Study on Dormancy Mechanisms of American Ginseng Seed II - Germination Inhibition of Seed Coat

Huang, Yao-Ge,Li, Xiang-Gao,Cui, Shu-Yu,Yang, Ji-Xiang,Liu, Ren-Song,Kim, Hack-Seang The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1996 Natural Product Sciences Vol.2 No.2

This paper gives a description about the germination inhibition of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed coat. The existence of seed coat is one of the inhibitory factors which inhibit the embryo growth, particularly during the morphological after-ripening stage. The seed coat can obstruct the water absorption at the beginning of seed stratification, but it can not threaten seed germination. The inhibition of seed coat is not caused by the mechanical fetter neither. However, before splitting the seed coat, the inhibition of seed coat comes from both air-tight character and inhibitors, and after splitting the seed coat, the inhibition may come mainly from the inhibitors.

Systemic Reactions to Dust Mite Subcutaneous Immunotherapy: A 3-Year Follow-up Study

Xiang Dong,Nan Huang,Wenjing Li,Lintao Hu,Xiaolong Wang,Yin Wang,Ning Xiang,Guanghui Liu,Rongfei Zhu 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.5

Purpose: The incidence of allergen specific immunotherapy-related systemic reactions (SRs) varies among different studies, and many factors are likely to contribute to SRs. This study aims to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of SRs to standardize dust mite-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in Central China. Methods: All patients receiving standardized dust mites (100-100,000 SQ-U/mL; Alutard SQ, Hørsholn, Denmark) immunotherapy were followed up. Recorded data included demographics, diagnosis, patient status, pulmonary function testing results before and after each injection, allergen dosage, and details of SRs. Results: From June 2011 to August 2014, a total of 208 patients received 4,369 injections; 27 (13.0%) patients experienced 48 (1.1%) systemic reactions. Most of the SRs were grade 2 reactions (n=30, 62.5%), followed by grade 1 (n=11, 22.9%), grade 3 (n=7, 14.6%), and no fatal reactions occurred. Forty-six SRs (95.8%) occurred within 30 minutes. Higher SR rates were associated with high concentration extracts (100,000 SQ-U/mL), injections with concomitant local reactions (LRs), children, asthma and high sensitivity (skin prick test 3+/4+ and/or sIgE≥17.5 kUA/L) (P<0.05). The estimated odds of SRs increased in children (OR=6.57; 95% CI: 1.88-22.97, P=0.003), asthmatic patients (OR=4.10; 95% CI: 1.72-9.80, P=0.002), and injections with LRs (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.33-4.36, P=0.004).Conclusions: The incidence of SRs to dust mite SCIT was low, and multiple factors were associated with the increased incidence of SRs. Children, asthmatics and patients with concomitant LR may be prone to develop SRs.

충적과정중 미국인삼 종자의 생리 및 생화학적 지표에 관한 동태학적 연구 I

Huang, Yao-Ge,Li, Xiang-Gao,Cui, Shu-Yu,Yu, Wen-Bo,Kuang, Ya-Lan,Yan, Jie-kun,Yang, Ji-Xiang,Liu, Ren-Song,Kim, Hack-Seang The Korean Society of Ginseng 1997 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.21 No.1

Dynamic parameters of biochemistry including the contents of soluble carbohydrate (SC) , crude fat (CF) , fatty arid (FA) and soluble protein (SP) in American send (Panax qufnquelolium L.) seed are reported in the present paper. When embryo ratio (ER) increased from 7.31 to 20.48%, the SC content decreased from 4.08 to 1.16%. After that, SC content changed little. The CF content decreased successively from 34.50 to 14.40% from the beginning to the end during the embryo afterripening. The changes of FA content did not correlate with that of ER and the changing range of SP content was not large during the seed stratification. All of these may provide some information for understanding the dormancy mechanisms of American seng seed.

Cytotoxic Isoflavanones from Uraria clarkei

Huang, Xiang-Zhong,Bai, Xi-Shan,Liang, Hui,Wang, Chao,Li, Wen-Juan,Guo, Jun-Ming,Jiang, Zhi-Yong Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.5

Two new isoflavanones, (3R) 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-2'-methoxyisoflavanone (1) and (3R) 5',8-di-(${\gamma}$,${\gamma}$-dimethylallyl)-2',5-dihydroxyl-4',7-dimethoxyl-isoflavanone (2), were isolated from Uraria clarkei, together with two known compounds dalbergioidin (3), 5,7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (4). The structures involving the absolute configuration of the new compounds were well elucidated by MS, IR, UV, CD, 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Cytotoxicity of the four compounds were assessed, results suggested that compound 2 possessed well cytotoxic activity, against the Hela, K562, and HL60 cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 28.0, 40.6 and $35.1{\mu}M$, respectively.

Dynamic Studies on Physiology and Biochemistry in American Seng Seed During Stratification - Part I. Embryo Ratio, Dry Weight Ratio and respiration Rate

Huang, Yao-Ge,Li, Xiang-Gao,Yang, Ji-Xiang,Kuang, Ya-Lan,Yan, Jie-Kun,Cui, Shu-Yu,Liu, Ren-Song,Kim, Hack-Seang The Korean Society of Ginseng 1996 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.20 No.3

Dynamic parameters of physiology including embryo ratio (ER), embryo length to endosperm length, dry weight ratio between embryo and endosperm (DWR) and respiration rate (RR) in American send (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed were investigated. According to the changes of ER during seed stratification, the duration of embryo afterripening could be divided into three stages as \circled1 embryo slow growth stage (ESGS), ER increased from 7.31% to 20.48% (0.16% day-1): \circled2 embryo rapid growth stage (ERGS), ER increased to 80.98% (0.61% day-1) (75G5+ ERGS=morphological afterripening stage (MP,5)) and \circled3pysiological afterripening stage (PAS), ER Increased to 88.50% (0.094 day-1) only. DWR Increased slowly from 0.20% to 2.76clp (0.016% day-1) in MAS and rapidly to 8.81% (0.061% day-1) in PAS. The RR correlated significantly with ER as well (r=0.8934 > rot, 0.6610). The steep increment of both DWR and RR in PAS indicated that the PAS was not a static stage although the ER was not changed too much. All of these may provide some information for understanding the dormancy mechanisms of American sting seed.

Cytotoxic Isoflavanones from Uraria clarkei

Xiang-Zhong Huang,Xi-Shan Bai,Hui Liang,Chao Wang,Wen-Juan Li,Junming Guo,Zhi-Yong Jiang 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.5

Two new isoflavanones, (3R) 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-2'-methoxyisoflavanone (1) and (3R) 5',8-di-(γ,γ- dimethylallyl)-2',5-dihydroxyl-4',7-dimethoxyl-isoflavanone (2), were isolated from Uraria clarkei, together with two known compounds dalbergioidin (3), 5,7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (4). The structures involving the absolute configuration of the new compounds were well elucidated by MS, IR, UV, CD, 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Cytotoxicity of the four compounds were assessed, results suggested that compound 2 possessed well cytotoxic activity, against the Hela, K562, and HL60 cell lines with IC50 values of 28.0, 40.6 and 35.1 μM, respectively.

Design of Intelligent Information Monitoring System for Distribution Network and Adjustment of Alarm Threshold

Xiang Ma,Jianye Cui,Zhongming Xiang,Haoliang Du,Jianfeng Huang 한국정보과학회 2022 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.16 No.2

In the current distribution network information monitoring system, there are many false alarm information, which forms redundant interference to the fault alarm threshold, and it is difficult to ensure the alarm accuracy of the monitoring system. The distribution network intelligent information monitoring system and the alarm threshold adjustment method based on machine learning are designed, with the physical layer of the system designed to collect the operation status information of each line and equipment of the distribution network according to various sensors, and transfer it to the data layer. The data layer extracts, processes, and classifies the received information, stores it in the database, obtains the abnormal information in the information base, and adjusts the alarm threshold based on the fuzzy clustering method in machine learning, realizing intelligent monitoring of distribution network. The test results show that the detection performance of abnormal information is good, that the abnormal information in the data can be obtained accurately, and that the clustering of the target category of abnormal information can be completed according to the eigenvalue, and has a good threshold adaptive adjustment ability, to maximize the balance between human, machine, and power grid operation state in the process of distribution network monitoring information, ensure real-time and reliable monitoring and alarm results.

충적과정중 미국인삼 종자의 생리 및 생화하적 지표에 관한 동태학적 연구 III

Huang, Yao-Ge,Li, Xiang-Gao,Kuang, Ya-Lan,Yan, Jie-Kun,Cui, Shu-Yu,Yu, Wen-Bo,Yang, Ji-Xiang,Liu, Ren-Song,Kim, Hack-Seang 고려인삼학회 1997 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.21 No.1

Dynamic parameters of biochemistry including the POD (peroxidase) activity, contents of DNA and RNA, isozymes of POD and ES (esterase) in American send (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed are reported in the present paper. The dynamic changes of POD activity proved that the PAS (physiological afterripening stage) is a stage in which some substances are prepared for seed germination. The POD activity correlated with ER (embryo ratio) significantly DNA content changed little only within 0.0036∼0.013 mg/ml, which did not correlate with ER. RNA content changed from 0.1539 to 1.0313 mg/ml and correlated significantly with RE during all of the embryo afterripening. None of the POD isozyme band was obtained in ESGS (embryo slowly growth stage), but five bands in ERGS (embryo rapidly growth stage) and six bands in PAS. Four bands of ES isozymes were obtained in ESGS, but six bands in ERGS, particularly, the content of ES isozymes increased in PAS. All of these may provide some information for understanding the dormancy mechanisms of American song seed.

Effect of Cisplatin on the Frequency and Immuno-inhibitory Function of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in A375 Melanoma Model

Huang, Xiang,Guan, Dan,Shu, Yong-Qian,Liu, Lian-Ke,Ni, Fang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10

Background: To investigate the change of frequency and immuno-inhibitory function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) after treatment of cisplatin (DDP) in A375 human melanoma model. Materials and Methods: BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with A375 cells to establish the human melanoma model and randomly divided into control group given normal saline (NS) and experimental group treated with DDP (5 mg/kg). The percentages of MDSCs in the tumor tissue and peripheral blood after DDP treatment were detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation and interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) secretion of T cells co-cultured with MDSCs were analyzed through carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling assay and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, respectively. Results: In A375 human melanoma model, DDP treatment could significantly decrease the percentage of MDSCs in the tumor tissue, but exerted no effect on the level of MDSCs in peripheral blood. Moreover, DDP treatment could attenuate the immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs. T cells co-cultured with DDP-treated MDSCs could dramatically elevate the proliferation and production of INF-${\gamma}$. Conclusions: DDP can decrease the frequency and attenuate immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs in A375 melanoma model, suggesting a potential strategy to augment the efficacy of combined immunotherapy.

Investigation on the Thermal Oxidative Aging Mechanism and Lifetime Prediction of Butyl Rubber

Kewei Xiang,Guangsu Huang,Jing Zheng,Xiaoan Wang,Jingyun Huang 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.1

Accelerated thermal aging experiments were conducted on butyl rubber materials in order to investigate aging behavior using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), and differential scanning calometry (DSC). The XPS results suggested that the thermal oxidation process took place heterogeneously along the samples thicknesses. The aging mechanism was identified to be crosslinking by means of the combined use of PALS and DSC results. Lifetime and intensity of ortho-positronium (o-ps) diminished, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased during aging. The dispersion condition of silica particles, observed by SEM images, showed that the filler agglomerated after aging. Time temperature superposition was carried out using compression set measurements in the temperature range of 100 to 60 oC. The Arrhenius plot clearly exhibited a curvature around 75 oC, and the activation energy dropped from 126.7to 58.8 kJ/mol across this region. Relative importance of different processes, over the entire temperature range, was discussed; lifetime at room temperature was predicted.