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Shabir, Nadeem,Khatun, Amina,Kim, Won-Il The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2014 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.37 No.1
Although it has been generally accepted that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) induces weak and delayed protective immunity after infection, it is unclear that the same immunological features can be applicable to all PRRS viruses because huge genetic variation exists even among the same genotypes of PRRSV (Type 1 and 2). In the current study, two genetically distinct type 2 PRRSV strains (VR-2332 and JA142) which showed approximately 90% nucleotide homology based on ORF5 sequences were characterized by both in vitro and in vivo assessments to determine the immunological features of the viruses. For in vitro assessment, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) were infected with the viruses at $10^{-3}$ multiplicity of infection (MOI) and then supernatants and cells were collected separately at 36 hrs post infection to determine the relative expression levels of IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-12, TNF-${\alpha}$ and INF-${\alpha}/{\beta}$ by quantitative RT-PCR. In addition, five PRRSV-free pigs were inoculated with either of JA142 or VR2332 for in vivo assessment. Serum samples were collected every week until 6 weeks post challenge. The serum samples were analyzed for the levels of viremia, PRRSV nucleocapsid-specific antibody and virus neutralizing antibody. Based on those assessments, the two viruses showed different patterns of cytokine expression in PAM and immune responses in pigs after infection. These results indicate that genetically distinct PRRSV strains have different immunological features, which might be criteria for virus classification and selection of candidate virus strains for vaccine development in the future.
INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY INTERIOR IDEALS IN ORDERED SEMIGROUPS
Shabir, Muhammad,Khan, A. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.5
In this paper we define intuitionistic fuzzy interior ideals in ordered semigroups. We prove that in regular(resp. intra-regular and semisimple) ordered semigroups the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy interior ideals and intuitionistic fuzzy ideals coincide. We prove that an ordered semi group is intuitionistic fuzzy simple if and only if every intutionistic fuzzy interior ideal is a constant function. We characterize intra-regular ordered semi groups in terms of interior (resp. intuitionistic fuzzy interior) ideals.
ON INTERVAL VALUED FUZZY h-IDEALS IN HEMIRINGS
Shabir, Muhammad,Malik, Noshin,Mahmood, Tahir The Youngnam Mathematical Society 2012 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.28 No.1
In this paper we discuss some results associated with interval valued fuzzy h-ideals of hemirings and characterize hemirings by the properties of their interval valued fuzzy h-ideals.
Shabir Ahmad Bhat,B. Nataraju 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.2
The mode of transmission, effect on fecundity, hatching and tissues specificity of a microsporidian (Lbms) recovered from Lamerin breed of the silkworm Bombyx mori L. was studied and compared with standard strain Nosema bombycis. Peroral inoculation of Lbms or N. bombycis to zeroday of 4th instar larvae of silkworm was the most suitable method for producing information on development of stage specific mortality,pupation and obtaining infected adults for transovarial transmission studies. It was observed that pupal mortality, the percentage of moths emerged and the percentage of moths infected were significantly high in N. bombycis infected batches as compared Lbms in all the three tested breeds of the silkworm. However no significant difference was observed in larval mortality.The fecundity and hatchability was not affected significantly in Lbms infected adults, however significant reduction in egg production, fecundity, hatchability and increased egg retention was observed in mother moths infected with N. bombycis. The Lbms is transmitted both horizontally and vertically at lower rate due to its low rate of proliferation. The transovarial transmission of Lbms to the F1 progeny generation through eggs averaged only 61.33 ± 5.10% whereas N. bombycis was transmitted at 100%. The Lbms had low oral infectivity and low transovarial transmission in silkworm B. mori.
Beneficial Effects of Emblica officinalis in L-Arginine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Rats
Shabir Sidhu,Promila Pandhi,Samir Malhotra,Kim Vaiphei,Kundal Lal Khanduja 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.1
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is characterized by focal macroscopic or diffuse necrosis, hemorrhage, and vascular thrombosis of the pancreas. Current treatment options are limited to supportive and symptomatic interventions. A large amount of experimental work is ongoing to identify novel therapeutic agents for acute pancreatitis. The present study was carried out to explore the beneficial effects of Emblica officinalis, a medicinal plant of India, on acute pancreatitis. Ascorbic acid is one of the major chemical components of E. officinalis, so a vitamin C group was included for comparison. Acute pancreatitis was induced by l-arginine. Rats were divided into the following groups: control (saline), arginine+saline, arginine+E. officinalis, and arginine+vitamin C. Animals in each group were sacrificed at 24 hours and 3, 14, and 28 days after pancreatitis induction for determination of biochemical parameters and histological examination. For rate of DNA synthesis and immunohistochemical studies, animals were sacrificed on Day 3 and Day 7. Drug administration was started 2 hours after the last arginine injection and continued until the day of sacrifice. E. officinalis treatment was found to be beneficial for treating acute pancreatitis. Serum levels of lipase and interleukin-10 were significantly lower than in the arginine group. Nucleic acid content, rate of DNA synthesis, pancreatic proteins, and pancreatic amylase content were significantly improved. Histopathological examination showed significantly lower total scores in the Emblica group. Vitamin C was found to be less efficacious than E. officinalis for all outcome parameters. Thus E. officinalis treatment was found to be beneficial in acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
Shabir Ahmad Ganai 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.9
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate geneexpression by creating the closed state of chromatin viahistone hypoacetylation. Histone acetylation deregulationcaused by aberrant expression of classical HDACs leads toimprecise gene regulation culminating in various diseasesincluding cancer. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi),the small-molecules modulating the biological function ofHDACs have shown promising results in inducing cellcycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis in tumour models. HDACi do not show desired cytotoxic effect whenused in monotherapy due to triggering of various resistancemechanisms in cancer cells emphasizing the desperate needof novel strategies that can be used to overcome suchchallenges. The present article provides intricate detailsabout the novel HDACi dacinostat (LAQ-824) againstmultiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukaemia. The distinctmolecular mechanisms modulated by dacinostat inexerting cytotoxic effect against the defined malignancieshave also been detailed. The article also explains thestrategy that can be used to circumvent the conventionaltherapy resistant cases and for enhancing the therapeuticefficacy of dacinostat for effective anticancer therapy.