Crystal Structure Analysis of N,N′-bis(3-chloro-2-methylsalicylidene)-1,4- butanediamine

P. Sharmila, R. Rajesh, R. Venkatesan2, Jagadeesan Ganapathy, and S. Aravindhan 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2016 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.4

The crystal structure of the saliciline derivatives N,N′-bis(3-chloro-2-methylsalicylidene)-1,4-butanediamine (C20H22Cl2N2O2) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In the title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pī with unit cell dimension a= 4.6085(3) Å, b=5.9747(3) Å and c= 5.9747(3) Å [α=83.889 (4)°, β= 86.744(5)° and γ= 82.085(5)°]. The title compound is essentially planar conformation. The compound lies across a crystallographic inversion centre and adopts E configurations with respect to the C-N bonds. The crystal packing of the molecules of compound is stabilized through weak O-H...N intra molecular interactions Keywords: Chromene; Schiff Base Ligand; Single Crystal Structure; X-ray Diffraction

Lactucopicrin potentiates neuritogenesis and neurotrophic effects by regulating Ca²⁺/CaMKII/ATF1 signaling pathway

Venkatesan, Ramu,Shim, Won-Sik,Yeo, Eui-Ju,Kim, Sun Yeou Elsevier Ireland Ltd 2017 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.198 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethno-pharmacological relevance</B></P> <P>Lactucopicrin is one of constitutes in <I>Cichorium intybus L,</I> which is commonly known as chicory in worldwide. It has been used for traditional usage such as antianalgesics, antidepressants and antihyperglycemics</P> <P><B>Aim of study</B></P> <P>We investigated the neurotrophin-mediated neuroprotective effect of lactucopicrin in <I>in vitro</I> and examined for the underlying mechanism.</P> <P><B>Materials and method</B></P> <P>To verify the neuroprotective effect of lactucopicrin, we investigated the inhibitory AChE activity, neurite outgrowth-related downstream signaling in murine neuroblastoma N2a and neurotrophins secretion in rat C6 glioma cells.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Lactucopicrin inhibited the AChE activity and increased intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> levels with a substantial rise in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (CHRM1) expression in N2a cells. Moreover, lactucopicrin actively promoted neurite outgrowth via Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-mediated activation of Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II (CaMKII). It further activates transcription factor 1 (ATF1) along with modulating the levels of tropomyosin receptor kinase A, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2, AKT, and synaptophysin 1 in N2a cells. Additionally, the levels of neurotrophins including NGF, BDNF, and NT3 were increased by treatment of lactucopicrin in C6 cells. The effects of lactucopicrin on NGF secretion and neuritogenesis were maintained even in the presence of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002, indicating that lactucopicrin exerts its effect on neuritogenesis in a PI3K-independent manner.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our results suggest that the natural compound lactucopicrin may be a promising neurotrophin-mediated neuroprotective candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A Prediction of Nutrition Water for Strawberry Production using Linear Regression

Venkatesan, Saravanakumar,Sathishkumar, VE,Park, Jangwoo,Shin, Changsun,Cho, Yongyun The Institute of Internet 2020 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.9 No.1

It is very important to use appropriate nutrition water for crop growth in hydroponic farming facilities. However, in many cases, the supply of nutrition water is not designed with a precise plan, but is performed in a conventional manner. We proposes a forecasting technique for nutrition water requirements based on a data analysis for optimal strawberry production. To do this, the proposed forecasting technique uses linear regression for correlating strawberry production, soil condition, and environmental parameters with nutrition water demand for the actual two-stage strawberry production soil. Also, it includes predicting the optimal amount of nutrition water requires according to the heterogeneous cultivation environment and variety by comparing the amount of nutrition water needed for the growth and production of different kinds of strawberries. We suggested study uses two types of section beds that are compared to find out the best section bed production of strawberry growth. The dataset includes 233 samples collected from a real strawberry greenhouse, and the four predicted variables consist of the total amounts of nutrition water, average temperature, humidity, and CO₂ in the greenhouse.

Dry and wet lab analysis on benzofused heterocyclic compounds as effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium

Venkatesan Hemapriya,Mayakrishnan Prabakaran,Kandasamy Parameswari,Subramaniyan Chitra,김승현,정일민 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.40 No.-

The influence of two benzofused heterocyclic compounds, namely 2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one(PQO)and 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[d]oxazin-4-one(POO) in controlling mild steel corrosion in 1 M H2SO4 solutionwas investigated using gravimetric and electrochemical methods. The experimental results revealedthat both the inhibitors inhibit corrosion and their inhibition efficiency follows the order PQO > POO. Amixed mode of inhibition from polarization and a charge transfer mechanism from impedance study inthe absence and presence of inhibitors were found. The passive film formed on the mild steel surface wascharacterized using SEM-EDX. Quantum chemical parameters derived using DFT performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) level were used to correlate the molecular structure.

Deoxyrhapontigenin, a Natural Stilbene Derivative Isolated From <i>Rheum undulatum</i> L. Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Mediated Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Venkatesan, Thamizhiniyan,Jeong, Min-Ji,Choi, Young-Woong,Park, Eun-Jin,El-Desouky, Samy Korany,Kim, Young-Kyoon SAGE Publications 2016 Integrative cancer therapies Vol.15 No.4

<P>Although current chemotherapeutic agents are active at the beginning of therapy, the most common risk is the development of resistance during later stages in almost all cancer types including breast cancer. Hence, investigation of novel drugs is still a priority goal for cancer treatment. The objective of the present study is to investigate the anticancer effect of a derivative of stilbene, deoxyrhapontigenin (DR) isolated from <I>Rheum undulatum</I> L. root extracts against the chemoresistant MCF-7/adr and its parental MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The morphological images indicate that DR induces an extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation in breast cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that DR treatment causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dilation and upregulated the expression of ER stress markers GRP78, IRE1α, eIF2α, CHOP, JNK, and p38. Subsequently, we also identified that DR increases the levels of apoptotic fragment of PARP (89 kDa) in breast cancer cells. Blocking the expression of one of the components of the ER stress–mediated apoptosis pathway, CHOP using siRNA significantly decreased DR-induced apoptotic cleavage of PARP. In summary, the present study suggests that the induction of ER stress–mediated apoptosis by DR may account for its cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cells.</P>

Low temperature hydrogen sensing using reduced graphene oxide and tin oxide nanoflowers based hybrid structure

Venkatesan, A,Rathi, Servin,Lee, In-Yeal,Park, Jinwoo,Lim, Dongsuk,Kim, Gil-Ho,Kannan, E S Institute of Physics 2016 Semiconductor science and technology Vol.31 No.12

<P>In this paper, we have demonstrated a low temperature hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) sensor based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and tin oxide nanoflowers (SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NFs) hybrid composite film. The addition of SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NFs into rGO solution inhibits irreversible restacking and agglomeration of rGO and increases the active surface area for interaction with H<SUB>2</SUB>. This rGO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NFs hybrid film sensor showed an excellent response to H<SUB>2</SUB> at 60 °C at 200 ppm with an improvement of 126% compared to pure rGO which was used as a control sample. The sensor also showed good response and recovery time in comparison to pure rGO film. The highly improved H<SUB>2</SUB> sensing characteristics of rGO-SnO<SUB>2</SUB> NFs hybrid are due to its (a) unique structural geometry that increased the surface area for H<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption, and (b) change in the width of depletion layer at the interface due to H<SUB>2</SUB> interaction.</P>

Decentralized Fault-tolerant Resilient Control for Fractional-order Interconnected Systems with Input Saturation

Venkatesan Nithya,Rathinasamy Sakthivel,Faris Alzahrani,마용기 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.11

This paper investigates the problem of robust decentralized fault-tolerant resilient control for fractionalorder large-scale interconnected uncertain system, and the problem considered here is subject to mixed H∞ and passivity performance constraint, external disturbances, controller perturbations and control input saturation. Based on the Lyapunov approach, the sufficient conditions are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities to ensure the asymptotic stabilization of the fractional-order large-scale system with a prespecified mixed H∞ and passivity performance index. The main objective of this work is to design a robust decentralized fault-tolerant resilient controller which compensates both actuator fault and input saturation in its design for obtaining the required result. Finally, a numerical example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the designed control law. The simulation results reveal that our proposed controller not only can effectively deal with actuator faults, but also has very good robustness for input saturation and external disturbances.

EP Based PSO Method for Solving Multi Area Unit Commitment Problem with Import and Export Constraints

Venkatesan, K.,Selvakumar, G.,Rajan, C. Christober Asir The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.2

This paper presents a new approach to solve the multi area unit commitment problem (MAUCP) using an evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization (EPPSO) method. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimal or near optimal commitment schedule for generating units located in multiple areas that are interconnected via tie lines. The evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization method is used to solve multi area unit commitment problem, allocated generation for each area and find the operating cost of generation for each hour. Joint operation of generation resources can result in significant operational cost savings. Power transfer between the areas through the tie lines depends upon the operating cost of generation at each hour and tie line transfer limits. Case study of four areas with different load pattern each containing 7 units (NTPS) and 26 units connected via tie lines have been taken for analysis. Numerical results showed comparing the operating cost using evolutionary programming-based particle swarm optimization method with conventional dynamic programming (DP), evolutionary programming (EP), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Experimental results show that the application of this evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization method has the potential to solve multi area unit commitment problem with lesser computation time.

Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide: highly sensitive and selective hydrogen sensor

Venkatesan, A,Rathi, Servin,Lee, In-yeal,Park, Jinwoo,Lim, Dongsuk,Kang, Moonshik,Joh, Han-Ik,Kim, Gil-Ho,Kannan, E S IOP Pub 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.36

<P>In this work, we report on the hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) sensing behavior of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) nano particles (NPs) based composite film. The RGO/MoS<SUB>2</SUB> composite exhibited a highly enhanced H<SUB>2</SUB> response (∼15.6%) for 200 ppm at an operating temperature of 60 °C. Furthermore, the RGO/MoS<SUB>2</SUB> composite showed excellent selectivity to H<SUB>2</SUB> with respect to ammonia (NH<SUB>3</SUB>) and nitric oxide (NO) which are highly reactive gas species. The composite’s response to H<SUB>2</SUB> is 2.9 times higher than that of NH<SUB>3</SUB> whereas for NO it is 3.5. This highly improved H<SUB>2</SUB> sensing response and selectivity of RGO/MoS<SUB>2</SUB> at low operating temperatures were attributed to the structural integration of MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles in the nanochannels and pores in the RGO layer.</P>

Pinus radiata bark extract induces caspase-independent apoptosis-like cell death in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

Venkatesan, T.,Choi, Y. W.,Mun, S. P.,Kim, Y. K. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Cell biology and toxicology Vol.32 No.5

<P>In the present study, we investigated the anticancer activity of Pinus radiata bark extract (PRE) against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. First, we observed that PRE induces potent cytotoxic effects in MCF-7 cells. The cell death had features of cytoplasmic vacuolation, plasma membrane permeabilization, chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization, absence of executioner caspase activation, insensitivity to z-VAD-fmk (caspase inhibitor), increased accumulation of autophagic markers, and lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Both the inhibition of early stage autophagy flux and lysosomal cathepsins did not improve cell viability. The antioxidant, n-acetylcysteine, and the iron chelator, deferoxamine, failed to restore the lysosomal integrity indicating that PRE-induced LMP is independent of oxidative stress. This was corroborated with the absence of enhanced ROS production in PRE-treated cells. Chelation of both intracellular calcium and zinc promotes PRE-induced LMP. Geranylgeranylacetone, an inducer of Hsp70 expression, also had no significant protective effect on PRE-induced LMP. Moreover, we found that PRE induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial membrane depolarization in MCF-7 cells. The ER stress inhibitor, 4-PBA, did not restore the mitochondrial membrane integrity, whereas cathepsin inhibitors demonstrated significant protective effects. Collectively, our results suggest that PRE induces an autophagic block, LMP, ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in MCF-7 cells. However, further studies are clearly warranted to explore the exact mechanism behind the anticancer activity of PRE in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.</P>