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Territorial distribution of the European objective for 2020 of reducing early school leaving
A. Tolón-Becerra,X. Lastra-Bravo,S. Fernández-Montero 한국교육개발원 2011 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.8 No.1
This paper proposes a nonlinear distribution method based on dynamic targets for reducing the early school leaving (ESL) population. The aim of this proposal is to provide policymakers with a new view in terms of transferring the EU-wide headline target to national targets. This methodology was applied to the 2010-2020 EU education target at two territorial levels. Weighting was based on the ESL rate, for the total population, by sex, and unemployment rate (for those 15-24 years of age). In addition, the proposed method was applied to the Lisbon Agenda goal. The results found underlining the need for decentralised weighted decisions to be made at different territorial levels, and a view to converging toward the common aim throughout the geographical area over time.
Cristiane Urcina Joanna Oliveira Lima,Cláudio Olavo de Almeida Cordova,Otávio de Tolêdo Nóbrega,Silvana Schwerz Funghetto,Margô Gomes de Oliveira Karnikowski 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.1
There has been a significant increase in the use of mushrooms for therapeutic and medicinal purposes, in particular, use of the species Agaricus blazei Murrill, a basidiomycota of Brazilian origin. The objective of this study was to identify scientific evidence regarding the influence of A. blazei Murrill on the immune system. We undertook an integrative review of indexed publications published between 2000 and 2009, using the following question as a guideline: “What evidence can be found in the literature regarding the influence of A. blazei Murrill on the immune system?” Fourteen studies verified that there is in vitro and in vivo research demonstrating this mushroom's influence on the immune system. All research was characterized as evidence level 7 (preclinical study [animals/in vitro]). The research shows that A. blazei Murrill functions through bioactive compounds via mechanisms that are not yet entirely clear, although it has been shown that they promote action on the innate and adaptive immunological response, activation of the complement system, and synthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and even aid in diapedesis. Despite broad scientific evidence demonstrating relevant immunomodulatory properties of A. blazei Murrill, randomized clinical trials with human subjects are still needed in order for the mushroom to be put into clinical practice.
Aghbabak Maheri,Roya Sadeghi,Davoud Shojaeizadeh,Azar Tol,Mehdi Yaseri,Mojtaba Ebrahimi 한국역학회 2016 Epidemiology and Health Vol.38 No.-
OBJECTIVES: A health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) is a factor that affects the quality of life (QoL) in patients with beta-thalassemia (β-thalassemia). Due to the lack of studies of this issue, this study aimed to determine the association between HPL and QoL among adults with β-thalassemia. METHODS: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was conducted among 389 adult patients with β-thalassemia in Tehran, Iran. The research instrument included a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic items, the Short-Form Health Survey and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. The results were considered significant at the conventional p<0.05 level. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 30.2±8.3 years. The mean score of the HPL dimensions was 127.28±21.53, and the mean score of the QoL domains was 61.44±23.38. The highest and the lowest mean scores of the HPL dimensions were found for spiritual growth (23.96±5.74) and physical activity (11.32±3.95), respectively. The QoL scores in all three domains (total, physical component summary score, and mental component summary score) were moderate. Health responsibility, physical activity, spiritual growth, and interpersonal relations were significant predictive factors of QoL in adults with β-thalassemia; these four dimensions explained 37.9% of the variance in QoL. CONCLUSIONS: QoL and HPL were not at acceptable levels among patients with thalassemia. Therefore, educational interventions emphasizing spiritual growth, physical activity, and interpersonal relations are necessary for patients with thalassemia.
Aghbabak Maheri,Roya Sadeghi,Davoud Shojaeizadeh,Azar Tol,Mehdi Yaseri,Alireza Rohban 대한가정의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.39 No.2
Background: Considering the high prevalence of depression and anxiety among thalassemia patients and the role of social support in preventing mental disorders, this study aimed to determine prevalence of depression, anxiety, and perceived social support (PSS) among adults with beta-thalassemia major.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with 389 adults with beta-thalassemia major. Data were col-lected via a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographic and medical information, the Persian version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale, and the Persian version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived So-cial Support. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) through analytical statis-tics (independent-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multilevel lin-ear regression), and the results less than 0.05 were considered to be significant.Results: The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and PSS of patients were 7.42±3.17, 7.47±4.35, and 41.8±8.64, re-spectively. Of 389 patients, 19.8% had depression and 23.7% had an anxiety disorder. Relationships of depression and anxiety with age, the level of education, job, and family income were statistically significant, as were those of PSS with age, thalassemia center, family income, job, and the level of education. PSS from family, friends, and sig-nificant others were the significant predictive factors of depression and anxiety among adult patients with beta-thalassemia major.Conclusion: Considering the PSS as a factor influencing the reduction in depression and anxiety in thalassemia pa-tients, social support from the social networks (spouse, family members, friends, and healthcare workers) should be integrated with interventions that are designed to improve the mental and physical health of thalassemia pa-tients.
Anomalous spin dynamics in the coupled spin tetramer systemCuSeO3
Lee, S.,Lee, W.-J.,van Tol, J.,Kuhns, P. L.,Reyes, A. P.,Berger, H.,Choi, K.-Y. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.95 No.5
<P>We report high-field magnetization, high-frequency electron spin resonance (ESR), and Se-77 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on the linear spin tetramer system CuSeO3, consisting of strongly interacting Cu(1) dimers and weakly coupled Cu(2) spins. The magnetization exhibits anisotropic half-step magnetization plateaus at mu H-0 = 45 T, depending on a crystallographic orientation. A temperature dependence of the ESR linewidth Delta H-pp in a paramagnetic phase points towards the significance of anisotropic exchange interactions. Below T-N = 9-10 K long-range magnetic order is evidenced by the observation of a critical divergence of both Delta H-pp(T) and the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1. In addition, we identify a magnetic anomaly at T* = 6.0(5) K below T-N, which is caused by a spin reorientation. The nuclear spin-spin relaxation rate 1/T-2 unveils the development of site-specific spin correlations. The intriguing magnetism of CuSeO3 is discussed in terms of the energy hierarchy of Cu(1) and Cu(2) spins in concert with additional intertetramer interactions.</P>
Tail-effect and the role of greenhouse gas emissions control
( In Chang Hwang ),( Richard S. J. Tol ),( Marjan W. Hofkes ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2014 한국환경경제학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.하계
This paper investigates the role of emissions control on reducing the effect of fat-tailed uncertainty about climate change. Through a simple analysis on temperature distributions and some numerical simulations using the well-known Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (DICE model), we find that the option for emissions control effectively prevents the tail-effect. Climate policy based on hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility is less sensitive to fat tails than climate policy based on constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) utility.
ACTIVE LEARNING AND OPTIMAL CLIMATE POLICY
( In Chang Hwang ),( Richard S. J. Tol ),( Marjan W. Hofkes ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2015 한국환경경제학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.하계
This paper develops a climate-economy model with uncertainty, irreversibility and active learning. Whereas previous papers assume passive learning from one observation per period, or experiment with control variables to gain additional information, this paper considers active learning from research investment in improved observations. We restrict ourselves to improving observations of the global mean temperature. We find that the decision maker invests a significant amount of money in climate research, far more than the current level, in order to increase the rate of learning about climate change. This helps the decision maker take improved decisions. The level of uncertainty decreases more rapidly in the active learning model with research investment than in the passive learning model only with temperature observations. As a result, active learning reduces the optimal carbon tax. The greater the risk, the larger is the effect of learning. The method proposed here is applicable to any dynamic control problem where the quality of monitoring is a choice variable.
Coexistence of localized and collective magnetism in the coupled-spin-tetrahedra systemCu4Te5O12Cl4
Choi, Kwang-Yong,Do, Seunghwan,Lemmens, Peter,van Tol, Johan,Shin, Jiseon,Jeon, Gun Sang,Skourski, Yurii,Rhyee, Jong-Soo,Berger, Helmuth American Physical Society 2014 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.90 No.18