 복식디자인을 통해 중국의 전통미를 부각시켰다. 본 연구는 중국 전통 한족 복식 및 수묵화 특성의 이해를 높이고, 중국 전통문화와 복식 디자인 연구에 대한 참고자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. China has a long history and is composed of multi-ethnic groups dominated by Han nationality. Since the Han nationality is known with the largest population in the world, the traditional culture of China has an important position in world cultures simultaneously. There was a film named < Shadow > released in China, 2018, which received authoritative awards in multiple fields including Visual effect, Fine art, Style design, and others. In this film, the characteristics of Chinese Ink Wash Painting can be seen in the pictures of all the lenses as well as characters’ costumes of Han nationality(Han Fu), that connected Chinese traditional cultures with the concept of Fashion design. Thence, we have analyzed on shape, color, and pattern of the Han Fu of five main characters and further discussed the performance characteristics of Chinese brush panting appearing in these costumes. The results of the analysis were shown below. Firstly, by comparison with historical records, we have found the costumes of male characters consistent with the real Chinese classical Han fu, while the situation of females is different. The main difference was from the collars, the V-collar element which does not exist in traditional female Han Fu was applied boldly in this film, which inspired the audiences to understand the role. Secondly, the performance characteristics of Chinese Ink Wash Painting in Han Fu were concentrated on the beauty of abstract and contrast, further reflect the inner meaning of artistic conception. The beauty of abstract and the inner meaning of artistic conception was shown from the pattern of Chinese Ink Wash Painting, while the situation of the beauty of contrast was from colors. This study will be helpful to understand the Chinese traditional Han Fu and Chinese brush painting through the film, and it may be utilized as sources for the connection between Chinese traditional culture and modern fashion design in the future.

mRNA Expression and Clinical Significance of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1, TYMS and TUBB3 in Postoperative Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Han, Yi,Wang, Xiao-Bin,Xiao, Ning,Liu, Zhi-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Background: To explore mRNA expression and clinical significance of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1, TYMS and TUBB3 genes in tumor tissue of postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Sixty NSCLC patients undergoing radical operation in our hospital from Nov., 2011 to Jun., 2012 were selected. Plasmid standards of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1, TYMS and TUBB3 were established and standard curves were prepared by SYBR fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR analysis. Samples from tumor centers were taken to detect mRNA expression of ERCC1, BRCA1, RRM1, TYMS and TUBB3 genes in cancerous tissue during operation. The total mRNA expression quantities were compared according to different clinical characteristics. Results: The total expression quantities of 5 genotypes from high to low were ERCC1>RRM1>TUBB3>TYMS>BRCA1 in turn. By pairwise comparisons, other differences showed statistical significance (p<0.05 or p<0.01) except for TYMS and TUBB3 (p>0.05); the low expression rates from high to low were ERCC1>TYMS>TUBB3>TUBB3>RRM1>BRCA1 in turn. The expression quantities of BRCA1, RRM1 and TYMS in males, smokers and patients without adenocarcinoma were all significantly higher than that in females, non-smokers and patients with adenocarcinoma, and significant differences were present (p<0.05 or p<0.01). In terms of pathological staging, the expression quantities of BRCA1, RRM1 and TYMS in phases IIa~IIb and IIIa~IIIb had a tendency to be greater than in phases I and IV. Conclusions: Resistance to chemotherapy and sensitivity to targeted therapy differ among patients with NSCLC. Differences in gene expression in different individuals were also revealed. Only according to personalized detection results can individualized therapeutic regimens be worked out, which is a new direction for oncotherapy.

A unique cytoplasmic localization of retinoic acid receptor-gamma and its regulations.

Han, Young-Hoon,Zhou, Hu,Kim, Jin-Hee,Yan, Ting-dong,Lee, Kee-Ho,Wu, Hua,Lin, Feng,Lu, Na,Liu, Jie,Zeng, Jin-zhang,Zhang, Xiao-kun American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.27

<P>Recent evidence suggests that extranuclear action of retinoid receptors is involved in mediating the pleiotropic effects of retinoids. However, whether they reside in the cytoplasm remains elusive. Here, we showed that retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RARgamma) was cytoplasmic in confluent cells, or when cells were released from serum depletion or treated with growth factors. In studying the regulation of RARgamma subcellular localization, we observed that ectopically overexpressed RARgamma was mainly cytoplasmic irrespective of serum concentration and cell density. The cytoplasmic retention of RARgamma was inhibited by ligand retinoic acid (RA). In addition, coexpression of retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRalpha) resulted in nuclear localization of RARgamma through their heterodimerization. Mutagenesis studies revealed that a C-terminal fragment of RXRalpha potently prevents RA-induced RARgamma nuclear localization and transcriptional function. Furthermore, our results showed that the cytoplasmic retention of RARgamma was due to the presence of its unique N-terminal A/B domain, which was subject to regulation by p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation. Deletion or mutation of the N-terminal A/B domain largely impaired its cytoplasmic localization. Together, our data demonstrate that the subcellular localization of RARgamma is regulated by complex interactions among ligand binding, receptor phosphorylation, and receptor dimerizations.</P>

Two New Coumarin Glucosides from the Roots of Angelica apaensis and Their Anti-Platelet Aggregation Activity

Xiao, Wei-Lie,Shen, Yun-Heng,Niu, Xue-Mei,Sun, Han-Dong,Li, Sheng-Hong 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.7

Two new coumarin glucosides, $11-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ thamnosmonin (1) and $12-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranosyl$ gosferol (2), were isolated from the roots of Angelica apaensis. Their structures were elucidated spectroscopically. Both compounds showed weak inhibitory effects on rabbit platelet aggregation induced by PAF, AA and APD.

An Epigenetic Mechanism Underlying Doxorubicin Induced EMT in the Human BGC-823 Gastric Cancer Cell

Han, Rong-Fei,Ji, Xiang,Dong, Xing-Gao,Xiao, Rui-Jing,Liu, Yan-Ping,Xiong, Jie,Zhang, Qiu-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step during embryonic morphogenesis and plays an important role in drug resistance and metastasis in diverse solid tumors. We previously reported that 48 h treatment of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin could induce EMT in human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. However, the long term effects of this transient drug treatment were unknown. In this study we found that after 48 h treatment with $0.1{\mu}g/ml$ doxorubicin, most cells died during next week, while a minor population of cells survived and formed colonies. We propagated the surviving cells in drug free medium and found that these long term cultured drug survival cells (abbreviated as ltDSCs) retained a mesenchymal-like cell morphology, and expressed high levels of EMT-related molecules such as vimentin, twist and ${\beta}$-catenin. The expression of chromatin reprogramming factors, Oct4 and c-myc, were also higher in ltDSCs than parental cells. We further demonstrated that the protein level of p300 was upregulated in ltDSCs, and inhibition of p300 by siRNA suppressed the expression of vimentin. Moreover, the ltDSCs had higher colony forming ability and were more drug resistant when compared to parental cells. Our results suggested that an epigenetic mechanism is involved in the EMT of ltDSCs.

Research Articles : Allometry, Biomass and Productivity of Quercus Forests in Korea: A Literature-based Review

( Xiao Dong Li ),( Myong Jong YI ),( Yow Han Son ),( Guang Ze Jin ),( Kyeong Hak Lee ),( Yeong Mo Son ),( Rae Hyun Kim ) 한국임학회 2010 한국산림과학회지 Vol.99 No.5

Publications with the data on allometric equation, biomass and productivity of major oak forests in Korea were reviewed. Different allometric equations of major oak species showed site- or species-specific dependences. The biomass of major oak forests varied with age, dominant species, and location. Aboveground tree biomass over the different oak species was expressed as a power equation of the stand age. The proportion of tree component (tem, branch and leaf) to total aboveground biomass differed among oak species, however, biomass ranked stem>branch>leaf in general. The leaf biomass allocation over the different oak species was expressed as a power equation of total aboveground biomass while there were no significant patterns of biomass allocation from stem and branch to the aboveground biomass. Tree root biomass continuously increased with the aboveground biomass for the major oak forests. The relationship between the root to shoot ratio and the aboveground tree biomass was expressed by a logarithmic equation for major oak forests in Korea. Thirteen sets of data were used for estimating the net primary production (NPP) and net ecosystem production (NEP) of oak forests. The mean PP and NEP across different oak forests was 10.2 and 1.9 Mg C ha-1 year-1. The results in biomass allocation, NPP and NEP generally make Korean oak forests an important carbon sinks.

Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

Han, Shuo,Zhang, Xiao-Hua,Han, Dong-Hua,Jin, Yi-Chao The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2019 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.62 No.5

Objective : This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve. Methods : The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications. Results : Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6-66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation. Conclusion : PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.

Biomass expansion factors of Quercus mongolica and Q. variabi Lis forests in Korea

( Xiao Dong Li ),( Yeong Mo Son ),( Kyeong Hak Lee ),( Rae Hyun Kim ),( Yow Han Son ),( Ho Yong Shin ),( Myong Jong Yi ) 한국임학회 2012 한국임학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2012 No.-

Biomass and carbon storage in an age-sequence of P inus densiflora stands in central Korea

( Xiao Dong Li ),( Yeong Mo Son ),( Kyeong Hak Lee ),( Rae Hyun Kim ),( Yow Han Son ),( Phil Sun Park ),( Guang Ze Jin ),( Myong Jong Yi ) 한국임학회 2012 한국임학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2012 No.-