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Clot Waveform Analysis for Hemostatic Abnormalities
Wada Hideo,Shiraki Katsuya,Matsumoto Takeshi,Shimpo Hideto,Shimaoka Motomu 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.6
Clot waveform analysis (CWA) observes changes in transparency in a plasma sample based on clotting tests such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). Evidence indicates that not only an abnormal waveform but also peak times and heights in derivative curves of CWA are useful for the evaluation of hemostatic abnormalities. Modified CWA, including the PT with APTT reagent, dilute PT (small amount of tissue factor [TF]-induced clotting factor IX [FIX] activation; sTF/FIXa), and dilute TT, has been proposed to evaluate physiological or pathological hemostasis. We review routine and modified CWA and their clinical applications. In CWA-sTF/FIXa, elevated peak heights indicate hypercoagulability in patients with cancer or thrombosis, whereas prolonged peak times indicate hypocoagulability in several conditions, including clotting factor deficiency and thrombocytopenia. CWA-dilute TT reflects the thrombin burst, whereas clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis reflects both hemostasis and fibrinolysis. The relevance and usefulness of CWA-APTT and modified CWA should be further investigated in various diseases.
Wada, Naoyuki,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Yoh, Jack J.,Hamashima, Hideki,Hokamoto, Kazuyuki The Japan Institute of Metals 2012 Materials Transactions Vol.53 No.1
<P>An experimental method to synthesize titanium dioxide (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) using high-power laser in water was performed. A high-power Nd:YAG pulsed laser was used for the synthesis, with the laser energy fixed at 1 J/pulse. This laser was focused on a titanium wire set in water. This investigation recovered nano-sized anatase phase titanium dioxide with well crystallized structure. Pulsed bubbles generated in the water were confirmed by optical measurement, and their collapse may have induced high pressures and temperatures. The bubbles generated was approximately spherical in shape, with an estimated maximum size of 3.7 mm generated about 200 µs later after focusing the laser. Recovered powders were confirmed as single anatase phase titanium dioxide by XRD analysis. Effects of bubbles on synthesis and crystallization are also suggested.</P>
Wada, Satoko,Fukasawa, Michiru,Chiba, Takashi,Shishido, Tetsuro,Tozawa, Akitsu,Ogura, Shin-ichiro Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.10
Objective: Stroking calves during the postnatal period could effectively improve human-calf relationships. The objective of this study is to examine how daily calf stroking frequency during the postnatal period affects the establishment of human-calf relationships. Methods: Six calves were stroked by a trainer for 6 minutes once daily for 5 days after birth (D1). Six calves were stroked by a trainer for 3 minutes twice daily for 5 days after birth (D2). A further four calves were stared at but not stroked as the control group. The overall stroking or staring duration was the same for all groups, at 6 min/d and 30 min over 5 days. The tests for reactions to the stationary trainer in an unfamiliar environment and avoidance distance measurements for an approaching trainer were conducted at 1 month and 3 months after the treatment. Results: Calves in both stroking groups approached significantly closer to the stationary trainer, vocalized less, and looked at the trainer shorter than the control group at 1 month. However, at 3 months, there was no significant difference between the D1 and the control group, whereas the D2 approached significantly closer to the trainer and vocalized less, and looked at the trainer for a shorter time than the control group. For the avoidance distance, the trainer could approach closer to both stroking groups than the control at 1 month, however, there was no difference among groups at 3 months. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the difference in the calf stroking procedure affected the established human-calf relationships, even though the total stroking duration was the same for all stroked calves. It is likely to be more effective to stroke more frequently than intensively when the aim is to establish better human-calf relationships within limited labor time.
Wada Shintaro,Hagio Takeshi,Kunishi Hiroto,Park Jae-Hyeok,Phouthavong Vanpaseuth,Yamada Yuta,Terao Toshihiro,Li Xinling,Nijpanich Supinya,Ichino Ryoichi 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.6
Crystalline microporous membranes are promising tools for gas separation because their molecular dimension pores allow us to accurately sieve molecules by size. Recently, microporous hexagonal WO3 was reported as a new potential membrane material and its membrane was found to enable separation of water from water/acetic acid mixtures. Pore size of hexagonal WO3 seemed to be also suitable for separation of small gasses; however, its gas permeation properties have not been reported. Additionally, densification of membranes by decreasing intercrystalline gaps are extremely important in gas separation. One effective method to densify polycrystalline membranes is to repeat membrane synthesis, namely multi-stage synthesis. Here, we attempt to prepare dense hexagonal WO3 membranes on porous tubular supports by multi-stage synthesis and examined their densification and gas permeation properties. Densification was confirmed by permeation of SF6 (gas molecule larger than pores of hexagonal WO3), and its potential for separating small gasses was considered from single gas permeation of He and He/SF6 permselectivity. The results indicated that the multi-stage synthesis is effective to densify the membranes and He/SF6 permselectivity reached 42.8 for three-stage synthesis under modified conditions, implying hexagonal WO3 is a potential membrane material for small gas separation.
Actin-mediated movement of chloroplasts
Wada, Masamitsu,Kong, Sam-Geun The Company of Biologists Ltd. 2018 Journal of cell science Vol.131 No.2
<P>Plants are sessile and require diverse strategies to adapt to fluctuations in the surrounding light conditions. Consequently, the photorelocation movement of chloroplasts is essential to prevent damages that are induced by intense light (avoidance response) and to ensure efficient photosynthetic activities under weak light conditions (accumulation response). The mechanisms that underlie chloroplast movements have been revealed through analysis of the behavior of individual chloroplasts and it has been found that these organelles can move in any direction without turning. This implies that any part of the chloroplast periphery can function as the leading or trailing edge during movement. This ability is mediated by a special structure, which consists of short actin filaments that are polymerized at the leading edge of moving chloroplasts and are specifically localized in the space between the chloroplast and the plasma membrane, and is called chloroplast-actin. In addition, several of the genes that encode proteins that are involved in chloroplast-actin polymerization or maintenance have been identified. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms that regulate chloroplast movements through polymerization of the chloroplast-actin and propose a model for actin-driven chloroplast photorelocation movement.</P>
Multivalent mannose-decorated NIR nanoprobes for targeting pan lymph nodes
Wada, Hideyuki,Hyun, Hoon,Bao, Kai,Lee, Jeong Heon,El Fakhri, Georges,Choi, Yongdoo,Choi, Hak Soo Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.340 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lymphadenectomy is a prerequisite for most malignancies to define the precise staging of cancer, as well as resect the possible metastases completely. While it improves prognosis, lymphadenectomy often causes postoperative edema or bleeding because of unclear surgical margins. In this study, we synthesized near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent nanoprobes with conjugating various mannose moieties on the surface to target macrophages in the lymph node. Armed with these NIR nanoprobes, we demonstrated the feasibility of intraoperative pan lymph nodes (PLN) mapping and real-time optical imaging under the NIR fluorescence imaging system. We found that even single mannose-conjugated ZW800-1 showed specific uptake in lymph nodes within 4 h, and multiple mannose-employed polyrotaxanes highlighted PLN efficiently with low background signals in major organs. This technology can help surgeons perform lymphadenectomy with ease and safety by identifying all regional lymph nodes proficiently after a single intravenous injection of NIR nanoprobes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NIR fluorescent nanoprobes to target macrophages in the lymph node. </LI> <LI> Renal clearable nanoprobes enhance the SBR of target tissue. </LI> <LI> Intraoperative pan lymph nodes mapping is demonstrated. </LI> <LI> Surgeons can perform lymphadenectomy with ease and safety using NIR. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>