Superior tribology property of zinc phosphate impregnated graphite block at high-temperature oxidative friction

Xu Yuxuan,Tu Chuanjun,Liu Yanli,Liu Ping,Chen Gang,Tan Jiao,Xiong Wei,He Yubo,Liang Shilin,Ma Qingchun 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.5

High-temperature friction performances of graphite blocks (GBs) and zinc phosphate impregnated graphite blocks (IGBs) were evaluated under various friction temperatures. The surface of IGB exhibited extremely lower average friction coefficient values, that was 0.007 at 400 °C and 0.008 at 450 °C, in comparison to that of GB (0.13 at 400 °C and 0.16 at 450 °C, respectively). The worn surface of IGB in the high-temperature friction test was smoother and more complete than that of GB. The wear under high temperature and load caused the transformation of zinc pyrophosphate to zinc metaphosphate and the formation of a continuous large-area boundary lubrication layer combined with graphite and metallic element on the wear surface. The superior tribology property of IGB could be attributed to the digestion of iron oxides by tribo-chemical reactions and passivation of the exposed dangling covalent bonds. Specifically, the layered structure generated on the IGB wear interface effectively decreased the adhesive forces and prevented the surface from serious damage.

Tunable paclitaxel release carrier using diselenide-disulfide balance as regulator

Jingwen Xu,Xiangji Yan,Yue Zhang,Kangsheng Tu,Wen Shen,Zhaoqing Tian,Guoliang Li,Wei Zhao,Mingzhen Zhang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-

There are many reasons that lead to the failure of cancer chemotherapy, such as uncontrolled drugrelease, low drug utilization, and severe side effects. To overcome these obstacles, two kinds of thermaland redox-responsive copolymers with multiple diselenide/disulfide linkages, polyethylene glycol -altdiselenodipropionate/disulfhydryldipropionate-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (abbreviated as PEG-alt-DSeDP-b-PNIPAM and PEG-alt-DSDP-b-PNIPAM) were fabricated by alternative esterification and followingatom transfer radical polymerization. Afterward, these prepared copolymers were mixed in line withthe mass ratio of 8:0, 5:3, 3:5, 0:8 (denoted as S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively), and self-assembled withpaclitaxel (PTX) to obtain PTX-loaded S1, S2, S3, and S4 nanomicellar assemblies, aiming to realize PTXtunable release using diselenide-disulfide balance as regulator. The chemical structures of these twocopolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, indicating eight diselenide/disulfidelinkages and eight PEG units were contained in these copolymers. Moreover, the thermal-responsiveproperty was detected by UV–vis spectroscopy, meanwhile, the redox responsiveness was observed byTEM in the presence of 10 mM glutathione. We found that 76.90% of PTX was released from S1 nanomicelleswithin 23 h. In contrast, this percentage decreased to 64.53% for S4 nanomicelles even the incubationtime prolonged, indicating explosive and slow release behaviors of S1 and S4 nanomicelles,respectively. In addition, gradually decreased fluorescence intensity around the cellular nucleus wasoccurred from S1 to S4 orderly, which was consistent with cellular uptake and in vivo anti-tumor experiments. Taken together, this work not only provides a strategy for tunable PTX release, but also improveseffectiveness of PTX in cancer treatment.

Net Phosphorus Requirements of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han Crossbred Ram Lambs

Ji, Shoukun,Xu, Guishan,Jiang, Chenggang,Deng, Kaidong,Tu, Yan,Zhang, Naifeng,Ma, Tao,Lou, Can,Diao, Qiyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.9

A comparative slaughter trial was conducted to estimate the phosphorus (P) requirement for maintenance and growth of crossbred lambs of Dorper with a Chinese indigenous sheep breed, thin-tailed Han sheep. Thirty-five Dorper${\times}$thin-tailed Han crossbred, noncastrated ram lambs ($20.3{\pm}0.22kg$ of shrunk body weight (SBW)) were used. Seven lambs were randomly chosen and slaughtered at 20 kg SBW as the baseline group for measuring initial body composition. Another seven lambs were also randomly chosen and offered a pelleted mixed diet for ad libitum intake and slaughtered at 28 kg SBW. The remaining 21 sheep were randomly divided into 3 groups with 7 sheep each and subject to the same diet of either 70 or 40% of ad libitum intake. The 3 groups were slaughtered when the sheep fed ad libitum reached 35 kg of SBW. Body P contents were determined after slaughter. The results showed that the net P requirement for maintenance was 30.0 mg/kg of empty body weight (EBW) or 23.4 mg/kg body weight (BW), and the P requirement for growth decreased from 5.3 to 5.0 g/kg of EBW gain as the lamb grew from 20 to 35 kg. The net P requirement for growth of Dorper${\times}$thin-tailed Han crossbred ram lambs was lower than that of sheep adopted by the American nutritional system.

Control Strategy and Characteristic Analysis of Hybrid Active Power Filters with the Resonant Impedance Principle

Fang, Lu,Xu, Xian-Yong,Luo, An,Li, Yan,Tu, Chun-Ming,Fang, Hou-Hui The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.6

A new kind of resonant impedance type hybrid active filter (RITHAF) is proposed for dynamic harmonic current suppression and high capacity reactive compensation in medium and high voltage systems. This paper analyzed the different performance of the RITHAF when the active part of the RITHAF is controlled as a current source and as a voltage source, respectively. The harmonic suppression function is defined in this paper. The influences of the changes caused by the grid impedance and the detuning of the passive power filter on the compensating characteristics of the RITHAF are studied by analyzing the suppression function. Simulation and industrial application results show that the RITHAF has excellent performances in harmonic suppression and reactive compensation, which is suitable for medium and high voltage systems.

Control Strategy and Characteristic Analysis of Hybrid Active Power Filters with the Resonant Impedance Principle

Lu Fang,Xian-yong Xu,An Luo,Yan Li,Chun-ming Tu,Hou-hui Fang 전력전자학회 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.6

A new kind of resonant impedance type hybrid active filter (RITHAF) is proposed for dynamic harmonic current suppression and high capacity reactive compensation in medium and high voltage systems. This paper analyzed the different performance of the RITHAF when the active part of the RITHAF is controlled as a current source and as a voltage source, respectively. The harmonic suppression function is defined in this paper. The influences of the changes caused by the grid impedance and the detuning of the passive power filter on the compensating characteristics of the RITHAF are studied by analyzing the suppression function. Simulation and industrial application results show that the RITHAF has excellent performances in harmonic suppression and reactive compensation, which is suitable for medium and high voltage systems.

The Efficacy of Aspirin in Preventing the Recurrence of Colorectal Adenoma: a Renewed Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Zhao, Tai-Yun,Tu, Jing,Wang, Yin,Cheng, Da-Wei,Gao, Xian-Kui,Luo, Hao,Yan, Bi-Chun,Xu, Xiao-Li,Zhang, Hong-Ling,Lu, Xing-Jun,Wang, Yao-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5

Background: Through search the possible randomized control trials, we make a renewed meta-analysis in order to assess the impact of aspirin in preventing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma. Materials and Methods: The Medicine/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) databases were searched for the related randomized controlled trials until to the April 2016. Three different authors respectively evaluated the quality of studies and extracted data, and we used the STATA software to analyze, investigate heterogeneity between the data, using the fixed-effects model to calculate and merge data. Results: 7 papers were included the renewed meta-analysis, among these studies, two pairs were identified as representing the same study population, with the only difference being the duration of follow-up. Thus there were only five papers included our meta-analysis, and one Chinese paper were also included the work. Results were categorized by the length of follow-up, different kinds of people, varied dose of oral aspirin. The relative of adenoma in patients taking aspirin vs placebo were 0.73 (95% CI 0.55-0.98, P=0.039) with 1 year follow up; 0.84 (95% CI 0.72-0.98, P=0.484) with greater than 1 year follow up; for the advanced adenoma, the RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.49-0.94, P=0.582),for one year; RR=0.75 (95% CI 0.52-1.07, P=0.552) for greater one year. Furthermore the white population could divided into two subgroups according to the different length of follow-up time. When the length of follow-up time less than 3-year, The RR of two subgroups respective were RR=0.86 (95% CI 0.76-0.98, P=0.332), $I^2=0%$, RR=0.68 (95% CI 0.47-0.98, P=0.552), $I^2=64.6%$, But with the extension of follow-up time greater than 2-year, with the white, oral aspirin without considering dose had no efficacy on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma, the RR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.71-1.05, P=0.302), $I^2=16.4%$. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that oral aspirin is associated with a remarkable decrease in the recurrence of any adenoma and advanced adenomas in patients follow-up for 1 year without concerning the dose of aspirin, but with the extension of follow-up time for greater than 1 year, oral aspirin can be effective on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma, but for the advanced adenoma, the result indicated that oral aspirin had no efficacy, According to the inclusion of ethnic groups, we also divided relevant papers into two subgroups as the yellow and white group. Then the follow-up time was less than 3 years, oral aspirin without considering the dose, had an significant efficacy on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma. But with the follow-up greater than 2 years, oral aspirin had no effect in the white.

The Limiting Sequence and Proper Ratio of Lysine, Methionine and Threonine for Calves Fed Milk Replacers Containing Soy Protein

Wang, Jianhong,Diao, Qiyu,Tu, Yan,Zhang, Naifeng,Xu, Xiancha Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.2

The limiting sequence and relative ratio of lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), and threonine (Thr) for calves about 2 mo of age fed milk replacers (MR) containing soy protein are not clearly defined. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of supplementing MR containing 22% CP, half from soy protein concentrate (SPC, 40.56% CP, flour) and half from whey proteins, with Lys, Met, and Thr to estimate amino acid (AA) sequence and their relative ratio for calves about 2 mo of age. A method of partial deduction of AA was adopted. Twenty-four newborn calves (half males and half females, $40.7{\pm}0.9$ kg of BW) were fed 1 of 4 MR diets for 56 d (n = 6/diet). The diets were supplemented with all (positive control) or with 2 of the 3 AAs: Lys, Met and Thr, (i.e., PC (22% CP, 2.34% Lys, 0.72% Met and 1.80% Thr), PC-Lys (22% CP, 1.64% Lys, 0.72% Met and 1.80% Thr), PC-Met (22% CP, 2.34% Lys, 0.50% Met and 1.80% Thr), and PC-Thr (22% CP, 2.34% Lys, 0.72% Met and 1.26% Thr)). Calves were fed thrice daily; starter (20% CP, 1.03% Lys, 0.30% Met and 0.69% Thr), hay (3.23% CP, 0.29% Lys, 0.12% Met and 0.23% Thr) and water were offered free choice. Starter and hay were only offered beginning on d 36 (after 5 wk) and d 43 (after 6 wk), respectively. BW, body size and blood samples measures were taken every two weeks. Three-day total collection of feed refusals, feces, and urine were recorded starting at d 33 and d 54 of age, respectively. From the results, the limiting sequence and relative ratio between the 3 AAs in calves with different diet structures were calculated. The limiting sequence of the 3 AAs were ranked as Lys, Met and Thr; the proper ratio was 100:29:70 for MR-only diet and 100:30:60 for diets consisted of MR, starter and hay. Nitrogen digestion and utilization and nutrient digestibility were negatively affected by AA deletion treatments. From the evidence of this experiment, it did not appear that the AA limiting sequence was selectively altered by differences in diet structures such as would be encountered in practice. The relative ratio between the 3 AAs varied with the offer of starter and hay to calves, and the average ratio was 100:29.5:65 for calves during 2 to 10 wk of age.

Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera L. silage on blood biochemical parameters, growth performance, meat amino acids and fatty acids compositions in beef cattle

Tao, Hui,Si, Bingwen,Xu, Wencai,Tu, Yan,Diao, Qiyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera L. (B. papyrifera) silage on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, meat quality, and meat amino acids and fatty acids compositions in beef cattle. Methods: Sixty-four male Angus beef cattle were assigned to 4 groups with 4 pens in each group and 4 beef cattle in each pen, and fed with the total mixed ration supplemented with 0%, 5%, 10%, or 15% B. papyrifera silage for 100 days (control group, 5% group, 10% group and 15% group) separately. Results: Beef cattle had significantly higher final body weight (BW) in 15% group, higher average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI) in 5% group, 10% group and 15% group, and higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) in 10% group and 15% group. Significantly higher blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration was noted in 15% group, higher blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 10% group and 15% group, lower 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in 15% group. Meat had lower pH in 15% group, higher Commission International DeI'Eclairage (CIE) L^⋆ in 5% group, 10% group, and 15% group, and lower drip loss in 15% group. Greater concentration of meat polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was observed in 10% group and 15% group, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in 15% group. Conclusion: Diet with 15% B. papyrifera silage could improve performance and increase final BW, ADG, DMI, and FCR, enhance the antioxidant functions by decreasing blood 8-OHdG and MDA and increasing blood SOD and TAC, improve the meat quality by lowing pH and drip loss and increasing CIE L^⋆, increase the meat PUFA and DHA concentration. Polyphenols and flavonoids might be the main components responsible for the antioxidant activity and anti-biohydrogenation in the B. papyrifera silage. And B. papyrifera silage could be used as a new feedstuff in beef cattle nutrition.

Steering Coacervation by a Pair of Broad-Spectrum Regulators

Yang, Shenyu,Li, Bo,Wu, Chunxian,Xu, Weiwei,Tu, Mei,Yan, Yun,Huang, Jianbin,Drechsler, Markus,Granick, Steve,Jiang, Lingxiang American Chemical Society 2019 ACS NANO Vol.13 No.2

<P>Coacervation is liquid-liquid phase separation ubiquitous in industrial applications and cellular biology. Inspired by cellular manipulation of coacervate droplets such as P granules, we report here a regulatory strategy to manipulate synthetic coacervation in a spatiotemporally controllable manner. Two oppositely charged small molecules are shown to phase separate into coacervate droplets in water as a result of electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic effect, and entropy. We identify a down regulator, β-cyclodextrin, to disrupt the hydrophobic effect, thus dissolving the droplets, and an up regulator, amylase, to decompose β-cyclodextrin, thus restoring the droplets. The regulation kinetics is followed in real time on a single-droplet level, revealing diffusion-limited dissolution and reaction-limited condensation, respectively, taking ∼4 s and 2-3 min. Versatility of this strategy to manipulate the coacervation is demonstrated in two aspects: spatially distributed coacervation in virtue of amylase-grafted hydrogel frameworks and coacervate transportation across membranes and hydrogel networks <I>via</I> a disassemble-to-pass strategy. The current regulatory pairs and strategies are anticipated to be general for a wide variety of synthetic self-assembly systems.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

PRECURSORS-DECOMPOSITED SYNTHESIS AND VISIBLE-LIGHT-RESPONSE PHOTOCATALYSTIC PROPERTIES OF UNIFORM POROUS Bi 2 O 3 NANOSPHERES

XIAOLI SUN,JIANGGUO GUAN,WEIDONG SHI,HAO TU,LEILEI XU,YAN YAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.6

The Bi 2 O 3 sphere-like precursors were ¯rst synthesized through a simple hydrothermal reactionin the mixture of sodium cholate (SC) and hydrogen peroxide. Thermal decomposition of theseprecursors would result in the formation of the uniform porous Bi 2 O 3 nanospheres with diametersof ca. 80 nm in air at 500?C. The amount of added H 2 O 2 and the reaction time were found to playimportant roles in the formation of Bi 2 O 3 sphere-like precursors. The as-prepared porous Bi 2 O 3nanospheres exhibited a very excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamineB (RB) and methyl blue (MB) dyes under visible-light irradiation, which could be attributed totheir narrow band gap and high surface area.