Nuciferine modulates the gut microbiota and prevents obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats

Wang Yueping,Yao Weifan,Li Bo,Qian Shiyun,Wei Binbin,Gong Shiqiang,Wang Jing,Liu Mingyan,Wei Minjie 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity. Nuciferine (NUC) is a main bioactive component in the lotus leaf that has been used as food in China since ancient times. Here, we examined whether the anti-obesity effects of NUC are related to modulations in the gut microbiota. Using an obese rat model fed a HFD for 8 weeks, we show that NUC supplementation of HFD rats prevents weight gain, reduces fat accumulation, and ameliorates lipid metabolic disorders. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the fecal microbiota suggested that NUC changed the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in HFD-fed rats. In particular, NUC decreased the ratio of the phyla Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, the relative abundance of the LPS-producing genus Desulfovibrio and bacteria involved in lipid metabolism, whereas it increased the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria in HFD-fed rats. Predicted functional analysis of microbial communities showed that NUC modified genes involved in LPS biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. In addition, serum metabolomics analysis revealed that NUC effectively improved HFD-induced disorders of endogenous metabolism, especially lipid metabolism. Notably, NUC promoted SCFA production and enhanced intestinal integrity, leading to lower blood endotoxemia to reduce inflammation in HFD-fed rats. Together, the anti-obesity effects of NUC may be related to modulations in the composition and potential function of gut microbiota, improvement in intestinal barrier integrity and prevention of chronic low-grade inflammation. This research may provide support for the application of NUC in the prevention and treatment of obesity.

Extracellular Proteome Profiling of Bacillus pumilus SCU11 Producing Alkaline Protease for Dehairing^s

( Chao Wang ),( Shiqiang Yu ),( Ting Song ),( Tingting He ),( Huanhuan Shao ),( Haiyan Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.11

Bacillus pumilus is one of the most characterized microorganisms that are used for high-level production of select industrial enzymes. A novel B. pumilus SCU11 strain possessing high alkaline protease activity was obtained in our previous work. The culture supernatant of this strain showed efficient dehairing capability with minimal collagen damage, indicating promising potential applications in the leather industry. In this study, the strain`s extracellular proteome was identified by LC-MS/MS-based shotgun proteomic analysis, and their related secretory pathways were characterized by BLAST searches. A total of 513 proteins, including 100 actual secreted and 413 intracellular proteins, were detected in the extracellular proteome. The functions of these secreted proteins were elucidated and four complete secretory systems (Sec, Tat, Com, and ABC transporter) were proposed for B. pumilus. These data provide B. pumilus a comprehensive extracellular proteome profile, which is a valuable theoretical and applicative basis for future genetic modifications and development of industrial enzymes.

A Study on Construction and Simulation of Agricultural Machinery System Control Model

Wang Ying,Xu Shiyang,Liu Shiqiang,Li Xiaoxue,Ao Changlin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.8

In order to study the state-changing and running rules of agricultural machinery system, this paper establishes the control model of agricultural machinery system under the discrete-state space based on control theory, from the perspective of the complex systems and with reference to the actual conditions of agricultural production; conducts the qualitative analysis on the system model, builds the relevant simulation model of agricultural machinery system accordingly, and verifies the running of the simulation model. This control model can provide effective basis and reference for further quantitative studies on state evolution of agricultural machinery system.

Integral Attacks on Some Lightweight Block Ciphers

( Shiqiang Zhu ),( Gaoli Wang ),( Yu He ),( Haifeng Qian ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.11

At EUROCRYPT 2015, Todo proposed a new technique named division property, and it is a powerful technique to find integral distinguishers. The original division property is also named word-based division property. Later, Todo and Morii once again proposed a new technique named the bit-based division property at FSE 2016 and find more rounds integral distinguisher for SIMON-32. There are two basic approaches currently being adopted in researches under the bit-based division property. One is conventional bit-based division property (CBDP), the other is bit-based division property using three-subset (BDPT). Particularly, BDPT is more powerful than CBDP. In this paper, we use Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT)-aided cryptanalysis to search integral distinguishers. We conduct experiments on SIMON-32/-48/-64/-96, SIMON (102)-32/-48/-64, SIMECK-32/-48/-64, LBlock, GIFT and Khudra to prove the efficiency of our method. For SIMON (102)-32/-48/-64, we can determine some bits are odd, while these bits can only be determined as constant in the previous result. For GIFT, more balanced (zero-sum) bits can be found. For LBlock, we can find some other new integral distinguishers. For Khudra, we obtain two 9-round integral distinguishers. For other ciphers, we can find the same integral distinguishers as before.

ZnO/NiO nanofibers prepared by electrostatic spinning for rapid ammonia detection at room temperature

Shiqiang Xu,Junhe Wang,Hongying Lin,Rongchao Li,Yongqiang Cheng,Shengbo Sang,Kai Zhuo 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.6

ZnO/NiO heterojunction nanofibers were synthesized by an electrostatic spinning technique in thiswork. The morphologies, crystal structures, and compositional features of the ZnO/NiO nanofiberswere analyzed by SEM, TEM, XRD, and EDS characterization. ZnO/NiO nanofibers with Zn contentsof 37.5 at% showed a 46% response to 300-ppm ammonia gas at room temperature (25 ± 1 ℃;56 ± 3% RH), with fast response and recovery behavior (100 s /25 s). The existence of p-n heterojunctionson the surface of ZnO/NiO nanofibers, as well as surface ionic conduction, improved the responseto ammonia gas in a synergistic manner.

Exploiting Chaotic Feature Vector for Dynamic Textures Recognition

( Yong Wang ),( Shiqiang Hu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.11

This paper investigates the description ability of chaotic feature vector to dynamic textures. First a chaotic feature and other features are calculated from each pixel intensity series. Then these features are combined to a chaotic feature vector. Therefore a video is modeled as a feature vector matrix. Next by the aid of bag of words framework, we explore the representation ability of the proposed chaotic feature vector. Finally we investigate recognition rate between different combinations of chaotic features. Experimental results show the merit of chaotic feature vector for pixel intensity series representation.

ANN Synthesis Models Trained with Modified GA-LM Algorithm for ACPWs with Conductor Backing and Substrate Overlaying

Zhongbao Wang,Shaojun Fang,Shiqiang Fu 한국전자통신연구원 2012 ETRI Journal Vol.34 No.5

Accurate synthesis models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) are proposed to directly obtain the physical dimensions of an asymmetric coplanar waveguide with conductor backing and substrate overlaying (ACPWCBSO). First, the ACPWCBSO is analyzed with the conformal mapping technique (CMT) to obtain the training data. Then, a modified genetic-algorithm-Levenberg-Marquardt (GA-LM) algorithm is adopted to train ANNs. In the algorithm, the maximal relative error (MRE) is used as the fitness function of the chromosomes to guarantee that the MRE is small, while the mean square error is used as the error function in LM training to ensure that the average relative error is small. The MRE of ANNs trained with the modified GA-LM algorithm is less than 8.1%, which is smaller than those trained with the existing GA-LM algorithm and the LM algorithm (greater than 15%). Lastly, the ANN synthesis models are validated by the CMT analysis, electromagnetic simulation, and measurements.

Broadband Stacked Patch Antenna with Low VSWR and Low Cross-Polarization

Zhongbao Wang,Shaojun Fang,Shiqiang Fu 한국전자통신연구원 2010 ETRI Journal Vol.32 No.4

A low cross-polarization broadband stacked patch antenna is proposed. By means of the stacked patch configuration and probe-fed strip feed technique, the VSWR 1.2:1 bandwidth of the patch antenna is enhanced to 22% from 804 MHz to 1,002 MHz, which outperforms the other available patch antennas (<10%). Furthermore, the antenna has a cross-polarization level of less than –20 dB and a gain level of about 9 dBi across the operating bandwidth. Simulation results are compared with the measurements, and a good agreement is observed.

Chaotic Features for Traffic Video Classification

( Yong Wang ),( Shiqiang Hu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.8

This paper proposes a novel framework for traffic video classification based on chaotic features. First, each pixel intensity series in the video is modeled as a time series. Second, the chaos theory is employed to generate chaotic features. Each video is then represented by a feature vector matrix. Third, the mean shift clustering algorithm is used to cluster the feature vectors. Finally, the earth mover`s distance (EMD) is employed to obtain a distance matrix by comparing the similarity based on the segmentation results. The distance matrix is transformed into a matching matrix, which is evaluated in the classification task. Experimental results show good traffic video classification performance, with robustness to environmental conditions, such as occlusions and variable lighting.

Exercise induced Right Ventricular Fibrosis is Associated with Myocardial Damage and Inflammation

Zhijian Rao,Shiqiang Wang,Wyatt Paul Bunner,Yun Chang,Rengfei Shi 대한심장학회 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.11

Background and Objectives: Intense exercise (IE) induced myocardial fibrosis (MF) showed contradictory findings in human studies, making the relationship between IE and the development of MF unclear. This study aims to demonstrate exercise induced MF is associated with cardiac damage, and inflammation is essential to the development of exercise induced MF. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted to daily 60-minutes treadmill exercise sessions at vigorous or moderate intensity, with 8-, 12-, and 16-week durations; time-matched sedentary rats served as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration. After completion of the exercise protocol rats were euthanized. Biventricular morphology, ultrastructure, and collagen deposition were then examined. Protein expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 was evaluated in both ventricles. Results: After IE, right but not left ventricle (LV) MF occurred. Serum cTnI levels increased and right ventricular damage was observed at the ultrastructure level in rats that were subjected to long-term IE. Leukocyte infiltration into the right ventricle (RV) rather than LV was observed after long-term IE. Long-term IE also increased protein expression of pro-inflammation factors including IL-1β and MCP-1 in the RV. Conclusions: Right ventricular damage induced by long-term IE is pathological and the following inflammatory response is essential to the development of exercise induced MF.