Evaluation of interfacial properties and microfailure mechanisms in single fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites at low temperature

Park, Joung&#x2010,Man,Wang, Zuo&#x2010,Jia,Kwon, Dong&#x2010,Jun,Gu, Ga&#x2010,Young,Um, Moon&#x2010,Kwang,DeVries, K. Lawrence Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Polymer composites Vol.33 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this preliminary study, micromechanical techniques were used to compare the interfacial properties of both carbon and glass fiber composites with two structurally different epoxy matrices (YD‐114 and YDF‐175) at ambient and relatively low temperatures (25°C and −10°C). Tensile modulus of elasticity for both epoxies was higher at lower temperature. Although both fibers exhibited more bimodality at lower temperature than at ambient temperature, glass fiber composites exhibited a statistically greater improvement in tensile strength. This may be attributed to differences in inherent flaws and rigidity. A decrement in stress was observed for YDF‐175 epoxy composites under cyclic loadings at both temperatures, which was attributed to lower interfacial shear strength (IFSS). In contrast to the IFSS of conventional YD‐114 epoxy composites, the IFSS of both the carbon and glass fibers/YDF‐175 epoxy composites studied was higher at the lower temperature. The microfailure pattern observed in microdroplet pullout tests was consistent with the other IFSS results. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>

Antitumor bioactivity of porphyran extracted from <i>Pyropia yezoensis</i> Chonsoo2 on human cancer cell lines

He, Dan,Wu, Siya,Yan, Liping,Zuo, Jihui,Cheng, Yang,Wang, Hanfei,Liu, Jian,Zhang, Xu,Wu, Mingjiang,Choi, Jong&#x2010,il,Tong, Haibin John WileySons, Ltd 2019 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol.99 No.15

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I>, rich in porphyran, is a medicine‐edible red alga. In the present study, the physicochemical characteristics, conformational states and antitumor activities of a novel porphyran extracted from the high‐yield algal strain <I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> Chonsoo2 and its two degraded derivatives by gamma irradiation were investigated.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> porphyran is a water‐soluble, triple‐helical sulfated hetero‐galactopyranose, named PYP. PYP was degraded by gamma irradiation at 20 kGy and 50 kGy, giving two low molecular weight derivatives comprising PYP‐20 and PYP‐50, respectively. PYP with a higher molecular weight has a solution conformation different from PYP‐20 and PYP‐50. Three porphyrans had no toxicity in normal human liver cells (HL‐7702) and showed antitumor effects on Hep3B, HeLa and MDA‐MB‐231. They had better antitumor against HeLa cells, exhibiting a similar inhibition ratio compared to 5‐fluorouracil, with PYP especially exhibiting a higher inhibition ratio than 5‐fluorouracil. With respect to HeLa cells, the different antitumor activities might be related to porphyran molecular weight and solution conformation. Furthermore, the HeLa cell cycle was blocked in the G2/M phase after PYP treatment, leading to cell proliferation inhibition. The induction of cell cycle arrest was related to the changes in the expression of p21, p53, Cyclin B1 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P><I>Pyropia yezoensis</I> porphyran, as applied to medicine and functional food, could potentially be used as a non‐toxic natural adjuvant in cancer therapy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry</P>

Cytokinin signaling regulates pavement cell morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

Li, Hongjiang,Xu, Tongda,Lin, Deshu,Wen, Mingzhang,Xie, Mingtang,Duclercq, Jé,rô,me,Bielach, Agnieszka,Kim, Jungmook,Reddy, G Venugopala,Zuo, Jianru,Benková,, Eva,Friml, Ji&#x159,&iac Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2013 Cell research Vol.23 No.2

Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 Thin Films on MgO and Sapphire Substrates

X.J. Zhao,S.L. Yan,C. Zhang,E. Chen,L. Fang,L. Ji,Q.L. Xie,S. Li,T.G. Zhou,X. Zhang,X. Zuo,Y.G. Li 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I

High quality Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212) films were grown on MgO and sapphire substrates with CeO2 buffer layers. The CeO2 buffer layers were prepared by using an in-situ process with RF magnetron sputtering. The Tl-2212 thin films were then fabricated in a two-step process: deposition of the Tl-containing precursor film and low-temperature post-thallination of the precursor film. The resulting Tl-2212 films showed an excellent biaxial texture. The superconducting transition temperatures, Tc’s, of the films on MgO and sapphire were 103.4 and 104.2 K, respectively. The critical current densities Jc at 77 K and zero magnetic field were as high as 2.37 × 106 A/cm2 for the film on MgO and 1.76 × 106 A/cm2 on sapphire. A surface resistance of 725 μ at 10 GHz and 77 K was obtained in the Tl-2212 film on CeO2 buffered sapphire.

PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION FOR A LUGRE MODEL BASED ON STEADY-STATE TIRE CONDITIONS

X. D. WU,S. G. ZUO,L. LEI,X. W. YANG,Y. LI 한국자동차공학회 2011 International journal of automotive technology Vol.12 No.5

The purpose of this study was to effectively identify parameters for a LuGre friction model based on experimental measures. In earlier work related to this study (Yang et al., 2009), which was based on the characters of polygonal wear (Sueoka and Ryu, 1997), we showed a frictional vibration model for a mass on a moving belt. This model reflected lateral vibrations caused by velocity and toe-in angle. An important aspect of the present study is the improved friction model. A previous friction model, which divided the process into four parts, expressed the sable excited vibration well but failed to reflect the hysteresis loop change when vehicles accelerated or decelerated continuously. A LuGre friction model can solve this problem, but several model parameters must be obtained experimentally. We measured contact width and length of tires as vertical pressure changed; this provided a theoretical basis for apparent stiffness of a unit of tire tread. Based on tire data from Bakker E’s article in a SAE paper from 1987, we identified the Stribeck exponent and Stribeck velocity in LuGre. Then, the results were implemented in a vibration system that verified the rationality of the data.

PREDICTION PROCEDURE FOR WEAR DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSIENT ROLLING TIRE

S. G. ZUO,T. X. NI,X. D. WU,K. WU,X. W. YANG 한국자동차공학회 2014 International journal of automotive technology Vol.15 No.3

As a research method, finite element analysis (FEA) with ABAQUS can help researchers to study throughoutthe whole process of abnormal tire wear. For precise tread wear simulation, this paper introduces a tire finite element modelbuilding method. Then, the model is verified by comparing its simulation results with experiment data. Based on the verifiedmodel, tire high-speed rolling procedure is presented by combining steady-state transport analysis and dynamic analysis. Topredict the wear distribution, micro tread wear calculation method is described. Finally, the wear prediction procedure of treadmesh evolving is introduced and tire polygonal wear pattern is simulated by this procedure.

Effect of the Transformed Lactobacillus with Phytase Gene on Pig Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Gut Microbes and Serum Biochemical Indexes

Yin, Q.Q.,Chang, J.,Zuo, R.Y.,Chen, L.Y.,Chen, Q.X.,Wei, X.Y.,Guan, Q.F.,Sun, J.W.,Zheng, Q.H.,Yang, X.,Ren, G.Z. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

In order to improve the availability of phytase and probiotics together, a phytase gene from Aspergillus ficuum has been expressed in Lactobacillus. In this study, the transformed Lactobacillus with phytase gene was fed to pigs to determine its effect on pig production, feed conversion and gut microbes. Forty eight, 60-day-old, castrated pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Pietrain) were assigned to 6 groups, 8 pigs for each group. Group 1 was the control, group 2 was added with chlortetracycline (500 mg/kg), group 3 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of calcium monohydrogen phosphate (CMP, $CaHPO_{4}$) removed, group 4 was added with the natural Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 5 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 6 was added with phytase (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed. The results showed: i) the average daily gain (ADG) was improved in groups 2, 3 and 4 (p<0.05); ii) the diarrhea rates in the groups added with Lactobacillus were lower than in the other groups (p<0.05), in which the transformed Lactobacillus had more effect on reducing digestive disease; iii) the transformed Lactobacillus was most effective in improving the digestibilities of crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), compared with the other groups (p<0.05); iv) Lactobacillus could increase lactic acid bacterium number and ammonia concentrations, and decrease pH values and E. coli number in pig feces (p<0.05); v) the phytase activity in the feces of pigs fed with the transformed Lactobacillus was 133.32 U/g, which was higher than in group 4 (9.58 U/g, p<0.05), and was almost the same as group 6 (135.94 U/g); vi) the transformed Lactobacillus could increase serum concentrations of IgA, triglyceride, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (p<0.05), and had no significant effect on other serum indexes (p>0.05).

c-Cbl-Mediated Neddylation Antagonizes Ubiquitination and Degradation of the TGF-β Type II Receptor

Zuo, W.,Huang, F.,Chiang, Y.,Li, M.,Du, J.,Ding, Y.,Zhang, T.,Lee, H.,Jeong, L.,Chen, Y.,Deng, H.,Feng, X.H.,Luo, S.,Gao, C.,Chen, Y.G. Cell Press 2013 Molecular cell Vol.49 No.3

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a potent antiproliferative factor in multiple types of cells. Deregulation of TGF-β signaling is associated with the development of many cancers, including leukemia, though the molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we show that Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (c-Cbl), a known proto-oncogene encoding an ubiquitin E3 ligase, promotes TGF-β signaling by neddylating and stabilizing the type II receptor (TβRII). Knockout of c-Cbl decreases the TβRII protein level and desensitizes hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells to TGF-β stimulation, while c-Cbl overexpression stabilizes TβRII and sensitizes leukemia cells to TGF-β. c-Cbl conjugates neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally downregulated 8 (NEDD8), a ubiquitin-like protein, to TβRII at Lys556 and Lys567. Neddylation of TβRII promotes its endocytosis to EEA1-positive early endosomes while preventing its endocytosis to caveolin-positive compartments, therefore inhibiting TβRII ubiquitination and degradation. We have also identified a neddylation-activity-defective c-Cbl mutation from leukemia patients, implying a link between aberrant TβRII neddylation and leukemia development.

Phenotypic and Genetic Parameters for Inosine Acid in Relation to Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Pigs

Jiang, X.P.,Liu, G.Q.,Xiong, Y.Z.,Ding, J.T.,Xie, K.Z.,Zhang, J.Q.,Zuo, B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.2

A total of 135 F2 finishing pigs (65 barrows and 69 gilts) from resource population (Large White${\times}$Meishan) were slaughtered at about 87.8 kg BW. Contents of inosine acid (IMP) and carnine (HR) in muscle were assayed by HLPC and genetic parameters for IMP content and HR content were estimated using full sibs model. There was significant sex effect on IMP content(p<0.05), $3.561{\pm}0.077mg/g$ for gilt and $3.287{\pm}0.085mg/g$ for barrow. Heritability estimates for IMP and HR content were 0.127 and 0.357, respectively. The phenotypic correlation between IMP content and HR was 0.335, pH (A) 0.024, water lose rate (WLR) -0.069, intramuscular fat (IMF) -0.214, average marbling score (MARB) -0.143, average backfat measurements (AVBF) -0.084 and average color value (CV) -0.156, respectively. The result indicated that inosine acid content in meat might be retained or slightly improved by reducing backfat depth in pig breeding.

THREE-SPEED TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR PURELYELECTRIC VEHICLES

Z. ZHANG,C. ZUO,W. HAO,Y. ZUO,X. L. ZHAO,M. ZHANG 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.5

This paper discusses the necessity of using a transmission system to improve the energy efficiency of purelyelectric vehicles (EVs). The energy efficiency of an electric motor varies at different operating points to meet the output powerdemand. The three gear ratios of a transmission system can maintain the motor speed within a stable region with relativelyhigh energy efficiency, while various vehicle speeds are needed. This work is based on a light EV prototype. The optimizedgear ratios of this transmission result in a considerably reduced energy consumption of 9.3% compared with conventional EVswith single-speed reducers under the condition of the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule driving cycle. Thus, thetransmission system is necessary to improve the energy efficiency of EVs.