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Interactive terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) player
Won-Sik Cheong,Jihun Cha,Sangwoo Ahn,Won-Hyuck Yoo,Kyung Ae Moon IEEE 2007 IEEE transactions on consumer electronics Vol.53 No.1
<P>This paper presents an interactive terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) player. Interactive T-DMB contents consist of the main AV streams and additional data streams such as BIFS (binary format for scene) streams, OD streams, and image streams. In order to properly play interactive T-DMB contents, presented player includes BIFS decoder, BIFS manager and JPEG decoder modules. The implementation of the interactive player and its capabilities are presented along with usage examples.</P>
Cheong, Jae Youn,Cho, Sung Won,Hwang, Il Lan,Yoon, Seung Kew,Lee, June Hyuk,Park, Choon Sik,Lee, Jong Eun,Hahm, Ki Baik,Kim, Jin Hong Blackwell Publishing Asia 2006 Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol.21 No.7
<P>Abstract</P><P>Background: </P><P>The reasons for the viral persistence of hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) are unknown, but are probably related to host immune factors. Cytokines play a significant role in immune defense. The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between HBV infection and polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-10 gene promoter.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>A total of 412 Korean patients with HBV infection (72 inactive carriers, 261 witih chronic hepatitis, 79 with liver cirrhosis) and 204 healthy individuals who recovered from HBV infection, were studied. The polymorphisms in IL-10 gene promoter (−1082, −819, −592), and TNF-α gene promoter (−308, −238) were assessed by single base primer extension assay.</P><P>Results: </P><P>The frequency of C/C genotype at position −592 of IL-10 gene promoter was higher in the HBV clearance group than that in the persistence group in univariate analysis (12.7% vs 7.5%, <I>P</I> = 0.036). The IL-10 gene promoter −592 C/C genotype was related to clearance of HBV infection in logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age and sex (<I>P</I> = 0.003). Genotype frequencies of TNF-α gene promoter at position −308 and −238 were not different between the clearance and the persistence group in univariate analysis, but in multivariate analysis after adjusting for age and sex, −308G/−238G homozygotes were associated with HBV persistence (<I>P</I> = 0.005). Genotype distributions of both gene promoters in inactive carriers were similar to those in patients with chronic progressive liver disease.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>The carriers of the −592A allele in the IL-10 promoter and −308G/−238G haplotype homozygotes in the TNF-α promoter region have higher risk of persistent HBV infection.</P>
Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Kyong,Kim, Cha-Young,Kim, Min-Chul,Kim, Ihn-Hyoung,Park, Chan-Young,Kim, jong-Cheol,Park, Byung-Ouk,Koo, Seong-Cheol,Yoon, Hae-Won,Chung, Woo-Sik,Lim, Cha Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the MAPK have as yet not been elucidated. Here, we report an MAPK from rice (Oryza sativa), BWMK1, and a transcription factor, OsEREBP1, phosphorylated by the kinase. The MAPK carries a TDY phosphorylation motif instead of the more common TEY motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended C-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and translocation to the nucleus. The MAPK phosphorylates OsEREBP1 that binds to the GCC box element (AGCCGCC) of the several basic pathogenesis-related gene promoters, which in turn enhances DNA-binding activity of the factor to the cis element in vitro. Transient co-expression of the BWMK1 and OsEREBP1 in Arabidopsis protoplasts elevates the expression of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the GCC box element. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants overexpressing BWMK1 expressed many pathogenesis-related genes at higher levels than wild-type plants with an enhanced resistance to pathogens. These findings suggest that MAPKs contribute to plant defense signal transduction by phosphorylating one or more transcription factors.
Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Kyong,Kim, Cha-Young,Kim, Min-Chul,Kim, Ihn-Hyoung,Park, Chan-Young,Kim, Jong-Cheol,Park, Byung-Ouk,Koo, Seong-Cheol,Yoon, Hae-Won,Chung, Woo-Sik,Lim, Cha Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the MAPK have as yet not been elucidated. Here, we report an MAPK from rice (Oryza sativa), BWMK1, and a transcription factor, OsEREBP1, phosphorylated by the kinase. The MAPK carries a TDY phosphorylation motif instead of the more common TEY motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended C-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and translocation to the nucleus. The MAPK phosphorylates OsEREBP1 that binds to the GCC box element (AGCCGCC) of the several basic pathogenesis-related gene promoters, which in turn enhances DNA-binding activity of the factor to the cis element in vitro. Transient co-expression of the BWMK1 and OsEREBP1 in Arabidopsis protoplasts elevates the expression of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the GCC box element. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants overexpressing BWMK1 expressed many pathogenesis-related genes at higher levels than wild-type plants with an enhanced resistance to pathogens. These findings suggest that MAPKs contribute to plant defense signal transduction by phosphorylating one or more transcription factors.
박정수(Cheong Soo Park),김준식(Jun Sik Kim),홍원표(Won Pyo Hong),최은창(Eun Chang Choi),김동익(Dong Ik Kim) 대한두경부종양학회 1989 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Carotid body paraganglioma is uncommon, with appoximately 900 reports of it in the world literature, and with only 7 documented cases in the Korean literature. The classic carotid body para ganglioma develops in the bifurcation of common carotid artery and involves both the internal and external carotid arteries at it expands. The diagnosis may almost always be established preφeratively by selective angiography which shows a widening of the carotid bifurcation with a well defined vascular mass. Differential consideration of a single, lateral cervical mass in this location include branchial cleft cyst, neurogenic tumor, metastatic thyroid cancer, carotid body aneurysm and salivary gland tumor. Surgical therapy is the preferred method of treatment as these tumors are regarded as radioresistant. Because of their high vascularity and anatomical location, surgical removal of these tumors reguires a considerable degree of caution and a high degree of surgical expertise. With improved diagnostic and surgical technique, the morbidity and mortality has been reduced lately. This report details the management of 3 patients with carotid body paraganglioma who underwent safe resection by subadventitial dissection or using an internal vascular shunt.