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The Rolling-Sliding Friction of Rubber and the Behavior of Contact Area
Y. UCHIYAMA,N. MONDEN,T. MIYAO,T. IWAI 한국트라이볼로지학회 2002 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.10
Rolling-sliding friction was investigated for three SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) specimens including silica-tilled. HAF carbon black-tilled, and SAF carbon black-tilled SBR. When a rubber wheel was rolled against a glass disk, the coefficient of friction varied with the slip ratios. The coefficient of friction for the silica-tilled SBR showed the highest value of the rubber specimens examined under various slip ratios. The contact areas of silica-filled SBR were larger than those of the carbon black-filled SBRs, as indicated the modulus of the silica-tilled SBR showing the lowest value. The contact area during rolling-sliding friction was always smaller than those during the static contact. The friction force at the unit contact area for the silica-filled SBR under braking and driving was higher than those of carbon black-filled SBRs.
Howells, Calvyn T.,Saylan, Sueda,Kim, Haeri,Marbou, Khalid,Aoyama, Tetsua,Nakao, Aiko,Uchiyama, Masanobu,Samuel, Ifor D. W.,Kim, Dong-Wook,Dahlem, Marcus S.,André,, Pascal The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.33
<P>Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used to build optoelectronic devices. However, as a hygroscopic water-based acidic material, it brings major concerns for stability and degradation, resulting in an intense effort to replace it in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. In this work, we focus on the perfluorinated ionomer (PFI) polymeric additive to PEDOT:PSS. We demonstrate that it can reduce the relative amplitude of OPV device burn-in, and find two distinct regimes of influence. At low concentrations there is a subtle effect on wetting and work function, for instance, with a detrimental impact on the device characteristics, and above a threshold it changes the electronic and device properties. The abrupt threshold in the conducting polymer occurs for PFI concentrations greater than or equal to the PSS concentration and was revealed by monitoring variations in transmission, topography, work-function, wettability and OPV device characteristics. Below this PFI concentration threshold, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OPVs based on poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) are impaired largely by low fill-factors due to poor charge extraction. Above the PFI concentration threshold, we recover the PCE before it is improved beyond the pristine PEDOT:PSS layer based OPV devices. Supplementary to the performance enhancement, PFI improves OPV device stability and lifetime. Our degradation study leads to the conclusion that PFI prevents water from diffusing to and from the hygroscopic PEDOT:PSS layer, which slows down the deterioration of the PEDOT:PSS layer and the aluminum electrode. These findings reveal mechanisms and opportunities that should be taken into consideration when developing components to inhibit OPV degradation.</P>
Electronic state of MgB2 superconductor
S.Tajima,T.Masui,H.Uchiyama,J.W.Quilty,Yu.Eltsev,S.Lee,A.Yamamoto,H.Mori 한국물리학회 2002 Current Applied Physics Vol.2 No.4
Thanks to the high quality single crystals of MgB2, we have measured various physical properties to extract important features ofthe electronic state in this superconductor. The electron density maps calculated from a precise X-ray diraction analysis and theband dispersions determined by the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy demonstrate that the boron orbitals play a centraldicated in resistivity and Raman scattering spectra. Although the multi-band structure signicantly aects various normal stateproperties, no clear multi-gap feature can be observed in the Raman scattering spectra belowTc.. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.