Activity of glutathione S‐transferase and esterase enzymes in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) after exposure to entomopathogenic fungi

Muhammad Bilal,Shoaib FREED,Saleh MUHAMMAD,Muhammad Zubair ASHRAF,Muhammad Bismillah KHAN 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.4

Helicoverpa armigera, a polyphagous insect of crops and vegetables, is acquiring resistance against many commercial insecticides. The present study shows variations in the activity of two detoxification enzymes, namely esterase and glutathione S‐transferase (GST), in H. armigera after exposure to different isolates of entomopathogenic fungi. After treatment of larvae with the different isolates (Day 0), samples were collected on three days (Days 3, 5 and 7) for enzyme analysis. High GST activity was found in samples of hemolymph, intestine and fat bodies of H. armigera following treatment with Beauveria bassiana (isolate Bb‐08), Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates Ma‐11.1 and Ma‐4.1), and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If‐02 and If‐2.3). High esterase activity was recorded in samples of the intestine and fat bodies on various days after treatment, whereas increased esterase activity in hemolymph was noted only in samples from Day 5 after treatment with M. anisopliae (Ma‐4.1). The detection of high GST and esterase activity demonstrates the possibility of the development of resistance against these microbial control agents in H. armigera.

Triazine-Based Microporous Polymers for Selective Adsorption of CO₂

Saleh, Muhammad,Baek, Seung Bin,Lee, Han Myoung,Kim, Kwang S. American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.10

<P>Propeller-shaped triazine was used to synthesize microporous polycarbazole materials through an inexpensive FeCl<SUB>3</SUB>-catalyzed reaction using direct oxidative coupling (PCBZ) and extensive cross-linking (PCBZL) polymerization routes. PCBZL has a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area of 424 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>–1</SUP> and shows larger CO<SUB>2</SUB> uptake (64.1 mg g<SUP>–1</SUP> at 273 K, 1 atm). Selective adsorption of CO<SUB>2</SUB> over N<SUB>2</SUB> calculated using the ideal adsorbed solution theory shows that both PCBZ (125) and PCBZL (148) exhibit selectivity at 298 K, which is significantly higher than PCBZ (110) and PCBZL (82) at 273 K. These values of selectivity are among the highest reported for any triazine-based microporous material. By introducing the electron-rich carbazole structure into the nitrogen fertile triazine-based system, the adsorption enthalpy is increased drastically, which in turn contributes to high selective adsorption values. The larger existing binding energy between CO<SUB>2</SUB> and propeller specifies more stable and favorable interactions between adsorbent and adsorbate, which transforms into reasonable adsorption capacity at low pressure and eventually high selectivity. These polymeric networks also show moderate working capacity with high regenerability factors. The combination of a simple inexpensive synthesis approach, high thermal/chemical stability, and reasonable selective adsorption make these materials potential candidates for CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage and separation applications.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-10/jp509188h/production/images/medium/jp-2014-09188h_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp509188h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

New Current-Feedback Operational-Amplifier Based Sinusoidal Oscillator with Explicit Current/Voltage Outputs

Muhammad Taher Abuelma’atti,Eyas Saleh Asuhaibani 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

Laser Polarization Effects on the Photodetachment Cross Section of H− Near a Reflecting Surface

Suneela Arif,Muhammad Haneef,Jehan Akbar,Saleh Mohammad,Imran Ullah,Hameed Khan,Nasrullah Shah,Muhammad Zahir,Abdur Rab 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.5

The influence of laser polarization angle on the photodetachment of H⁻ near a reflecting surface is investigated based on a theoretical imaging technique. An analytical expression for the photodetachment cross section is derived. The photodetachment cross section of H⁻ near a reflecting surface is found to be not only related to the inter-ion-surface distance and the photon energy but also the laser polarization angle <i>θ_L</i>. A strong oscillating structure is noted for <i>θ_L</i> = 0°. As the angle continues to increase, the oscillating structure diminishes, and for <i>θ_L</i> = 90°, the oscillating structure in the cross section reduces to a non-oscillating structure.

Opto-electronic Response of Spinel SiZn2O4to a Modified Becke-Johnson Potential

Manzar Ali,Saleh Mohammad,Hayatullah,Muhammad Haneef,Mahmood Khan,G. Murtaza 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.5

A first-principles technique capable of describing the nearly excited states of semiconductors and insulators, namely the modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potential approximation, is used to investigate the electronic band structure and the optical properties of the spinel oxide SiZn2O4. The band gap predicted using the mBJ approximation is significantly more accurate than those previously proposed theoretical works using the common localized density approximation (LDA)and generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Band-gap-dependent optical parameters, like the dielectric constant, index of refraction, reflectivity and optical conductivity, are calculated and analyzed. The result for the dielectric constant shows that the numerical value of the static dielectric constant, after dropping at the steady rate, becomes less than zero, and the material exhibits a metallic behavior. The refractive index also drops below unity for photons higher than 18 eV,which indicates that the velocities of the incident photons are greater than the velocity of light. However, these phenomena can be explained by the fact that a signal must be transmitted as a wave packet rather than a monochromatic wave. This comprehensive theoretical study of the optoelectronic properties predicts that the materials can be used effectively in the optical devices.

Three Dimensional Finite Element Simulation of Reinforced Concrete Beams Post-tensioned in Shear Region

Omid Kohnehpooshi,Mohd Saleh Jaafar,Jamaloddin Noorzaei,Raizal Saifulnaz Muhammad Rashid 대한토목학회 2011 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.15 No.6

Reinforced concrete beams are generally designed to have enough shear strength to achieve flexural capacity; however, some structural component designed may not have sufficient shear capacity to resist big forces. Therefore, shear strengthening is required to strengthen these components. Aim of this work is to propose 3D finite element formulations of reinforced concrete beams in order to investigate the structural behavior of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams post-tensioned in the shear region. Twenty seven node lagrangian elements have been used for modeling the concrete. Bar and bond-slip between bar and concrete were modeled together by three dimensional truss-linkage elements. The steel plates which was used for strengthening and to transfer the post-tensioning stresses in shear region to the RC beam, is modeled using 8 node isoparametric plate bending element with five Degrees of Freedom (DOF) in each node. These elements have been added to the existing three dimentional finite element program. Several reinforced concrete beams strengthened or unstrengthened, have been modeled and analyzed to determine the variation of deflection, stresses,and slip between concrete and tendons. The study leads to results that show the significant effectiveness of post-tensioning in the shear region on structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams.

Low Frequency of ETV6-RUNX1 (t 12; 21) in Saudi Arabian Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients: Association with Clinical Parameters and Early Remission

Aljamaan, Khaled,Aljumah, Talal khalid,Aloraibi, Saleh,Absar, Muhammad,Iqbal, Zafar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL) patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City represent a pure Saudi Arabian population. ETV6-RUNX1 positive pALL patients have good prognosis as compared to ETV6-RUNX1 negative counterparts. Therefore, frequencies of these two patient groups have a huge consideration in treatment strategies of pALL in a given population. Different geographical locations have been reported to have different frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 ranging from 10% in Southeast Asia to 30% in Australia. Aim: Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish the ETV6-RUNX1 status of Saudi Arabian pALL patients and its association with clinical parameters and early remission. Materials and Methods: Clinical parameters and ETV6-RUNX1 status (using FISH technique) of pALL patients attending the Pediatric Oncology Clinic, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh from 2006 to 2011 were studied. Comparisons between ETV6-RUNX1 positive and negative groups were accomplished using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.2 (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC). Results: Out of 54 patients, 33 were male and 21 were females (ratio 1.57:1). B- and T-cell lineages were found in 47 (87%) and 7 (13%) patients respectively. Only 5 (9.3%) patients were ETV6-RUNX1 positive while 49(80.7%) were ETV6-RUNX1 negative. All ETV6-RUNX1 patients (100%) were of B-cell lineage and 80% (4/5) were in the 3-7 year age group. None of the ETV6-RUNX11 patients had ${\geq}5%$ blasts (no remission) at day 14 as compared with 9% in the ETV6-RUNX1 negative group (Figure 1). Conclusions: Frequency of ETV6-RUNX1 positive patients (less than 10%) in our pALL patients is much lower than reported for most European countries, North America, Australia and Japan while it is in accordance with ETV6-RUNX1 frequencies from Egypt (11.6%), Pakistan (10%), Spain (2%) and India (5-7%). This shows ethnic differences in genetics of pALL as well as higher frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 positive pALL mostly in more industrialized countries, probably due to some industrial pollutants or westernized lifestyle.

Interactions of CO₂ with various functional molecules

Lee, Han Myoung,Youn, Il Seung,Saleh, Muhammad,Lee, Jung Woo,Kim, Kwang S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.17 No.16

<P>The CO<SUB>2</SUB> capturing and sequestration are of importance in environmental science. Understanding of the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-interactions with various functional molecules including multi-N-containing superbases and heteroaromatic ring systems is essential for designing novel materials to effectively capture the CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas. These interactions are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with dispersion correction and high level wave function theory (resolution-of-identity (RI) spin-component-scaling (scs) Möller–Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2) and coupled cluster with single, double and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T))). We found intriguing molecular systems of melamine, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), 7-azaindole and guanidine, which show much stronger CO<SUB>2</SUB> interactions than the well-known functional systems such as amines. In particular, melamine could be exploited to design novel materials to capture the CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas, since one CO<SUB>2</SUB> molecule can be coordinated by four melamine molecules, which gives a binding energy (BE) of ∼85 kJ mol<SUP>−1</SUP>, much larger than in other cases.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report the CO<SUB>2</SUB>-interactions with diverse functional molecules. Useful functional molecules such as melamine showing very large adsorption enthalpy for CO<SUB>2</SUB> are reported. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5cp00673b'> </P>

Environmental applications using graphene composites: water remediation and gas adsorption

Kemp, K. Christian,Seema, Humaira,Saleh, Muhammad,Le, Nhien H.,Mahesh, Kandula,Chandra, Vimlesh,Kim, Kwang S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Nanoscale Vol.5 No.8