A self-adaptive population Rao algorithm for optimization of selected bio-energy systems

R. Venkata Rao,Hameer Singh Keesari 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1

This work proposes a metaphor-less and algorithm-specific parameter-less algorithm, named as self-adaptive population Rao algorithm, for solving the single-, multi-, and many-objective optimization problems. The proposed algorithm adapts the population size based on the improvement in the fitness value during the search process. The population is randomly divided into four sub-population groups. For each sub-population, a unique perturbation equation is randomly allocated. Each perturbation equation guides the solutions toward different regions of the search space. The performance of the proposed algorithm is examined using standard optimization benchmark problems having different characteristics in the single- and multi-objective optimization scenarios. The results of the application of the proposed algorithm are compared with those obtained by the latest advanced optimization algorithms. It is observed that the results obtained by the proposed method are superior. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is used to identify optimum design parameters through multi-objective optimization of a fertilizer-assisted microalgae cultivation process and many-objective optimization of a compression ignition biodiesel engine system. From the results of the computational tests, it is observed that the performance of the self-adaptive population Rao algorithm is superior or competitive to the other advanced optimization algorithms. The performances of the considered bio-energy systems are improved by the application of the proposed optimization algorithm. The proposed optimization algorithm is more robust and may be easily extended to solve single-, multi-, and many-objective optimization problems of different science and engineering disciplines.

Genetic Analysis of Sodium Content and Na/K Ratio in Relation to Salinity Tolerance in Pearl Millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Venkata, Arjuna Rao Palakollu,Kumari, Panda Kusuma,Dev, Tavva Surya Santosh Mohan,Rao, Muktinutalapati Venkata Subba,Manga, Vangury 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Genetic analysis of sodium and sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratios in leaf and stem was carried out through diallel analysis involving two tolerant, one moderately tolerant, and two sensitive genotypes as parents. Three-week-old seedlings were subjected to a critical level of salinization (17 decisiemens per meter of electrical conductivity). Leaf and stem sampling (from 5 parents and 20 hybrids arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of 10 each) was done 30 days after salinization when susceptible parents were severely effected. Predominance of non-additive gene action for stem sodium and dominance component for leaf Na/K were noticed while both additive and non-additive components played a significant role for stem Na/K. A single group of genes seems to be operative for these characters. Hybrids produced by crossing the two sensitive parents were tolerant suggesting genetic complementation and involvement of different loci in the two parents for salinity tolerance. The overall dominant nature of tolerance and the additive gene action for these salinity related characters suggested the possibility of breeding pearl millet lines through hybridization and selection to pyramid the favorable genes.

Genetic Analysis of Sodium Content and Na/K Ratio in Relation to Salinity Tolerance in Pearl Millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.

Arjuna Rao Palakollu Venkata,Panda Kusuma Kumari,Tavva Surya Santosh Mohan Dev,Muktinutalapati Venkata Subba Rao,Vangury Manga 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Genetic analysis of sodium and sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratios in leaf and stem was carried out through diallel analysis involving two tolerant, one moderately tolerant, and two sensitive genotypes as parents. Three-week-old seedlings were subjected to a critical level of salinization (17 decisiemens per meter of electrical conductivity). Leaf and stem sampling (from 5 parents and 20 hybrids arranged in a randomized block design with three replications of 10 each) was done 30 days after salinization when susceptible parents were severely effected. Predominance of non-additive gene action for stem sodium and dominance component for leaf Na/K were noticed while both additive and non-additive components played a significant role for stem Na/K. A single group of genes seems to be operative for these characters. Hybrids produced by crossing the two sensitive parents were tolerant suggesting genetic complementation and involvement of different loci in the two parents for salinity tolerance. The overall dominant nature of tolerance and the additive gene action for these salinity related characters suggested the possibility of breeding pearl millet lines through hybridization and selection to pyramid the favorable genes.

Effect of Supplementing Organic Selenium on Performance, Carcass Traits, Oxidative Parameters and Immune Responses in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Rao, Savaram Venkata Rama,Prakash, Bhukya,Raju, Mantena Venkata Laxmi Narasimha,Panda, Arun Kumar,Poonam, Saharia,Murthy, Orugonda Krishna Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.2

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing various concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ diet) of organic Se on growth performance, carcass traits, oxidative stress, and immune responses in commercial broiler chickens reared in open-sided poultry house under tropical climatic conditions. Each diet was fed ad libitum to eight replicates consisting of six birds in each pen from 1 to 42 d of age. Body weight gain and feed efficiency, and relative weight of liver, abdominal fat and ready to cook yields were not affected (p>0.05) by organic Se supplementation to broiler diets. Lipid peroxidation in plasma decreased, while activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in plasma increased (p<0.01) linearly with Se concentration in diet. The ratios between heterophyls and lymphocytes and relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen, and thymus), and antibody production to Newcastle disease vaccination were not affected (p>0.05) by Se supplementation to broiler diets. However, the cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte proliferation ratio) increased (p<0.01) linearly with dietary Se concentration. The results of the present study indicate that the supplementation of Se did not influence body weight and feed efficiency. However, supplementation of Se increased antioxidant status and lymphocyte proliferation in broiler chickens.

Finite element modeling and bending analysis of piezoelectric sandwich beam with debonded actuators

Rao, K. Venkata,Raja, S.,Munikenche, T. Techno-Press 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.13 No.1

The present work pays emphasis on investigating the effect of different types of debonding on the bending behaviour of active sandwich beam, consisting of both extension and shear actuators. An active sandwich beam finite element is formulated by using Timoshenko's beam theory, characterized by first order shear deformation for the core and Euler-Bernoulli's beam theory for the top and bottom faces. The problem of debondings of extension actuator and face are dealt with by employing four-region model for inner debonding and three-region model for the edge debonding respectively. Displacement based continuity conditions are enforced at the interfaces of different regions using penalty method. Firstly, piezoelectric actuation of healthy sandwich beam is assessed through deflection analysis. Then the effect of actuators' debondings with different boundary conditions on bending behavior is computationally evaluated and experimentally clamped-free case is validated. The results generated will be useful to address the damage tolerant design procedures for smart sandwich beam structures with structural control and health monitoring applications.

Optimum static balancing of a robot manipulator using TLBO algorithm

Rao, R. Venkata,Waghmare, Gajanan Techno-Press 2018 Advances in robotics research Vol.2 No.1

This paper presents the performance of Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm for optimum static balancing of a robot manipulator. Static balancing of robot manipulator is an important aspect of the overall robot performance and the most demanding process in any robot system to match the need for the production requirements. The average force on the gripper in the working area is considered as an objective function. Length of the links, angle between them and stiffness of springs are considered as the design variables. Three robot manipulator configurations are optimized. The results show the better or competitive performance of the TLBO algorithm over the other optimization algorithms considered by the previous researchers.

Effect of Gd Doping on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Cu-Zn-Fe$_2$O$_4$

P. Venkata Srinivasa Rao,T. Anjaneyulu,M. Rami Reddy 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.75 No.4

Ni$_{0.5}$Cu$_{0.25}$Zn$_{0.25}$Gd$_x$Fe$_{2-x}$O$_4$ ($x$ = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) ferrites were synthesized using an oxalic-based precursor method. A single phase Ni-Cu-Zn-Gd ferrite was observed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data except for higher Gd content. For $x$ = 0.1, a secondary phase due GdFe$_2$O$_3$ was observed. The particle size was observed to decrease and the lattice constant to increase with increasing Gd doping concentration. The IR spectra confirmed the existence of bands corresponding to spinel ferrites. The IR band positions were observed to shift towards higher positions with increasing Gd doping concentration. The saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanence magnetization were observed to increase as a result of Gd doping. The substitution of Gd ions in the place of Fe ions resulted in changes in the structural and magnetic properties due to replacement of smaller ionic radii Fe ions by larger ionic radii Gd ions.

Enhancement of performance and anti-oxidant variables in broiler chicken fed diets containing sub-optimal methionine level with graded concentrations of sulphur and folic acid

Savaram, Venkata Rama Rao,Mantena, Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Raju,Paul, Shyam Sunder,Devanaboyina, Nagalakshmi,Thota, Srilatha,Bhukya, Prakash,Ullengala, Rajkumar Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.5

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing graded concentrations of inorganic sulphur (S) without and with folic acid (FA) in maize-soybean meal diets on performance, slaughter and anti-oxidant variables, immune responses and serum protein fractions in broiler chicken. Methods: Inorganic S was supplemented at 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% alone or in combination with FA (4 mg/kg) in basal diet (BD) containing no supplemental methionine (Met) and FA. A control group was fed with the recommended concentration of Met. Each diet was offered to 10 pens of 5 male broiler chicks (Cobb 400) and fed ad libitum from day 1 to 42. Results: The broilers fed the BD had lower body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency (FE), higher lipid peroxidation (LP), lower activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), lower lymphocyte proliferation ratio (LPR), and reduced concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin in serum. Supplementation of FA and S to the BD improved the BWG (all concentrations of S) and FE (0.20% S) similar to the control group. Similarly, the combination of S and FA significantly improved the concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin in serum, reduced the LP and increased the activity of GSHPx and LPR. However, responses in the above parameters were related to the concentration of S in the diet. The slaughter variables and antibody titres against the Newcastle disease were not affected with the treatments. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is concluded that the combination of S (0.2%) and FA (4 mg/kg) improved the BWG and FE, similarly supplementation of these nutrients improved the concentration of protein fractions and reduced the stress (reduced LP and improved GSHPx) variables in serum and improved the cell mediated immune response (LPR) in broilers fed sub-optimal concentrations of Met in diet.

Finite element modeling and bending analysis of piezoelectric sandwich beam with debonded actuators

K. Venkata Rao,S. Raja,T. Munikenche Gowda 국제구조공학회 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.13 No.1

The present work pays emphasis on investigating the effect of different types of debonding on the bending behaviour of active sandwich beam, consisting of both extension and shear actuators. An active sandwich beam finite element is formulated by using Timoshenko’s beam theory, characterized by first order shear deformation for the core and Euler-Bernoulli’s beam theory for the top and bottom faces. The problemof debondings of extension actuator and face are dealt with by employing four-region model for inner debonding and three-region model for the edge debonding respectively. Displacement based continuity conditions are enforced at the interfaces of different regions using penalty method. Firstly, piezoelectric actuation of healthy sandwich beam is assessed through deflection analysis. Then the effect of actuators’ debondings with different boundary conditions on bending behavior is computationally evaluated and experimentally clamped-free case is validated. The results generated will be useful to address the damage tolerant design procedures for smart sandwich beam structures with structural control and health monitoring applications.

Prediction Based Cost Estimation Model Using Clusters

Subba Rao Peram,Dr. K. Venkata Rao,Dr. P. Suresh Varma 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.7

On some parameters Software cost estimation based on development and effort on the project. Every line of code and every method are important to estimate the cost of project. To develop the software project using well defined scientific principles, methods, statements and functions, though there are many costs estimation models are available to estimate the cost of project, but still there is lack of efficient system to predict the cost estimation based on size of project, functionality of project, methods of project. In the existing system cost estimation is done on the basis of lines of code, resource management, in time process. Because of various reasons in the existing system we have identified the drawbacks. In this paper, cost prediction model is defined based on clusters, the number of clusters will form the centroids. Each centroid has a specific number of clusters. Each cluster will be called as rule. In this paper, results will show the prediction of cost estimation is defined.