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Basic Verification of β-D Glucan in Leukocyte-Rich Plasma for the Diagnosis of Deep Mycosis
Shimoyama Ken,Kan Shigenori,Takahashi Gaku,Morino Gota,Yamada Yasuhiko,Inoue Yoshihiro,Inada Katsuya,Endo Shigeatsu 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.1
Background: Currently, supplementary serological testing for β-D glucan (BDG) is often selected to diagnose deep mycosis in care covered by the health insurance in Japan. The Wako method used by our center has low sensitivity, and different studies have used different cut-off values due to factors that cause false positives and false negatives. One possible cause of false negatives is the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as the sample material. Because phagocytic white blood cells (WBC) are precipitated by centrifugation and only plasma is measured, it seems unlikely that the actual amount of BDG is being measured when using PRP. Further, a frequent cause of false positives is contamination from blood products and gauze containing BDG. To resolve these issues, the blood cell separator, hydroxyethyl starch, is used to precipitate only the red blood cells to obtain leukocyte-rich plasma (LRP). We hypothesized that it might be possible to improve the diagnostic rate of deep mycosis by measuring the BDG content of plasma containing WBC and fungal components and by comparing the BDG content of PRP and LRP measured simultaneously. Materials and Methods: Healthy human blood, albumin-added blood, wrung-out gauze fluid-added blood, and fungal solution-added blood were prepared, and PRP and LRP were prepared using hydroxyethyl starch. The BDG content of each sample was measured using the Wako method and compared. In addition, PRP and LRP of fungal-added blood were Gramstained and examined under a microscope, and the number of WBCs and phagocytosed fungi was counted visually and compared. Results: Measuring the BDG content of LRP confirmed that there were no false positives with LRP, and in vitro experiments comparing albumin-added false-positive blood to fungal-added blood showed significant differences between PRP and LRP only in the fungal-added blood. Conclusion: Calculating the BDG-ratio (LRP/PRP) by measuring both LRP and PRP may eliminate false positives and false negatives of true deep mycosis and improve the diagnostic rate.
Shimoyama, H. 한국기술사회 2005 技術士 Vol.38 No.1
스트레스가 많은 사회에 사는 현대인은 신체의 면역력이 저하되어 그 여파로 국민의료비가 눈에 띄게 증가하고 있다. 약과 수술에 의한 서양의학도 그 권위가 점점 떨어지게 되었고 여기서 새삼스레 근래에 와서는 삼림(森林)이 갖는 쾌적성 증진효과나 치유효과에 관심이 쏠려 있어 삼림요법(森林療法)의 발전을 위한 몇 가지 과제를 여기에서 생각해보고자 한다. National medical bill is amounting 31 trillion, equivalent to about 8% of GDP. And Japanese poeple are beginning to doubt the western medical system that depends upon drugs and operations. They are seeking another method of treatment. It is well known the forest has many healthy and recreation benefit. Now I would like to talk about the benefits of forest therapy.
Auto-Detection of Non-Isolated Pulmonary Nodules Connected to The Chest Walls in X-ray CT images
Satoshi Shimoyama,Noriyasu Homma,Masao Sakai,Tadashi Ishibashi,Makoto Yoshizawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In this paper, we develop an auto-detection method of non-isolated pulmonary nodules for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of lung cancers using X-ray CT images. An essential core of the method is to transform the non-isolated nodules connected to the walls of the chest into isolated ones that can be detected more easily by CAD systems developed previously. To this end, an active contour model is proposed to extract the lung area from the original CT image. The proposed model can solve the local optimum problem of the contour model by using anatomical features of the lung in X-ray CT slices. Some experimental results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method by using clinical CT images.
Takahashi, Hidetoshi,Shimoyama, Isao,Heo, Yun Jung JAPAN SOCIETY OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2018 Applied physics express Vol.11 No.6
<P>This paper presents a simple, low-cost, long-lasting UV-LED-based light source with uniform light intensity using a checkerboard half-mirror positioned within inverse L-shaped UV-LED arrays. The light rays from the top UV-LED array passed through the transparent portions of the checkerboard half-mirror, while the light rays from the side UV-LED array were reflected on the remaining opaque portions at right angles. Thus, uniform light intensity was achieved on the bottom area. Using the developed UV-LED light source, we fabricated microstructures with uniform shapes on a large area, thereby showing feasible applications for MEMS fabrication. (C) 2018 The Japan Society of Applied Physics</P>
Tatematsu, Hidezumi,Miyahara, Ryoji,Shimoyama, Yoshie,Funasaka, Kohei,Ohno, Eizaburou,Nakamura, Masanao,Kawashima, Hiroki,Itoh, Akihiro,Ohmiya, Naoki,Hirooka, Yoshiki,Watanabe, Osamu,Maeda, Osamu,Ando Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5
Background: A close association between patterns identified by magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) and histological type has been described. M-NBI patterns were also recently reported to be related to the mucin phenotype; however, detials remain unclear. Materials and Methods: We investigated the cellular differentiation of gastric cancer lesions, along with their mucosal distribution observed by M-NBI. Ninety-seven depressed-type early gastric cancer lesions (74 differentiated and 23 undifferentiated adenocarcinomas) were visualized by M-NBI. Findings were divided into 4 patterns based on abnormal microvascular architecture: a chain loop pattern (CLP), a fine network pattern (FNP), a corkscrew pattern (CSP), and an unclassified pattern. Mucin phenotypes were judged as gastric (G-type), intestinal (I-type), mixed gastric and intestinal (M-type), and null (N-type) based on 4 markers (MAC5AC, MUC6, MUC2, and CD10). The relationship of each pattern of microvascular architecture with organoid differentiation indicated by cancer cell differentiation and its distribution in each histological type of early gastric cancer was investigated. Results: All CLP and FNP lesions were differentiated. The cancer cell distribution showed organoid differentiation in 84.2% (16/19) and 61.1% (22/36) of the two types of lesions, respectively, and there was a significant difference from the unclassified pattern with organoid differentiation (p<0.001). Almost all (94.7%; 18/19) CSP lesions were undifferentiated, and organoid differentiation was observed in 72.2% (13/18). There was a significant difference from the unclassified pattern with organoid differentiation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Cellular differentiation and distribution are associated with microvascular architecture observed by M-NBI.
Microscale Surface Patterning of Zirconia by Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Irradiation
Yuka Yamamuro,Tomotaka Shimoyama,Jiwang Yan 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.2
Irradiation of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was performed by a femtosecond pulsed laser to investigate the feasibility of V-shaped groove microstructure fabrication. Firstly, fundamental characteristics of microgroove fabrication was investigated by varying scanning speed of laser and number of scans. Higher scanning speed resulted in a smooth surface without any debris adhesion. By increasing number of scans, the cross-sectional profile of the microgroove became a well-defined V shape, and the taper angle of the V-shaped groove can be precisely controlled by laser scanning speed. Moreover, the laserinduced phase transformation of YSZ was characterized, and it was found that the monoclinic ratio after irradiation decreased in comparison with original YSZ surface, indicating improved strength and toughness. TEM cross-sectional observation of the microgrooves was performed and tetragonal phase was detected independent of locations. Finally, micro pyramid structures were created on the YSZ surface by perpendicularly crossing the laser scan directions. The resulting surface showed a drastic change in surface wettability. These findings demonstrated the possibility of generating precise complex microstructures on YSZ surface with high functionality and low subsurface damage, presenting great potential of wide applications in industry.