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Factor Structure of the Targeted Inventory on Problems in Schizophrenia
Shoji Tanaka,Takanori Nagase,Takefumi Suzuki,Kensuke Nomura,Hiroyoshi Takeuchi,Shinichiro Nakajima,Hiroyuki Uchida,Gohei Yagi,Koichiro Watanabe,Masaru Mimura 대한정신약물학회 2013 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.11 No.1
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the factor structure of a novel, 10-item rating scale, the Targeted Inventory on Problems in Schizophrenia (TIP-Sz). Determining the factor structure will be useful in the brief evaluation of medication and non-medication treatment of the disease. Methods: An exploratory factor analysis was performed on TIP-Sz scores obtained from 100 patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for schizophrenia. Results: The factor analysis extracted four factors that were deemed clinically pertinent, which we labeled: disorganization, social cooperativeness, functional capacity, and emotional state. The items exhibited cross-loadings on the first three factors (i.e.,some items loaded on more than one factor). In particular, the ‘behavioral dyscontrol and disorganization,’ ‘insight and reality testing,’ and ‘overall prognostic impression’ items had comparable cross-loadings on all of the first three factors. The emotional state factor was distinct from the other factors in that the items loading on it did not cross-load on other factors. Conclusion: The TIP-Sz scale comprises factors that are associated with the psychosocial functioning and emotional state of patients, which are important outcome parameters for successful treatment of the disease.
Effects of Body Pillow Use on Sleeping Posture and Sleep Architecture in Healthy Young Adults
Park Insung,Suzuki Chihiro,Suzuki Yoko,Kawana Fusae,Yajima Katsuhiko,Fukusumi Shoji,Kokubo Toshio,Tokuyama Kumpei,Yanagisawa Masashi,Satoh Makoto 대한수면학회 2021 sleep medicine research Vol.12 No.1
Background and Objective Patients with position-dependent obstructive sleep apnea have a > 2-fold higher apnea-hypopnea index when sleeping in a supine position compared with a non-supine position. We investigated the effect of body pillow use on sleeping body position and sleep architecture in healthy young adults. Methods In experiment 1, we evaluated the body pressure distribution with or without body pillow use in 8 healthy young adults [age, 36.5 ± 13.0 years; body mass index (BMI); 20.6 ± 1.2 kg/m2]. In experiment 2, we performed a randomized-crossover intervention study to evaluate the effects of body pillow use on sleeping position and sleep architecture in 10 healthy young adults (age, 24.3 ± 7.8 years; BMI, 21.4 ± 1.7 kg/m2). Sleep architecture was characterized by polysomnography, and body positions were monitored using a sensor. Subjective sleep quality was evaluated with the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi sleep inventory, middle age and aged version. Results In experiment 1, body pillow use significantly reduced mean body pressure on the shoulder, hip, and whole body. In experiment 2, mean time spent in the supine, lateral, and prone body positions did not differ significantly between the 2 trials. Body pillow use, however, significantly extended the sustained time spent in the lateral body position compared with the control trial. Subjective sleep quality and sleep architecture did not differ significantly between the 2 trials, but body pillow use decreased the number of short (30 s) slow-wave sleep episodes. Conclusions Sleeping with a body pillow effectively extends sustained time in a lateral sleeping position and prevents segmentation of slow-wave sleep episodes.
An attempt to organize bioassays' data of various chemicals
Sakoda, Akiyoshi,Shoji, Ryo,Sakai, Yasuyuki,Suzuki, Motoyuki,Utsumi, Hideo 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.1
Abstract Environmental waters such as river and lake waters are most likely polluted by a numerous number of chemicals produced and emitted by human activities nowadays. Bioassays are considered to be rational methodologies for evaluating their toxicities against human beings and ecosystems. The various kinds of bioassays data for chemicals have been accumulated so far in the literature. Organizing bioassays data of various chemicals was tried in this work in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically for the toxicity control and management of environmental waters. Environmental waters such as river and lake waters are most likely polluted by a numerous number of chemicals produced and emitted by human activities nowadays. Bioassays are considered to be rational methodologies for evaluating their toxicities against human beings and ecosystems. The various kinds of bioassays data for chemicals have been accumulated so far in the literature. Organizing bioassays data of various chemicals was tried in this work in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically for the toxicity control and management of environmental waters.
Monitoring Water Quality of Environmental Waters by Bioassays
Akiyoshi, Sakoda,Ryo, Shoji,Yasuyuki, Sakai,Motoyuki, Suzuki 영남대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.2
Environmental waters such as river and lake waters in Japan are often deteriorated by various kinds of trace and unidentified chemicals despite of the recent development of sewage systems and wastewater treatment technologies. This situation appears to become worse and worse. In addition to the contamination by particular toxicants, complex toxicity due to multi-component chemicals could be much more serious. Bioassays are toxicity tests of chemicals and pharmaceuticals by using living animal bodies, organs, cells and so on, and have been intensively utilized in pharmacology so far. The situation mentioned above have led us to apply bioassays far monitoring water quality of environmental waters by expressing the direct and potential toxicity to human beings and ecosystems instead of concentrations of particular chemicals. However, the problems encountered involve the fact that bioassays for pharmaceutical purposes in general need complicated, time-consuming and expert procedures. Also, a methodology to feed back the resultant toxicity data to water environment management is not establishcd yet. For this purpose, we have developed a novel bioassay methodology based on the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled low-density lipopntein (FITC-LDL) uptaking activity of human hepatoblastoma Hep G2 cells. The new method enabled us to detect the toxicity of environmental waters such as river water directly within 2 hours of exposure without concentrating water samples. This is significantly quick and easy as compared to conventional cell survival bioassays. The toxicity data for 255 selected chemicals sod environmental waters obtained by this method were organized by a mathematical equation in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically to the management of environmental waters. The mathematical description of complex toxicity found for mixtures was proposed and demonstrated. As model cases of our methodology, some approaches to reduce the toxicity actually delected in a river water were proposed. Our methodology would be one of the promising examples of applying bioassays for monitoring environmental water quality and of suggesting a solution of toxicity problem encountered.
Effect of Seeding Layers on Preparation of PLZT Thin Films by Sol-Gel Method
Hirano, Tomio,Kawai, Hiroki,Suzuki, Hisao,Kaneko, Shoji,Wada, Tatsuya The Korean Ceramic Society 1999 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.5 No.1
$(Pb_xLa_{1-x}) (Zr_yTi_{1-y})O_3$ (PLZT) thin films with electrooptic effect are promising for the optical application such as display or light shutter. However, it is difficult to use inexpensive and transparent glass substrates because the conventional process for preparation of PLZT requires temperatures above $600^{\circ}C$. In order to deposit a perovskite PLZT thin films at low processing temperatures through alkoxide route, we have offered several seeding processes which reduce the activation energy for crystallization. In this study, we optimized the stacking structure of multilayered PLZT for obtaining single phase perovskite at lower temperatures. As a result, ferroelectric PLZT thin films with different compositions were successfully prepared at a temperature as low at $500^{\circ}C$.