새로운 유사 원자층 증착 방법에 의한 산화막의 형성 및 터널링 자기 접합에의 응용

한신희,정원철,이장식,김병동,주승기 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.1

The tunneling barrier is crucial to the overall performance in magnetic tunnel junction. We have suggested a new formation method for the tunnel barrier, which has utilized pseudo atomic layer deposition with sputtering (PALDS). As is well known, all metallic thin films oxidize more or less under atmospheric conditions. With using this property of metallic thin films, we have prepared tunnel barrier by sputtering metallic thin film and exposing it to the oxygen ambience. From transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, the formed tunnel barrier has been confirmed to have clear and good interface between magnetic layers and tunnel barrier. From atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation, it has been also confirmed to have low surface roughness. The TMR MRAM cell manufactured using PALDS method has been shown to exhibit typical tunnel resistance of 86 KΩ·μm^2 and TMR ratio of about 40%. The 40% of MR is quite large. It is considered that this value is geometrically enhanced magnetoresistance due to the low junction resistance of MTJ.

국내에서 생산 판매되는 담배 각초에 존재하는 알칼로이드 함량과 주류연의 연기성분 비교 연구

박병주,신주식,임흥빈 충북대학교 연초연구소 2006 煙草硏究 Vol.20 No.-

국내에서 시판되고 있는 69종의 궐련담배 각초를 재료로 하여 궐련담배 각초에 함유되어 있는 alkaloid 함량을 측정하고 궐련담배 주류연의 tar 및 nicotine 함량을 측정하여 비교분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 국내에서 시판되고 있는 귈련담배는 tar와 nicotine의 함량이 각각 5 mg, 0.5 mg 수준인 담배가 가장 많았다. 2. 국내에서 시판되는 궐련담배 각초 alkaloid 성분의 평균함량은 nicotine 15.7±1.8 mg/g, nornicotine 432±182 μg/g, anabasine 63±28 μg/g, myosmine 52±17 μg/g이었다. 3. Alkaloid 성분 중 nornicotine 함량은 타사 제품에 비해 A사와 군소업체 제품담배에서 유의하게 높았다. 4. 국내에서 시판되는 궐련담배 각초에 존재하는 nicotine의 주류연으로의 이행율은 10 % 이하였다. This study was carried out to compare alkaloids contents existed in tobacco shred, with major components in tobacco smoke from 69 cigarette brands being on sale in Korea. Alkaloids and cigarette smoke components were analysed by gas chromatography. Cigarette brands with the level of tar 5 mg/cig and nicotine 0.5 mg/cig in mainstream smoke were major in Korea. Mean values of nicotine, nornicotine, anabasine, and myosmine contents existed in tobacco shred from 69 cigarette brand were 15.6 ± 1.9 mg/g, 431 ± 187 ug/g, 62 ± 28 ug/g, 53 ± 16 ug/g, respectively. Nornicotine contents existed in tobacco shred of cigarette brands manufactured by A company and some small companies were relatively higher than that other three major companies. Direct transfer rates of nicotine from shred to mainstream smoke in most cigarette being on sale in Korea was lower than 10%. These results indicates that alkaloids contents in tobacco shred from cigarette have something to do with cigarette smoke components and this analysis have to fulfil periodically in order to obtain a basic information for quality evaluation of cigarette smoke in connection with smoking and healths.

Simultaneous biofiltration of H2S, NH3 and toluene using cork as a packing material

Byoung-Gi Park,Won Sik Shin,Jong-Shik Chung 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.1

Simultaneous removal of ternary gases of NH3, H2S and toluene in a contaminated air stream was investigated over 185 days in a biofilter packed with cork as microbial support. Multi-microorganisms including Nitrosomonas and Nitrobactor for nitrogen removal, Thiobacillus thioparus (ATCC 23645) for H2S removal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15692), Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 17484) and Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 23973) for toluene removal were used simultaneously. The empty bed residence time (EBRT) was 40-120 seconds and the inlet feed concentration was 50-180 ppmv for NH3, 30-160 ppmv for H2S and 40-130 ppmv for toluene, respectively. The observed removal efficiency was 45-100% for NH3, 96-100% for H2S, and 10-99% for toluene, respectively. Maximum elimination capacity was 5.5 g/㎥/hr for NH3, >20.4 g/㎥/hr for H2S and 4.5 g/㎥/hr for toluene, respectively. During longterm operation, the removal efficiency of toluene gradually decreased, mainly due to depositions of elemental sulfur and ammonium sulfate on the cork surface. The results of microbial analysis showed that nearly the same population density was observed on the surfaces of cork chips collected at each sampling point. Kinetic model analyses showed that there were no particular evidences of interactions or inhibitions among the microorganisms.

A Highly Sensitive and Specific Genetic Marker to Diagnose Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease Using a Genome-Wide Association Study

Shin, Seung-Woo,Park, JongSook,Kim, Yoon-Jeong,Uh, Soo-taek,Choi, Byoung Whui,Kim, Mi-kyeong,Choi, Inseon S.,Park, Byung-Lae,Shin, HyoungDoo,Park, Choon-Sik Mary Ann Liebert 2012 DNA and cell biology Vol.31 No.11

<P>The aim of the present study was to develop a diagnostic set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for discriminating aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) from aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data; the GWAS data were filtered according to p-values and odds ratios (ORs) using PLINK software, and the 10 candidate SNPs most closely associated with AERD were selected, based on 100 AERD and 100 ATA subjects. Using multiple logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, eight SNPs were chosen as the best model for distinguishing between AERD and ATA. The relative risk for AERD in each subject was calculated based on the relative risk of each of the eight SNPs. Ten of the original 109,365 SNPs highly associated (filtered with p<0.001 and ORs) with the risk for AERD were selected. A combination model of the eight SNPs among the 10 SNPs showed the highest area under the ROC curve of 0.9. The overall relative risk for AERD based on the eight SNPs was significantly different between the AERD and ATA groups (p=2.802E-21), and the sensitivity and specificity were 78% and 88%, respectively. The candidate set of eight SNPs may be useful in predicting the risk for AERD.</P>

Simultaneous Biofiltration of H₂S, NH₃ and Toluene using an Inorganic/Polymeric Composite Carrier

Byoung Gi Park,Won Sik Shin,Jong Shik Chung 대한환경공학회 2008 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.13 No.1

Simultaneous removal of ternary gases of NH₃, H₂S and toluene in a contaminated air stream was investigated over 180 days in a biofilter. A commercially available inorganic/polymeric composite chip with a large void volume (bed porosity > 0.80) was used as a microbial support. Multiple microorganisms including Nitrosomonas and Nitrobactor for nitrogen removal, Thiobacillus thioparus (ATCC 23645) for H₂S removal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15692), Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 17484) and Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 23973) for toluene removal were used simultaneously. The empty bed residence time (EBRT) ranged from 60 - 120 seconds and the inlet feed concentration was 0.0325 g/m3 - 0.0651 g/m3 for NH₃, 0.0636 g/m3 - 0.141 g/m3 for H₂S, and 0.0918 g/m3 - 0.383 g/m3 for toluene, respectively. The observed removal efficiency was 2% - 98% for NH₃, 2% - 100% for H₂S, and 2% - 80% for toluene, respectively. Maximum elimination capacity was about 2.7 g/m3/hr for NH₃, > 6.4 g/m3/hr for H₂S and 4.0 g/m3/hr for toluene, respectively. The inorganic/polymeric composite carrier required 40 - 80 days of wetting time for biofilm formation due to the hydrophobic nature of the carrier. Once the surface of the carrier was completely wetted, the microbial activity became stable. During the long-term operation, pressure drop was negligible because the void volume of the carrier was two times higher than the conventional packing materials.

Mucinous Rectal Cancer: Effectiveness of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Prognosis

Shin, Ui Sup,Yu, Chang Sik,Kim, Jong Hoon,Kim, Tae Won,Lim, Seok-Byoung,Yoon, Sang Nam,Yoon, Yong Sik,Kim, Chan Wook,Kim, Jin Cheon Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2011 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.18 No.8

Fusel 유의 습식인산정제용 용매로서의 이용

신세건,신병식 한국화학공학회 1974 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.12 No.4

重量分率로서 ethyl alcohol 0.35%, n-butyl alcohol 0.45%, n-propyl alcohol 0.31%, iso-butyl alcohol 5.52%, n-hexyl alcohol 0.33%, iso-amyl alcohol 93.04%, 그리고 其他 成分을 微量 含有하는 Fusel油를 使用하여 Fusel 油·燐酸·水로 되는 3成分系의 相互溶解度와 tie-line data를 25℃ 大氣壓下에서 硏究하였다. 또한 水 20.5% 燐酸 58.9% Fusel油 20.6%로 되는 plait point를 찾았으며 fusel油가 燐酸油出溶媒로서 n-butyl alcohol이나 butyl acetate 보다 效果的인 溶媒임을 알았다. The mutal solubility and tie-line data were investigated at 25℃ under atomspheric pressure for ternary system of phosphoric acid (solute), water (dilute) and fusel oil (solvent) consisting of 0.35 wt% ethyl alcohol, 0.45 wt% n-butyl, 0.31 wt% n-propyl alcohol, 0.33 wt% n-hexyl alcohol, 5.52 wt% iso-butyl alcohol, 93.04 wt% iso-amyl alcohol and other in trace. It was found the plait point occurred at the composition of 20.5 wt% water 58.9 wt% phosphoric acid and 20.6 wt% fusel oil. The fusel oil was a more effective solvent for extracting phosphoric acid than n-butyl alcohol or butyl acetate.

Modeling and Autopilot Design of Blended Wing-Body UAV

Byoung-Mun Min,Sung-Sik Shin,Hyunchul Shim,Min-Jea Tahk 한국항공우주학회 2008 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.9 No.1

This paper describes the modeling and autopilot design procedure of a Blended Wing-Body(BWB) UAV. The BWB UAV is a tailless design that integrates the wing and the fuselage. This configuration shows some aerodynamic advantages of lower wetted area to volume ratio and lower interference drag as compared to conventional type UAV. Also, BWB UAV may be increase payload capacity and flight range. However, despite of these benefits, this type of UAV presents several problems related to flying qualities, stability, and control. In this paper, the detailed modeling procedure of BWB UAV and stability analysis results using the linearized model at trim condition are represented. Finally, we designed the autopilot of BWB UAV based on a simple control allocation scheme and evaluated its performance through nonlinear simulation.

Role of p38 MAPK on the Down-Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Rat Astrocytes

Shin, Chan-Young,Lee, Woo-Jong,Choi, Ji-Woong,Choi, Min-Sik,Park, Gyu-Hwan,Yoo, Byoung-Kwon,Han, Sun-Young,Ryu, Jae-Ryun,Choi, Eui-Yul,Ko, Kwang-Ho 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5

In spite of their pathophysiological importance in neuro-inflammatory diseases, little is known about the signal transduction pathways that lead to the induction of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) in the central nervous system. We reported previously that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced MMP-9 expression through ERK1/2 pathway in rat primary astrocytes (Glia 41:15-24, 2003). Here, we investigated the role of other MAPK pathways, including p38 and JNK/SAPK, on the regulation of MMP-9 expression in LPS-stimulated rat primary astrocytes. LPS activated both p38 and JNK in astrocytes. Treatment with a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, but not JNK inhibitor Sp600f 25, increased the LPS-stimulated MMP-9 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-${\gamma}$ and 1L-4,activated p38 MAPK and decreased MMP-9 production in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. When p38 MAPK activation was blocked by SB203580, the inhibitory effects of these cytokines on MMP-9 induction were abolished. Finally, direct injection of SB203580 into the lateral ventricle of rat brain increased the LPS-induced MMP-9 activity in cerebral cortex. Altogether, these results suggest that p38 activation down-regulates the inflammatory stimulation-induced over-expression of MM P-9, both in primary astrocytes and in cerebral cortex. The elaborate inter-play between ERK1/2 and p38 pathways provides a more sophisticated mechanism for regulating MMP-9 activity in neuroirflammatory diseases.

차량용 배터리의 전압 상태 측정을 통한 시동 전압 추정에 관한 연구

김병훈(Byoung-Hoon Kim),신동현(Dong-Hyun Shin),정진범(Jin-Beom Jeong),송현식(Hyun-Sik Song),김태훈(Tae-Hoon Kim),이홍종(Hong-Jong Lee),이병현(Byung-Hyun Lee),조영표(Young-Pyo Cho),유지윤(Ji-Yoon Yoo) 대한전기학회 2014 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.4