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Ko, Eun-Ju,Lee, Young-Tae,Kim, Ki-Hye,Lee, Youri,Jung, Yu-Jin,Kim, Min-Chul,Lee, Yu-Na,Kang, Taeuk,Kang, Sang-Moo American Association of Immunologists 2017 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.
<P>Vaccine adjuvant effects in the CD4-deficient condition largely remain unknown. We investigated the roles of combined monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and aluminum hydroxide (Alum) adjuvant (MPL+Alum) in inducing immunity after immunization of CD4 knockout (CD4KO) and wild-type (WT) mice with T-dependent influenza vaccine. MPL+ Alum adjuvant mediated IgG isotypeswitched Abs, IgG-secreting cell responses, and protection in CD4KO mice, which were comparable to those in WT mice. In contrast, Alum adjuvant effects were dependent on CD4(+) T cells. MPL+ Alum adjuvant was effective in recruiting monocytes and neutrophils as well as in protecting macrophages from Alum-mediated cell loss at the injection site in CD4KO mice. MPL+Alum appeared to attenuate MPL-induced inflammatory responses in WT mice, likely improving the safety. Additional studies in CD4-depleted WT mice and MHC class II KO mice suggest that MHC class II+ APCs contribute to providing alternative B cell help in the CD4-deficient condition in the context of MPL+Alum-adjuvanted vaccination.</P>
Development of Vitamin D Determination in Infant Formula by Column-Switching HPLC with UV Detector
Ko, Jin-Hyouk,Kwak, Byung-Man,Ahn, Jang-Hyuk,Shim, Sung-Lye,Kim, Kyong-Su,Yoon, Tae-Hyung,Leem, Dong-Gil,Jeong, Ja-Young Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.5
This study was carried out to develop an analytical method for the determination of vitamin D in infant formula. Vitamin D was determined by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a reversed phase column and UV detector after saponification and extraction of the formula with an organic solvent. A preseparation column ($C_8$), focusing column ($C_{18}$), analytical column ($C_{18}$) and UV-Vis detector (254 nm) were used. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification (LOQ) for vitamin D were estimated to be $1.51{\mu}g/kg$ and $4.95{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. The linearity, recovery, precision and accuracy of the analytical method for vitamin D were evaluated through the application of a SRM (Standard Reference Material) 1846 (National Institute of Standard & Technology, USA). The linearity of this method was calculated with a value of the coefficient of determination ($r^2$) ${\geq}0.9999$. The recovery of vitamin D was $85.20{\pm}3.00%$. The intra-assay precision for vitamin D was between $1.68{\pm}0.03%$ and $5.75{\pm}0.33%$, and the inter-assay precision for vitamin D ranged from $1.73{\pm}0.03%$ to $2.96{\pm}0.09%$. The intra-assay accuracy for vitamin D was between $100.03{\pm}2.77%$ and $102.01{\pm}0.59%$, and the inter-assay accuracy for vitamin D ranged from $99.00{\pm}1.53%$ to $102.01{\pm}3.04%$. The proposed method is optimal for the separation and quantification of vitamin D from infant formula.
Occurrences of Pyogenic Arthritis of the Knee in Korea
Sung Il Shin(신성일),Kyung Won Song(송경원),Jin Young Lee(이진영),Seung Yong Lee(이승용),Gab Lae Kim(김갑래),Young Seok Ko(고영석),Hyung Seok Oh(오형석),Kun Ho Shin(신건호) 대한정형외과학회 2005 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.40 No.8
목적: 한국에서 슬관절 화농성 관절염의 원인을 분석한다. 대상 및 방법: 1994년 1월 1일부터 2005년 3월 31일까지 슬관절의 화농성 관절염으로 치료하였던 149예 가운데 균 검사에서 양성을 보였던 72예에 대하여 발생 빈도와 원인을 분석하였고. 환자의 평균 연령은 63세(46세부터 82세까지)였으며 70세 이상의 환자가 약 47% (34예)를 차지하였다. 결과: 정형외과에서 입원 치료 받은 총 환자 수에 대한 발생 비율은 입원 환자 1,000명당 7.4명(p<0.05)이었으며, 균 검사에서 양성으로 판명되는 비율이 약 48%를 보였다. 총 72예의 분석에서 슬관절에 선행 질환은 61예에서 확인할 수 있었는데 그 중 퇴행성관절염 41예, 류마티스관절염 20예로 대부분관절 질환을 갖고 있었다. 과거에 스테로이드나 HA의 관절 내 주사 요법의 경험이 있거나 혹은 침구 치료 등의 전통 요법을 받은 경우가 48예로서 약 67%의 환자가 슬관절에 대한 직접 치료를 받은 경험이 있었다. 주사를 시행한 횟수는 37예를 분석하였을 때 주사 약제와 관계없이 1회 내지 5회가 9예, 6회 내지 10회가 17예, 10회 내지 15회가 9예, 그밖에 16회에서 20회가 2예이었다. 결론: 슬관절의 화농성 관절염은 주로 관절강내 또는 관절주위 치료나 침술과 같은 의원성 원인 때문인 경우가 많다. Purpose: To analyze recent causes of the pyogenic arthritis of knee in patients in Korea. Materials and Methods: Among 149 cases of pyogenic arthritis of the knee treated in the Orthopedic Department of the University Hospital from 1 January 1994 to 31 March 2005, we identified the causative bacteria in 72 cases. The mean patient age was 63 years old (range, 46 to 82 years) and 47% (34 cases) were greater than 70 years of age. Results: The incidence of pyogenic arthritis of the knee in patients who had been discharged from the Orthopaedic Department was 7.4 per 1,000 patients (p<0.05), and 48% of them had positive bacteriological studies. We noted 61 patients who had preexisting conditions of the knee: 41 with degenerative arthritis, and 20 with rheumatoid arthritis. Forty-eight (67%) patients had received previous intra-articular or periarticular steroid or hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, or acupuncture treatments. The medications that were injected were: steroids (12 cases), HA (10 cases), steroids plus HA (9 cases), and 6 cases were unidentified. The frequency of the injections, regardless of the medication used, was 1 to 5 times in 9 cases, 6 to 10 times in 17 cases, 10 to 15 times in 9 cases, and 16 to 20 times in 2 cases. We identified the medical specialties that were involved in the performance of the intra-articular injections in 29 cases: Orthopaedics (14 cases), Pain Management (5 cases), Rheumatology (3 cases), Rehabilitation Medicine (2 cases), Family Medicine (2 cases), Internal Medicine (1 cases), and others (2 cases). Conclusion: Pyogenic arthritis of the knee may be due frequently to iatrogenic causes, such as intra-articular or peri-articular injections and acupuncture treatments. This has been influenced mainly by changes in the types of injection materials, increased of frequency of injections, frequency and the expansion of injection clinics.
Ko, Jin-Soo,Kim, Byung-Yun,Park, Sung-Woo,Lee, Mun-Hwan,Lee, Sung-Bok Korea Concrete Institute 2009 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.3 No.1
Over about 30% of problems in construction is related to water-leaking, and the loss from this problem can incur as much as three times the cost of initial construction. Thus, water vapor pressure is known to be the primary cause of defective waterproofing. Accordingly, the theories on the relationship between water pressure and temperature as well as damp-proofing volume of concrete and the change in vapor pressure volume were reviewed and analyzed in this study by making test samples after spraying a dampness remover and applying waterproofing materials to the prepared test specimens. The result of measuring water vapor pressure with the surface temperature of the waterproofing (fluid-applied membrane) layer at the experimental temperature setting of about $10^{\circ}C$, which is the annual average temperature of Seoul, indicated that (1) the temperature of the fluid-applied membrane elevated to about $40^{\circ}C$, and the water vapor pressure generated from the fluid-applied membrane was about 0.03 N/mm 2 when the surface temperature of the waterproofing layer was raised to about $80^{\circ}C$. (2) when the temperature of the fluid-applied membrane of the waterproofing layer was raised from $30^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$, water vapor pressure of about 0.01 N/mm 2 was generated, and (3) when a thermal source was applied to the fluid-applied membrane (waterproofing) layer, the temperature increased from $35^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$, and approximately $0.005\;N/mm^2$ of water vapor pressure was generated.
Ko Eun Ju,Kim Eo Jin,Cho Hye Jung,Oh Jisu,Park Han Sung,Ryu Chang Soo,Kim Jung Oh,Jun Hak Hoon,정소영,Kim Jong Woo,Kim Nam Keun 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.6
Background: Polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) have been associated with cancer susceptibility. Also, metabolic syndrome is associated with cancer malignancy. However, the effect of eNOS polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome on colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis remains unclear. Objective: To investigated whether three genetic polymorphisms (- 786 T > C rs2070744, 4a4b rs869109213, and 894G > T rs1799983) in the eNOS and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were associated with CRC patient survival. Methods: We genotyped three polymorphisms of eNOS (- 786 T > C, 4a4b, and 894G > T) in 312 CRC cases from the Korean population by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Results: Although the three eNOS polymorphisms were not causative of MetS, the TT genotype of the 894G > T polymorphism was associated with a worse survival rate compared with the GG genotype in the CRC group with MetS than in the CRC group without MetS (5-years survival; adjusted HR = 54.777; 95% CI 5.073-591.487 and RFS; adjusted HR = 14.909; 95% CI 1.571-141.528). Conclusions: The eNOS polymorphisms were not associated with metabolic syndrome prevalence in CRC patients. However, our findings suggest that the eNOS 894G > T polymorphism with MetS was associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Jin Bae Na,Hyoungku Kang,Young Jae Kim,Ki Sung Chang,Young Jin Hwang,Tae Kuk Ko IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.21 No.3
<P>Sub-cooled liquid nitrogen (LN<SUB>2</SUB>) condition is a very useful method to increase the current rating capacity of YBCO tapes. Thus, the lightning impulse dielectric characteristics of sub-cooled LN<SUB>2</SUB> condition should be investigated for designing high voltage superconducting machines. The sphere-plane electrode systems were used to simulate the internal structure of high voltage superconducting machines such as superconducting fault current limiters. The lightning impulse dielectric tests on saturated and sub-cooled LN<SUB>2</SUB> condition were carried out by using the sphere-plane electrode systems. In addition, a quasi-uniform electric field distribution between the sphere-plane electrodes was calculated by the finite element method (FEM) simulation tool. The field utilization factor was calculated by the FEM simulation results. The lightning impulse breakdown voltage of various geometrical configurations between the sphere-plane electrodes in sub-cooled LN<SUB>2</SUB> conditions was compared with that of in saturated LN<SUB>2</SUB> condition. Finally, the lightning impulse breakdown voltage with 50% probability and its relations with the utilization factor have been described in this paper.</P>