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      • Liver‐Specific and Echogenic Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles Facilitating Liver Cancer Discrimination

        Min, Hyun Su,Son, Sejin,Lee, Tae Woong,Koo, Heebeom,Yoon, Hong Yeol,Na, Jin Hee,Choi, Yongseok,Park, Jae Hyung,Lee, Jaeyoung,Han, Moon Hee,Park, Rang‐,Woon,Kim, In‐,San,Jeong, Seo Young,Rh WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.23 No.44

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>With the increasing demand for instant real‐time ultrasound (US) imaging of a specific organ, target‐specific and long‐circulating ultrasound contrast agents are of special interest. A new species of echogenic hyaluronic acid nanoparticles is presented as an ultralong‐acting, liver‐specific, US contrast agent that is distinct from conventional gas‐filled microbubbles. Using an oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsification method, bioinert and hydrophobic perfluoropentane (PFP) is encapsulated as an ultrasound gas precursor into hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (HANPs) using hydrophobic interactions. HANPs are formulated by self‐assembly, with amphiphilic hyaluronic acid‐5β‐cholanic acid (HA‐CA) conjugating in aqueous conditions. The resulting echogenic PFP‐encapsulated HANPs (Echo‐NPs) show solid nanostructures, differentiated from core‐empty conventional microbubbles, and exhibiting outstanding physical properties as an ultrasound contrast agent. They are more stable and robust echogenic solid bodies with an in vivo favorable hydrodynamic size and because PFPs vaporize gradually, their expansion process is very slow in body conditions. After several systemic circulations, echo‐NPs generated intense and ultralong echo signals for US imaging at the target site. The echogenic properties of Echo‐NPs show a significantly increased half‐life and echo persistence, compared with conventional microbubbles. The results clearly show that echo‐NPs outperform conventional microbubbles in terms of both physical and echogenic in vitro and in vivo properties.</P>

      • 저소득 노인을 간호대상으로 한 유헬스 간호사에 관한 문화기술지

        최한나 ( Han Na Choi ),김정은 ( Jeong Eun Kim ),김미령 ( Mei Ling Jin ),이지산 ( Ji San Lee ),김석화 ( Suk Wha Kim ),정수용 ( Su Young Jeong ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2014 간호학의 지평 Vol.11 No.1

        This study sought to ascertain and describe u-Health nurses (ubiquitous healthcare nurse, tele-nurse)` experiences working with low-income elders in Korea. Methods: Data were collected through semi-structured interview, focus group interviews of 6 nurses and participant observations in community places in public rental housing in the city of Seoul. The ethnographical analysis method, proposed by Spradley, was used to analyze interview data. Results: We identified two major clusters of themes on common issues and concerns experienced by nurses: "work environment" and "daily work life." In addition, ten themes and fourteen sub-themes were extracted from the field work data. Conclusion: The study provided a deeper understanding of the experiences and services of u-Health nurses in Korea, of which much remains to be understood, as the healthcare services they currently provide are limited. Moreover, its findings could empower novice nurses and expand nurse`s professional knowledge and competence.

      • Isolation and Identification of Anthocyanins contained Red Petals in Edible Rose

        Hyeon-Jin Lee,Young-Sun Hwang,Su-San-Na Choi,Su-Jin Lee,Myoung-Gun Choung 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

        The petals of edible rose contains diverse component, such as cratgolic acid, malic acid, vitamin C, B2, flavonoids, and lactons. The petals of edible rose are also known to have pharmaceutical effects. They have been used in the treatment of cardiac insufficiency, coronary heart disease, hyperpiesia and inflammatory disease only in folk remedies. Also, the petals of edible rose have various colors, such as red, pink, purple, blue, green, black, white, and yellow. Maybe, such color pigmentations are due to accumulation of anthocyanins, chlorophylls, flavonoids, and various combinations of breakdown products of these pigments. Despite many research on rose, report on the exact composition of anthocyanins in petal of edible rose is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study is to isolate and identify the anthocyanins in red petals of edible rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Noblered). Major anthocyanin pigments of the red petals in edible rose were extracted with 0.5% HCl - 20% MeOH for 24hrs. at room temperature, and purified using C18 open-column chromatography and prep-HPLC method. Two major anthocyanins were isolated, and their chemical structures were identified by spectroscopic methods (UV-VIS, LC-MS, and NMR). The λmax of anthocyanin 1 was 512nm, and m/z = 611[M+], while anthocyanin 2 had maximum absorbance at 501nm, and m/z = 595[M+], resulting in the two compounds are different. The complete structures of these anthocyanins were elucidated as cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, and pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside, respectively.

      • Optimal Extraction Condition of Chlorophylls and Lutein in Black Soybean with Green Cotyledon

        Young-Sun Hwang,Hyeon-Jin Lee,Su-San-Na Choi,Su-Jin Lee,In-Youl Baek,Sung-Taeg Kang,Won-Young Han,Jung-Kyung Moon,Keum-Yong Park,Myoung-Gun Choung 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

        Black soybeans, which have been widely utilized as food and as material for Oriental medicine, contain anthocyanins in the seed coat. Soybean seeds with black seed coat and green cotyledon are called “Seoritae” in Korea. Korean customer prefer “Seoritae” to normal black soybean with yellow cotyledon. The pigments contained in green cotyledon of black soybeans were chlorophylls and lutein. These constituents function as antioxidant and protect humans against diverse damages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the most suitable extraction condition and method of green cotyledon pigments in black soybeans. The green cotyledon pigments were analyzed on RP-HPLC with C18 column using gradient system. The gradient system was used two mobile phases. A gradient elution was performed with mobile phase A, consisting of 100% MeOH, and mobile phase B, consisting of 100% EtOAc. Among the 4 kinds of extraction method using methanol and/or acetone solution, ultrasonic extraction at 30 min. using acetone solution was most suitable extraction condition for simultaneous analysis of chlorophylls and lutein in soybean with green cotyledon.

      • Non-destructive Screening of Genetically Modified Soybean Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

        Myoung-Gun Choung,Young-Sun Hwang,Hyeon-Jin Lee,Su-San-Na Choi,Su-Jin Lee,Sung-Taeg Kang,Won-Young Han,In-Youl Baek,Keum-Yong Park 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

        NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis after the appropriate spectral data pre-treatment has been proved to be a very powerful tool for judgment of the relative pattern of the objects that have very similar properties. In this study, 500 GMO soybean seeds and, 500 non-GMO ones were measured in NIR reflectance mode. Principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to classify soybean with different genes into two groups (GMO and non-GMO). Calibrations were developed using DA regression with the cross-validation technique. The results show that differences between GMO and non-GMO soybeans do exist and excellent classification can be obtained after optimizing spectral pre-treatment. The raw spectra with DA model after the second derivative pre-treatment had the best satisfactory calibration and prediction abilities, with 97% accuracy. The results in the present study show NIR spectroscopy together with chemometrics techniques could be used to differentiate GMO soybean, which offers the benefit of avoiding time-consuming, costly and laborious chemical and sensory analysis.

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