Accelerated photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using graphitic carbon nitride assisted chemistry of MXenes 2D/2D nanocomposites

Vigneshwaran Sivakumar(Sivakumar Vigneshwaran),Do-Gun Kim(김도군),Seo-Oh Ko(고석오) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

Antitumor and antioxidant activities of Bryonia laciniosa against Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma bearing Swiss albino mice

Sivakumar, T,Kumar, R Sambath,Perumal, P,Vamsi, MLM,Sivakumar, P,Kanagasabai, R,Baskaran, MV,Karki, Subhas S,Mazumder, UK,Gupta, M Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2005 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.5 No.4

The plant Bryonia laciniosa (Family: Cucurbitaceae) has been indicated for the treatment of various diseases one among which is cancer. The purpose of this study was investigating experimentally the possible anti-tumor effect and antioxidant role of Bryonia laciniosa leaves in animal model. The methanol extract of Bryonia laciniosa (MEBL) administered at the doses of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg in mice for 14 days after 24 h of tumor inoculation. The effect of MEBL on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing mice, hematological profile and liver biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes) were estimated. Treatment with MEBL decreased the tumor volume and viable cell count thereby increasing the life span of EAC bearing mice and brought back the hematological parameter more or less normal level. The effect of MEBL also decreases the levels of lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The present work indicates that the methanol extract of Bryonia laciniosa exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in vivo.

Reliability analyses of a prototype soil nail wall using regression models

Sivakumar Babu, G.L.,Singh, Vikas Pratap Techno-Press 2010 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.2 No.2

Soil nailing technique is being widely used for stabilization of vertical cuts because of its economic, environment friendly and speedy construction. Global stability and lateral displacement are the two important stability criteria for the soil nail walls. The primary objective of the present study is to evaluate soil nail wall stability criteria under the influence of in-situ soil variability. Finite element based numerical experiments are performed in accordance with the methodology of $2^3$ factorial design of experiments. Based on the analysis of the observations from numerical experiments, two regression models are developed, and used for reliability analyses of global stability and lateral displacement of the soil nail wall. A 10 m high prototype soil nail wall is considered for better understanding and to highlight the practical implications of the present study. Based on the study, lateral displacements beyond 0.10% of vertical wall height and variability of in-situ soil parameters are found to be critical from the stability criteria considerations of the soil nail wall.

Biodiversity of Microalgae and Their Elemental Components from Veeranam Lake, Tamilnadu, India

Sivakumar, K.,Senthilkumar, R. The Korean Society of Limnology 2008 생태와 환경 Vol.37 No.1

An attempt was made in the Veeranam freshwater lake with the objectives to collect, identify, describe and document the algae occurring from March 2007 to August 2007. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of phytoplankton and analysis of physico-chemical parameters of water samples were carried out at monthly intervals during the study period in the western and eastern sides of the lake. It was found that the phytoplankton community embraced 68 genera belonging to four classes viz., Bacillariophyceae (40), Chlorophyceae (22), Cynophyceae (4) and Euglenophyceae (2). There were significant influences of various physico-chemical parameters on the phytoplankton population density. Commonly occurred genera, Oscillatoria (Cyanophyceae), Navicula (Bacillariophyceae) and Scenedesmus (Chlorophyceae), were subjected to energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis (EDS). They were found to accumulate different elements such as Zn, P, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, N, Si, Cl and Mn. Among these the member Cyanophyceae contained Zn, P, Mg, Ca, Mn, S and N. Bacillariophyceae Si, Zn, Mg, Cl, N, Fe, and Ca. Chlorophyceae Ca, Mg, N, Fe, Cl, Zn, Si and Mn. Thus these observations would determine the chemical dialogue between the cell structures and role of the elements. Further, it gives the clue about the phytoplankton growth requirements.

Drying and energy aspects of tapioca sago processing-An experimental field study

Sivakumar R.,Elayaperumal A.,Saravanan R. 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.6

The drying characteristics of tapioca sago were studied using four different drying methods--Open sun drying (OSD), Conveyor beltdrying (CBD), Bin drying (BD) and Fluidized bed drying (FBD)--in an industry located in Tamilnadu, India (Latitude: 11.494347° N;Longitude: 78.272264° E). The BD and FBD dryers were designed and fabricated as pilot scale models in the laboratory with respectivecapacity of 5 kg/h and 10 kg/h; CBD (1000 kg/h) and OSD are the commercial drying operations currently employed in industrial processing. The drying time, energy and exergy aspects of all the drying methods were compared along with the achieved final moisture content,color and quality of the dried products. The highest Energy utilization ratio (EUR) was found in CBD and FBD in the range of 20-76 % and 10-67 %, respectively. The exergy efficiency was initially low in all the cases but increased to 80 % towards the end of thedrying process.

Short-term influence of phosphate and nitrate on heavy metal accumulation by red alga Acrosorium uncinatum

Sivakumar, S.,Song, Y. C.,Park, I. S.,Cho, S. H.,Lee, C. Y.,Kim, Boo Gil Springer-Verlag 2010 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Vol. No.

Effect and design of Mn2+ doped ZnO nanostructures for photodegradation and energy storage devices

Sivakumar S.,Robinson Yengkokpam 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.82 No.12

This paper studies the synthesis of Zn1-xMnxO (x=0.00, 0.03, 0.06) nanoparticles using the co-precipitation method. The structural, morphological and optical properties were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, HR-TEM and UV–Visible DRS analysis. The structural analysis indicated a hexagonal shape with good crystallinity of the samples. The FTIR absorption peaks confrmed the formation of Zn–O bonding. The surface morphology and particle size were observed by SEM and HRTEM analysis. The EDS spectra determined the presence of elements Zn, Mn, and O in the samples. The optical band-gap of Mn-doped nanoparticles decreased with increasing concentration from 3.27 eV to 3.09 eV. The photocatalytic activity has been observed with methylene blue (MB) dye under solar irradiation. The Zn0.94Mn0.06O (Mn=0.06) nanoparticles photocatalyst has the highest degradation efciency at 94.08% within 180 min. This result shows that the Mn-doped ZnO enhanced the performance of the photocatalytic activity. In electrochemical performance analysis, undoped and Mn-doped electrodes have been studied 10 mV/s to 100 mV/s scan rate. Mn-doped electrodes decrease the specifc capacitance due to low surface area. However, all the undoped and Mn-doped electrodes possess reduction and oxidation peaks, which is considerable for suitable electrode materials for energy storage devices.

Design and FPGA Implementation of FBMC Transmitter by using Clock Gating Technique based QAM, Inverse FFT and Filter Bank for Low Power and High Speed Applications

Sivakumar, M.,Omkumar, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.6

The filter bank multicarrier modulation (FBMC) technique is one of multicarrier modulation technique (MCM), which is mainly used to improve channel capacity of cognitive radio (CR) network and frequency spectrum access technique. The existing FBMC System contains serial to parallel converter, normal QAM modulation, Radix2 inverse FFT, parallel to serial converter and poly phase filter. It needs high area, delay and power consumption. To further reduce the area, delay and power of FBMC structure, a new clock gating technique is applied in the QAM modulation, radix2 multipath delay commutator (R2MDC) based inverse FFT and unified addition and subtraction (UAS) based FIR filter with parallel asynchronous self time adder (PASTA). The clock gating technique is mainly used to reduce the unwanted clock switching activity. The clock gating is nothing but clock signal of flip-flops is controlled by gate (i.e.) AND gate. Hence speed is high and power consumption is low. The comparison between existing QAM and proposed QAM with clock gating technique is carried out to analyze the results. Conversely, the proposed inverse R2MDC FFT with clock gating technique is compared with the existing radix2 inverse FFT. Also the comparison between existing poly phase filter and proposed UAS based FIR filter with PASTA adder is carried out to analyze the performance, area and power consumption individually. The proposed FBMC with clock gating technique offers low power and high speed than the existing FBMC structures.

Recent Advances in the Cultivation and to Enhance the Active Components of Ganoderma lucidum

Sivakumar Manickam,Surya Sudheer,Zain Taha 한국버섯학회 2017 버섯 Vol.21 No.2

Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most popular medicinal mushrooms of Asian region having promising immune enhancing properties. This single species of mushroom has over 400 bioactive compounds and possess properties relating to battling tumours, viruses, bacteria, inflammation, platelet-aggregation, immune system modulation among many others. There are documented reports of G. lucidum fighting the activity against HIV/AIDS and diabetes. Owing to such a wide range of medicinal applications, the global consumption of G. lucidum is high, which has resulted in a plethora of commercially available patented products. These products have G. lucidum as an active constituent and are usually marketed as food supplements but are also available in the form of creams, hair tonics and medicinal soaps. The growing demand and the high cost of G. lucidum in the local market have enforced to think about a range of novel methods for the cultivation of this mushroom. We explored different novel strategies in this direction. In the first approach, the widely available agricultural residues of oil palm biomass (empty fruit bunch fibres, EFB) from Malaysia were used to cultivate this mushroom with cheap cost. The required conditions for the growth of this mushroom were studied by employing a pilot-scale cultivation in a mushroom farm. From the results it was scrutinized that oil palm waste fibres are the potential source of cultivating G. lucidum either alone or in combination of substrates. In the second strategy, the effect of UV-C radiation on the physical growth of G. lucidum mycelium has shown positive results. Results of 10 and 15 min of UV-C exposure treatments per 24 h showed a 30% increase in the diameter of mycelium over control in Potato Dextrose Agar medium petri-plates. Using EFB as substrates not only supports the G. lucidum cultivation but also offers a viable alternative for the management of solid waste in oil palm plantations of Malaysia. These results stipulate a better and stronger mushroom in terms of its bioactive compounds content and better growth parameters. Moreover, it also benefits the local mushroom farmers in Malaysia for the easy availability of the substrate materials and with better economy. The techniques involved can be propagated to the local Ganoderma industry for improvised cultivation for better output. A high output would also mean profitable business resulting in revolutionizing the economics of Ganoderma markets all over the world.

Meat Quality and Physicochemical Trait Assessments of Berkshire and Commercial 3-way Crossbred Pigs

Sivakumar Allur Subramaniyan,강다래,Shah Ahmed Belal,조은소리,정종현,정영철,최양일,심관섭 한국축산식품학회 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.5

In this study, we compared qualities and physiochemical traits of meat from Berkshire (black color) pigs with those of meat from 3-way Landrace (white color) × Yorkshire (white color) × Duroc (red color) crossbred pigs (LYD). Meat quality characteristics, including pH, color, drip loss, cooking loss, and free amino acid, fatty acid, vitamin, and mineral contents of longissimus dorsi muscles, were compared. Meat from Berkshire pigs had deeper meat color (redness), higher pH, and lower drip loss and cooking loss than meat from LYD pigs. Moreover, meat from Berkshire pigs had higher levels of phosphoserine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, asparagine, α-aminoadipic acid, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, histidine, tryptophan, and carnosine and lower levels of glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, and ammonia than did meat from LYD pigs. The fatty acids oleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were present in significantly higher concentrations in Berkshire muscles than they were in LYD muscles. Additionally, Berkshire muscles were significantly enriched with nucleotide components (inosine), minerals (Mg and K), and antioxidant vitamins such as ascorbic acid (C) in comparison with LYD muscles. In conclusion, our results show that in comparison with LYD meat, Berkshire meat has better meat quality traits and is a superior nutritional source of all essential amino acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, and minerals (Mg and K).