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Gene editing platform in Cattle
Sang-Eun Hahn,Soo-Young Yum,Song-Jeon Lee,Choong-Il Lee,Hee-Soo Kim,Hyeong-Jong Kim,Woo-Jae Choi,Ji-Hyun Lee,Woo-Sung Lee,Goo Jang 한국수정란이식학회 2016 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is proved to be a powerful tool for knock-out and knock-in in various species. By introducing genetic materials of two components (Cas9 and small guide (sg) RNA) into cells or pronuclear of the fertilized embryo, gene editing occurs. Some studies reported that efficiency of gene editing would be increased as Cas9 was integrated into cells or animals since Cas9 is indispensable in the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Accordingly, the production of Cas9 expressing cattle may provide the broadly used gene editing platform in cattle. For this study, Cas9 and RFP genes were cloned into PiggyBac (PB) transposon system. PB-Cas9-RFP and transposase were microinjected into 1436 in vitro fertilized embryos and 241 blastocysts were formed. Blastocysts with RFP expression accounting for 14.1% of total formed blastocysts were selected and transferred into 5 recipient cow. After gestation periods, four transgenic cattle were delivered without any veterinary assistance. From a transgenic cattle, ear skin tissue was collected for primary culture. On those primary cells, sgRNAs in DNA form for various genes such as PRNP, RB1 and BLG were transfected as 2ug of sgRNA per 5x105 cells using Nucleo factor system (Neon®, invitrogen, program#16). As expected, every group of each sgRNA delivered was confirmed to be mutated by T7E1assay. Those data demonstrated that for the first time, transgenic cattle with Cas9 expression were born, grown up to date and will be avaluable resource for genome-editing in cattle. This work was supported by BK21PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science and Seoul Milk Coop (SNU550-20160004).
Achievements and lessons learned from the operation of KSTAR plasma control system upgrade
Hahn, Sang-hee,Penaflor, B.G.,Milne, P.G.,Bak, J.G.,Eidietis, N.W.,Han, H.,Hong, J.S.,Jeon, Y.M.,Johnson, R.D.,Kim, H.-S.,Kim, HeungSu,Kim, Y.J.,Kwon, G.I.,Lee, W.R.,Woo, M.H.,Sammuli, B.S.,Walker, M. Elsevier 2018 Fusion engineering and design Vol.130 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Results on the integration and the operation of the KSTAR plasma control system (PCS) upgrade are given. Real-time hardware, new realtime-capable operating system, and a brand-new data acquisition are assembled in order to extend the performance and compatibility with modern computer systems. The first full commissioning and eventual routine use performed in 2016 so that the system can now acquire more than 400 channels for more than 100 seconds of data with 5 kHz sampling. The performance test results are summarized, featuring In/Out streaming echo tests and the synchronization verifications. Examples of general performance improvements are demonstrated, and additional features added to the software are also described.</P>
Controls on KSTAR Superconducting Poloidal Field (PF) Magnets
Hahn, Sang-Hee,Kim, K.H.,Choi, J.H.,Ahn, H.S.,Lee, D.K.,Park, K.R.,Eidietis, N.W.,Leuer, J.A.,Walker, M.L.,Yang, H.L.,Kim, W.C.,Oh, Y.K. The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryoge 2008 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4
As a part of the plasma control system (PCS) for the first plasma campaign of KSTAR, seven sets of fast feedback control loop for the superconducting poloidal field magnet power supply (PF MPS) have been implemented. A special real-time digital communication interface has been developed for the simultaneous exchanges of the current/voltage data from the 7 sets of 12-thyristor power supplies in a 200 microsecond control cycle. Preliminary power supply tests have been performed before actual cooldown of the device. A $29mH/50m{\Omega}$ solenoid dummy has been fabricated for a series of single power supply tests. Connectivity and response speed of the plasma control system have been verified. By changing hardware cabling, this load was also used to estimate mutual inductance coupling effects of two geometrically adjacent solenoid coils on each power supply. After the cooldown was complete, each pair of the up/down symmetric PF coils has been serially connected and tested as part of the device commissioning process. Bipolar operation and longer pulse attempts have been investigated. The responses of the coils and power supplies corresponding to the plasma magnetic controls in plasma discharges are also analyzed for the future upgrades.
Involvement of Spontaneously Formed Cyclic Nucleotides in Cat Gastric Muscle Relaxation
Sang-Soo Sim,Hye-Jung Baek,Duck-Joo Rhie,Shin-Hee Yoon,Sang June Hahn,Yang-Hyeok Jo,Myung-Suk Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1999 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.3 No.3
<P> Muscle strips and muscle cells from cat stomach were used to investigate whether spontaneously formed cyclic nucleotides were involved in the inhibition of gastric smooth muscle contraction. A phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), increased the levels of both cyclic GMP (cGMP) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) in resting state cells, while decreasing acetylcholine-induced muscle contraction. Under the influence of IBMX, SQ22536, an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor and methylene blue, a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor completely blocked increases in cAMP and cGMP respectively, without any effect on contraction. However, the combination of SQ22536 and methylene blue completely blocked increases in both cAMP and cGMP levels and stimulated contractions markedly even in the presence of IBMX. Muscle contraction inhibitors such as isoprenaline, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and sodium nitroprusside also appeared to increase cyclic nucleotide levels which decreased contraction. Which nucleotide increased the most was dependent on the agonist used. Therefore, irrespective of the cyclic nucleotide class, the spontaneous formation of cyclic nucleotides should be considered in evaluating the mechanism of gastric smooth muscle relaxation.