Surface Modification of Flax Fibers with Isocyanate and Its Effects on Fiber/Epoxy Interfacial Properties

Wanru Wang,Rao Fu,Qi Deng,Xinyuan Wang,Yujie Wang,Zhao Zhang,Guijun Xian 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.12

Natural fiber reinforced polymer composite has been widely used in various industry fields. Natural fibertreatment can effectively improve its mechanical and durability properties, and expands its applications. In the present study,isocyanate was proposed to treat flax fibers in order to reduce the hydrophilic properties of the fibers, and to enhance thebonding of flax fiber to epoxy matrix. The isocyanate treated fabric was evaluated with fourier transform infra-red (FTIR),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water uptake. The effects of the fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of flaxfabric reinforced epoxy (FFRP) plates were investigated. FTIR and SEM analysis indicated that isocyanate reacts with flaxfiber, forming a thin polymer layer on the fiber surface. The water absorption test showed that isocyanate treatment decreasedthe water uptake of the flax fabric by 4-18 times compared to the control fabric. The flexural and tensile strength of FFRPwith isocyanate solution treated fabrics were enhanced more than 20 %, attributed to the improved adhesion of fiber to epoxy. Based on the above results, the treatment method of flax fiber with isocyanate is considered as an effective approach toimprove both hydrothermal ageing resistance and mechanical properties of FFRPs.

Trapidil determines the fate of RHF rats through inhibition of ER stress

Yilin Wang,Yu Wang,Chengxi Wei,Quan Wan,Zhifei Fan,Liying Xuan,Wanru Geng,Liqun Shao,Jie Long,Junyi Gu,Ming Zhao 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.4

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal disease,especially when it causes right heart failure (RHF). However, it is difficult to treat. It has been reported thattrapidil (Tra) can improve the redox balance and cardiacconditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of Tra onRHF induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in rats. Male Wistarrats were treated with MCT or Tra. Treatment lasted 28 days,then rats were euthanized after echocardiography and catheterization. Subsequently, lungs and right ventricular myocardiawere evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, Masson,and TUNEL staining. Protein expression was detected bywestern blotting. We found remarkably expanded rightventricle end-diastolic volume, decreased partial pressureof oxygen (PaO2), increased partial pressure of carbondioxide (PaCO2), right ventricular systolic pressure, meanpulmonary arterial pressure, lung/body weight, and liver/body weight in the RHF rat group, as well as increases inthe apoptosis rate and the expression of endoplasmic reticulumstress (ERS)-related proteins. However, these changes were significantly inhibited by Tra. Our data suggested thatinhibition of ERS is essential for improving RHF, and thattherapeutic intervention of Tra in RHF rats works by reducingERS.

Synthesis of aminated calcium lignosulfonate and its adsorption properties for azo dyes

Yingying Wang,Linli Zhu,Xiaohong Wang,Wanru Zheng,Chen Hao,Chenglong Jiang,Jingbo Wu 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.61 No.-

A low-cost adsorbent, aminated calcium lignosulfonate (ACLS) was prepared and successfully applied to the adsorption of Congo red and the Titan yellow dyes. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental mapping images (EMIs) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. And the efficiency of ACLS for the removal of Congo red and the Titan yellow dyes was evaluated by several factors, such as temperature, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration of dyes solution. And the test ranges of temperature, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration of dye solution were 25–45 °C, 2–12, 0.005–0.05 g, 1–48 h, 10–200 mg L−1, respectively. The adsorption results demonstrated a good ability to remove dye with the removal rates of 97% and 91% for 30 mg L−1 Congo red and 40 mg L−1 Titan yellow, respectively. The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherms can be well described by the pseudo second order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm model for the both dyes, respectively. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity of Congo red and Titan yellow reached 258.4 mg g−1 and 190.1 mg g−1 in the study of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, respectively. Thermodynamic studies show that the adsorption of the two dyes is a spontaneous endothermic process. The results indicate that the ACLS has the potential to be used in the treatment of dye wastewater.

Role of Preoperative Albumin Quotient in Surgical Planning for Posttraumatic Syringomyelia: A Comparative Cohort Study

Pingchuan Xia,Houyuan Lv,Chenghua Yuan,Wanru Duan,Jiachen Wang,Jian Guan,Yueqi Du,Can Zhang,Zhenlei Liu,Kai Wang,Zuowei Wang,Xingwen Wang,Hao Wu,Zan Chen,Fengzeng Jian 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1

Objective: Surgical procedures for patients with posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS) remain controversial. Until now, there have been no effective quantitative evaluation methods to assist in selecting appropriate surgical plans before surgery. Methods: We consecutively enrolled PTS patients (arachnoid lysis group, n = 42; shunting group, n = 14) from 2003 to 2023. Additionally, 19 intrathecal anesthesia patients were included in the control group. All patients with PTS underwent physical and neurological examinations and spinal magnetic resonance imaging preoperatively, 3–12 months postoperatively and during the last follow-up. Preoperative lumbar puncture was performed and blood-spinal cord barrier disruption was detected by quotient of albumin (Qalb, cerebrospinal fluid/serum). Results: The ages (p = 0.324) and sex (p = 0.065) of the PTS and control groups did not differ significantly. There were also no significant differences in age (p = 0.216), routine blood data and prognosis (p = 0.399) between the arachnoid lysis and shunting groups. But the QAlb level of PTS patients was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.001), and the shunting group had a significantly higher QAlb (p < 0.001) than the arachnoid lysis group. A high preoperative QAlb (odds ratio, 1.091; 95% confidence interval, 1.004–1.187; p = 0.041) was identified as the predictive factor for the shunting procedure, with the receiver operating characteristic curve showing 100% specificity and 80.95% sensitivity for patients with a QAlb > 12.67. Conclusion: Preoperative QAlb is a significant predictive factor for the types of surgery. For PTS patients with a QAlb > 12.67, shunting represents the final recourse, necessitating the exploration and development of novel treatments for these patients.

Receding Horizon Stability Analysis of Delayed Neural Networks with Randomly Occurring Uncertainties

Liankun Sun,Yanyu Wang,Wanru Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.10

For delayed neural networks with randomly occurring uncertainties (ROU), this paper uses an improved integral inequality to optimize the stability of the receding horizon. The ROU follows some uncorrelated Bernoulli distribution white noise sequence, which it can enter the neural network in a free and random manner. By using a suitable lemma, the ROU problem added in this paper is transformed into a linear matrix inequality. Based on the auxiliary function-based integral inequality method, the new cross terms matrix of linear matrix inequality in the improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is processed. Therefore, some new matrix variables containing more information are generated, so that the results have more degrees of freedom. This paper has obtained the new condition of the end-weighting matrix of the receding horizon cost function, thereby reducing its conservativeness and increasing its upper limit of delay. Finally, the superiority of the method has be illustrated by giving some simulation numerical examples.

Phenotypes and Prognostic Factors of Syringomyelia in Single-Center Patients With Chiari I Malformation: Moniliform Type as a Special Configuration

Chunli Lu,Longbing Ma,Chenghua Yuan,Lei Cheng,Xinyu Wang,Wanru Duan,Kai Wang,Zan Chen,Hao Wu,Gao Zeng,Fengzeng Jian 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.3

Objective: The specific association between morphometric characteristics of the syrinx and the prognosis of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with syringomyelia following surgical procedure seems to have not been fully elaborated. This study focused on the preoperative clinical and radiologic parameters in CM-I patients with syringomyelia to find out the relationship between the patients’ clinical status and the phenotypes of the syrinx with surgical outcome. Methods: A continuous series of pediatric and adult patients with CM-I and syringomyelia from a prospectively maintained database in a single center were included, and we explored the related factors affecting the prognosis following decompression surgery through retrospective analysis of clinical presentations, imaging characteristics, and the morphological features of syringomyelia, to provide a clinical reference for the treatment of syringomyelia. Results: There were 28 pediatric patients (13.8%), and 174 adults (86.2%) included in our study. The average Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale score was 14.56 ± 1.78. The overall prognosis after surgery was good in our series, among them 152 cases (75.25%) with a favorable prognosis, and syrinx was resolved effectively in 172 cases (85.15%). According to the univariate and multivariate analyses, the preoperative symptom duration, observation time, and with/without moniliform type were independent factors affecting the prognosis in adults. The most obvious difference between moniliform type and nonmoniliform type lies in the preoperative symptom duration, ventral subarachnoid space at the foramen magnum, and with/without straightened cervical physio-curve. Conclusion: Timely decompression surgery could achieve a better outcome in CM-I patients with syringomyelia. Moniliform syringomyelia may suggest a relatively better prognosis.

Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes

Chunli Lu,Longbing Ma,Jian Guan,Zhenlei Liu,Kai Wang,Wanru Duan,Zan Chen,Hao Wu,Fengzeng Jian 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.4

Objective: Combined with different configuration types of syringomyelia, to analyze the correlation between syrinx resolution and changes in cervical sagittal alignment following Foramen magnum and Magendie dredging (FMMD) for syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation (CM-I), and to further explore the respective relationship with clinical outcome. Methods: A consecutive series of 127 patients with CM-I and syringomyelia who underwent FMMD in our center met the inclusion criteria of this study. Their clinical records and radiologic data were retrospectively reviewed. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system and the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) were used to evaluate the surgical efficacy. The phenotypes of syringomyelia and the clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed according to grouping by cervical curvature at baseline. Results: The preoperative straight or kyphotic cervical alignment is more common in the moniliform syrinx. After surgery, the syrinx resolution and cervical sagittal realignment in the moniliform group are more obvious, and the corresponding prognosis is relatively better. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ΔS/C ratio (the change ratio of syrinx/cord) was positively correlated with the CCOS (p = 0.001, r = 0.897) and ΔC2–7A (the change of lower cervical angle) (p = 0.002, r = 0.560). There was also a correlation between the ΔJOA score (the change rate of the JOA score) and ΔC2–7A (p = 0.012, r = 0.467). Conclusion: After decompression surgery, syrinx resolution may coexist with the changes in the subaxial lordosis angle, especially for syrinx in moniliform type, and the relationship between syrinx resolution and cervical sagittal realignment might be valuable for evaluating the surgical outcome.

Quantitative Reduction of Basilar Invagination With Atlantoaxial Dislocation by a Posterior Approach

Jian Guan,Fengzeng Jian,Qingyu Yao,Chenghua Yuan,Can Zhang,Longbing Ma,Zhenlei Liu,Wanru Duan,Xingwen Wang,Xuefeng Bo,Zan Chen 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.3

Objective: This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of quantitative reduction and fixation to treat basilar invagination (BI) with atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD). Methods: Posterior occipitocervical angle (POCA), occiput–C2 angle (Oc–C2A), clivusaxial angle (CAA), and C2–7 angle (C2–7A) were considered for quantitative reduction. Twelve patients with BI complicated with AAD received posterior interarticular release and individualized cage implantation to restore vertical dislocation. The POCA was adjusted using cantilever technology to further reduce the horizontal dislocation and adjust lower cervical vertebral angle. All patients received a radiological follow-up for ≥12 months. Improvements in spinal cord function were evaluated using Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. Results: All the patients received successful quantitative reduction for BI-AAD, and bony fusion was achieved without spinal cord injury after surgery for 12 months. The JOA score was improved significantly to 15.2 ± 0.9 twelve months after surgery (p < 0.01). Radiological follow-up revealed that individualized cage and POCA play vital roles in quantitative correction: (1) distance of the dens above McRae’s line and atlantodens interval were restored to normal level, respectively; (2) changes in Oc–C2 angle (ΔOc–C2A), C2–7 angle (ΔC2–7A), clivus-axial angle (ΔCAA), and POCA (ΔPOCA) were all caused by changes in axis tilt. Based on the changes of radiological parameter we deduced the formula for quantitative reduction by linear regression analysis: -ΔPOCA = ΔOc–C2A = -ΔC2–7A = ΔCAA. Conclusion: Quantitative posterior reduction by individualized cage and adjusting ΔPOCA is feasible for treating BI with AAD.