"찬도방론맥결집성(纂圖方論脈訣集成)"에 관한 연구(硏究)

장용우,백상용,정창현,Jang, Ryong-Woo,Back, Sang-Ryong,Jung, Chang-Hyun 한국한의학연구원 2003 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.9 No.1

In Korean traditional medicine, there are 4 major diagnoses. They are 'Mang (Watching)', 'Mun (Listening)', 'Mun (Asking)', and 'Jeul (Touching)'. These ways are closely related to each other. Among the four, 'Jeul' is the most famous one because it is the final way of checking the pulse for the cure. Pulse checking has been used as an essential way of diagnosis, but there are some difficulties in doing so in the business matter. To overcome these problems the theories should be studied profoundly and heterogeneously. More importantly, these endeavors must be pursued on the basis that pulse-checking must be. done along with other diagnostic ways to diagnose more precisely and practically. Therefore, I want to study and analyze the pragmatic ways to help the business field. Wang Suk-Hua(王叔和) arranged the methods and theories of 'pulse-checking' that was used before Nea-kyung. The book is called Maek-kyung. But this is too complicated to use in the field. As a result Maek-kyul(脈訣) which is made of songs that help to memorize and practice was gain more popularity than the ${\lceil}$Maekkyung(脈經)${\rfloor}$ itself. But the songs are so simple and compact that the offsprings annotated this book again and made books consist of these annotations. Among these books ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$(1349) which was written in Won(元) dynasty was imported to Cho-sun(Korea) and used as the most important book on pulse-checking. So I will study ${\lceil}$Maekkyul(脈訣)${\rfloor}$ which contains the essence of ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$. And I will also study ${\lceil}$Dojumaekkyul(圖註脈訣)${\rfloor}$ and ${\lceil}$Maekkyulyouhae(脈結乳解)${\rfloor}$ as conference. The former, written by Jang-sae-hyun(張世賢), contains narrative paintings and prescriptions according to pulses. And the latter, written by Wang Bang-bu(王邦傅), contains criticism of earlies annotations along with his own theory. ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ was chosen as a text book of medical examination according to ${\lceil}$Kyungkukdaejun(經國大典)${\rfloor}$ and had been used during Cho-sun, dynasty after closely corrected by Heo Jun(許浚). It means, during Cho-sun Dynasty, everyone who wants to become doctor had studied pulse-checking through this book, and also means Cho-sun medicine emphasizes practicality. This book and the pulse-checking part of ${\lceil}$Dongeibogam(東醫寶鑑)${\rfloor}$, which published later, made the main frame of pulse-checking during Cho'sun Dynasty. As above, studing ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ which was major textbook of pulse-checking in Cho-sun, helps to study pulse checking itself as an important way of diagnosis in Korean traditional medicine. And more than that it helps us to understand. the. practical development of pulse-checking dyring Cho-sun dynasty. With these reasons I studied ${\lceil}$Chandobangronmaekkyulgipsung(纂圖方論脈訣集成)${\rfloor}$ conferring ${\lceil}$Dojumaekkyul(圖註脈訣)${\rfloor}$ and ${\lceil}$Maekkyulyouhae(脈結乳解)${\rfloor}$ to understand ${\lceil}$Maekyung(脈經)${\rfloor}$ which is practical book of pulse-checking. During so I got some achievements and I report it as. follows.

행우서옥본(杏雨書屋本)『황제내경태소(黃帝內經太素)』 권(卷)21, 권(卷)27의 출간(出刊) 의의(意義)와 그 내용에 대한 고찰(考察)

김종현 ( Jong Hyun Kim ),백유상 ( You Sang Baik ),장우창 ( Woo Chang Jang ),정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2011 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.24 No.5

『Hwangjenaegyeong-taeso(黃帝內經太素)』 is a classic work of Yang Sang-seon(楊上善), which comprises original articles of 『Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)』 along with 『Somun(素問)』, 『Yeongchu (靈樞)』, and 『gapeul(甲乙)』, as a one of the oldest annotated publications. Therefore, its significance lies in that 『Hwangjenaegyeong-taeso(黃帝內經太素)』 is a valuable work to reconstruct the original text of 『Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)』 and comprehend its fundamental ideas. The only printed edition of 『Hwangjenaegyeong-taeso(黃帝內經太素)』 was photocopied in 1981, and is currently known as ``Orient Edition``. While ``Orient Edition`` was referred to as the draft for the latest revised edition, volume 21 and 27 were photocopied from hand-copied edition, not the original. The original publications of ``Orient Edition`` have been stocked at ``Haengwuseook(杏雨書屋)`` of Japan and were recently published. Hence, a comparative study between the two original volumes and the former ones has been conducted. Although the most of the differences were trivial, some may have led to distorted interpretation of the text. The errors of the former revised edition fall into a few specific categories, and the most significant ones were errors that were made during the hand-copying procedure. Moreover, there were errors that were made due to the low resolution of the former draft, and simple errors during the publishing. In this work, examples of such cases were presented, and the results were collected.

Biomimetic Artificial Cortical Bone with Aligned Microstructure Formed by a Combination of Multi-Extrusion and Rolling Processes

Jang, Dong Woo,Sakar, Swapan Kumar,Kim, Min Sung,Min, Yong Ki,Song, Ho Yeon,Lee, Byong Taek Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2010 Materials science forum Vol.654 No.-

<P>The HAp-(t-ZrO2) ceramic composites with mimetic osteon microstructures were fabricated to investigate the technical feasibility of fabricating natural bone mimetics by a combination of multi-extrusion and rolling processes. The HAp and graphite powders were mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate and stearic acid using a shear mixer, and the mixture was extruded by the multi-extrusion process to create filaments. A HAp sheet was prepared by a rolling process. The HAp filaments and carbon filaments were arranged one by one on the HAp sheet, and the system was rolled to form a mimetic osteon microstructure. Burning out and sintering processes were performed for removal of the organic binder and graphite and for densification. The pore diameter and core of the mimetic osteon microstructure were approximately 50μm and 150μm, respectively. The porosity and bending strength were approximately 60% and 177MPa, respectively in the sample sintered at 1450°C.</P>

Impact of Circulating TGF-β and IL-10 on T Cell Cytokines in Patients with Asthma and Tuberculosis

Jang, An-Soo,Park, Sung-Woo,Ahn, Mi-Hyun,Park, Jong-Sook,Kim, Do-Jin,Lee, June-Hyuk,Park, Choon-Sik The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2006 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.21 No.1

<P>Regulatory T cells, which stimulate or inhibit the effector functions of distinct T cell subsets, are critical in the control of the immune response. We investigated the effect of TGF-β and IL-10 on T cell subsets according to the Th1/Th2 immune status. Sixty-two patients with asthma and 38 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included. Allergy skin tests, tuberculin tests, and chest radiography were performed. The levels of circulating IL-4, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and IL-10 were measured using ELISA. The level of TGF-β1 was higher in patients with asthma than in those with tuberculosis, but the IL-10 levels were the same between the asthma and tuberculosis groups. Atopy was unrelated to the tuberculin response. The IFN-γ level was correlated with the IL-10 level, and the level of IL-4 was unrelated to the IL-10 or TGF-β1 level. The level of IL-10 was higher in the negative tuberculin reactors than in the positive tuberculin reactors among patients with asthma, and TGF-β1 was higher in the positive tuberculin reactors than in the negative tuberculin reactors among patients with tuberculosis. These results demonstrate that the regulatory effects of circulating TGF-β and IL-10 on T cell cytokines may be different between Th2-type asthma and Th1 tuberculosis.</P>

Analysis of Trapped Charges in Dopant-Segregated Schottky Barrier-Embedded FinFET SONOS Devices

Sung-Jin Choi,Jin-Woo Han,Moongyu Jang,Yang-Kyu Choi IEEE 2009 IEEE electron device letters Vol.30 No.10

<P>The aim of this letter is to analyze the spatial distribution of trapped charges in the type of dopant-segregated Schottky barrier (DSSB)-embedded FinFET SONOS devices used in NAND-type flash memory. Due to localized programming by carrier injection with extra kinetic energy, the spatial distribution of electrons trapped in an O/N/O layer of a DSSB SONOS device after a short time of programming differs from that in an O/N/O layer of a conventional SONOS device, which results in the degradation of subthreshold slope (SS). Note that the degraded SS recovers as the program time increases. The measured and simulated data confirm that the high speed of the programming is due largely to the localized trapped charges injected from DSSB source/drain junctions.</P>

Case of Pyomyositis Due to Mycobacterium haemophilum in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Jang, E.-Y.,Lee, S.-O.,Choi, S.-H.,Sung, H.,Kim, M.-N.,Kim, B.-J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y. S.,Woo, J. H. American Society for Microbiology 2007 Journal of clinical microbiology Vol.45 No.11

Autologous Serum Skin Test for Autoantibodies Is Associated with Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Patients with Asthma

Jang, An-Soo,Park, Jong-Sook,Lee, June-Hyuk,Park, Sung-Woo,Kim, Do-Jin,Park, Choon-Sik S. Karger AG 2007 Respiration Vol.74 No.3

<P><I>Background:</I> Autoimmune diseases have been implicated as a cause of intrinsic asthma; however, there is little data on the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of asthma. <I>Objective:</I> The purpose of this study was to investigate circulating functional autoantibodies against the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI or IgE in patients with asthma. <I>Methods:</I> Twenty-eight patients with asthma and 19 control subjects were included. All subjects were skin tested with autologous serum to assess for the potential presence of receptor FcεRI or IgE autoantibodies. If the serum-induced wheal diameter was 1.5 mm larger than the histamine-induced wheal diameter and that was 3 mm larger than the saline-induced wheal diameter at 30 min, the reaction was defined positive. <I>Results:</I> Of the 47 total subjects (both asthma patients and control subjects), 13 (27.7%) had a positive autologous serum skin test (ASST). Of the 28 asthma patients, 8 (28.6%) were regarded as having autoimmune origin. Autoantibodies against FcεRI or IgE were found in asthma patients, irrespective of atopic status (atopy+ 3/13 vs. atopy- 5/15). The wheal diameter related to ASST was not related to atopy. Asthma patients with ASST-positive results as compared with patients with ASST-negative results exhibited a significant increased airway hyperresponsiveness (PC<SUB>20</SUB> methacholine, 2.70 ± 1.27 vs. 9.08 ± 2.35; p < 0.026). <I>Conclusion:</I> Our data demonstrate that aberrant autoantibodies against the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI or IgE are related to airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with asthma.</P><P>Copyright © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Fabrication of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Thin Films by Vapor-Phase Polymerization for Optoelectronic Device Applications

Jang, Keon-Soo,Eom, Yong-Sung,Lee, Tae-Woo,Kim, Dong O.,Oh, Yong-Soo,Jung, Hyun-Chul,Nam, Jae-Do American Chemical Society 2009 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.1 No.7

<P>The vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was achieved successfully as an alternative method to conventional solution-based thin film fabrication. Using Fe(III)Cl(3).6H(2)O, a spontaneous reaction of 3-hexylthiophene monomers resulted in the rapid formation of conducting P3HT thin films directly on substrates, such as glass, indium-tin-oxide, and poly(ethylene terephthalate), at thicknesses ranging from 50 to 1000 nm. The VPP of P3HT was achieved using ferric chloride hexahydrate and a 1:1 ratio of a methanol/ethanol mixture as the solvent system. The developed VPP technique can provide good processing consistency with an electrical conductivity, a transmittance, and a surface roughness of approximately 10(-2) S/cm, >90%, and <10 nm, respectively.</P>

Fabrication of Nonsintered Alumina-Resin Hybrid Films by Inkjet-Printing Technology

Jang, Hun Woo,Kim, Jihoon,Kim, Hyo-tae,Yoon, Youngjoon,Lee, Sung-nam,Hwang, Haejin,Kim, Jonghee IOP Publishing 2010 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.49 No.r7

Risk factor analysis for predicting vertebral body re-collapse after posterior instrumented fusion in thoracolumbar burst fracture

Jang, Hae-Dong,Bang, Chungwon,Lee, Jae Chul,Soh, Jae-Wan,Choi, Sung-Woo,Cho, Hyeung-Kyu,Shin, Byung-Joon Elsevier 2018 SPINE JOURNAL Vol.18 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background Context</B></P> <P>In the posterior instrumented fusion surgery for thoracolumbar (T-L) burst fracture, early postoperative re-collapse of well-reduced vertebral body fracture could induce critical complications such as correction loss, posttraumatic kyphosis, and metal failure, often leading to revision surgery. Furthermore, re-collapse is quite difficult to predict because of the variety of risk factors, and no widely accepted accurate prediction systems exist. Although load-sharing classification has been known to help to decide the need for additional anterior column support, this radiographic scoring system has several critical limitations.</P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>(1) To evaluate risk factors and predictors for postoperative re-collapse in T-L burst fractures. (2) Through the decision-making model, we aimed to predict re-collapse and prevent unnecessary additional anterior spinal surgery.</P> <P><B>Study Design</B></P> <P>Retrospective comparative study.</P> <P><B>Patient Sample</B></P> <P>Two-hundred and eight (104 men and 104 women) consecutive patients with T-L burst fracture who underwent posterior instrumented fusion were reviewed retrospectively. Burst fractures caused by high-energy trauma (fall from a height and motor vehicle accident) with a minimum 1-year follow-up were included. The average age at the time of surgery was 45.9 years (range, 15–79). With respect to the involved spinal level, 95 cases (45.6%) involved L1, 51 involved T12, 54 involved L2, and 8 involved T11. Mean fixation segments were 3.5 (range, 2–5). Pedicle screw instrumentation including fractured vertebra had been performed in 129 patients (62.3%).</P> <P><B>Outcome Measures</B></P> <P>Clinical data using self-report measures (visual analog scale score), radiographic measurements (plain radiograph, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance image), and functional measures using the Oswestry Disability Index were evaluated.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Body height loss of fractured vertebra, body wedge angle, and Cobb angle were measured in serial plain radiographs. We assigned patients to the re-collapse group if their body height loss progressed greater than 20% at any follow-up time compared with immediate postoperative body height loss; we assigned the remaining patients to the well-maintained group. The chi-square test and <I>t</I> test of SPSS were used for comparison of differences between two groups and multiple logistic regression analysis for risk factor evaluation. Through the decision tree analysis of statistical package R, a decision-making model was composed, and a cutoff value of revealed risk factors and re-collapse rate of each subgroup were identified. The present study wassupported by the University College of Medicine Research Fund (university to which authors belong). There was no external funding source for this study. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Re-collapse occurred in 31 of 208 patients (14.9%). In this group, age, the proportion of male gender, preoperative height loss, and preoperative wedge angle were significantly greater than the well-maintained group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified two independent risk factors: age (adjusted odds ratio 1.084, p=.002) and body height loss (adjusted odds ratio 1.065, p=.003). According to the decision-making tree, age (>43 years) was the most discriminating variable, andpreoperative body height loss (>54%) was the second. In this model, the re-collapse rate was zero in ages less than 43 years, and among those remaining, nearly 80% patients with greater than 54% of body height loss belonged to the re-collapse group.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The independent predictors of re-collapse after posterior instrumented fusion for T-L burst fracture were the age at operation (>43 years old) and preoperative body height loss (>54%). Carefu