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Duraivel, Malarkodi,Nagappan, Saravanan,Balamuralitharan, B.,Selvam, S.,Karthick, S. N.,Prabakar, K.,Ha, Chang-Sik,Kim, Hee-Je The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.42 No.13
<P>In this work, we report the synthesis of sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO) using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) by a facile one-pot approach <I>via</I> refluxing in deionised water. The undoped rGO chemical structure is partially reduced by NaBH4, whereas the addition of a small amount of Na2S with NaBH4 resulted in a better reduction of rGO. XPS analysis confirmed the successful doping of sulfur and Raman spectroscopy verified the increased defect density. The S-rGO electrode exhibits good power density (3202 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP>) with increased specific capacitance (392 F g<SUP>−1</SUP>) and cyclic stability (91%, 2000 cycles) in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The obtained results suggest that the simple tuning of the graphene oxide structure using Na2S with NaBH4 enhances the above properties. Moreover, this method is facile and allows the easy reproduction of bulk quantities of materials for use in commercial applications.</P>
Madhaiyan, M.,Poonguzhali, S.,Saravanan, V. S.,Hari, K.,Lee, K.-C.,Lee, J.-S. International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.3
<P>Two strains, designated Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP>, were isolated from rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane of field-grown sugar cane clone Co86032. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed a clear affiliation of these two bacteria with the class <I>Betaproteobacteria</I>, their closest relatives being <I>Pseudoduganella violaceinigra</I> and <I>Duganella zoogloeoides</I> with 16S rRNA gene sequence pairwise similarities of 96.4–97.2 % to the two novel strains. Strains Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 97.6 %. Cells of the two strains were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped. Ubiquinone (Q-8) was the respiratory quinone and the predominant polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The main cellular fatty acids were C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB>, C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>ω7<I>c</I>/iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB> 2-OH, C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB> cyclo, C<SUB>10 : 0</SUB> 3-OH and C<SUB>12 : 0</SUB>. The DNA G<I>+</I>C content of the genomic DNA was 56.4 mol% for strain Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and 54.9 mol% for strain Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP>. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical characterization, that differentiated strains Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> from all recognized species of the genus <I>Duganella</I>, it was concluded that strains represent two novel species in the genus <I>Duganella</I> for which the names <I>Duganella</I> <I>sacchari</I> sp. nov. (type strain Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 22381<SUP>T</SUP> = NCIMB 14475<SUP>T</SUP>) and <I>Duganella</I> <I>radicis</I> sp. nov. (type strain Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 22382<SUP>T</SUP> = NCIMB 14476<SUP>T</SUP>) are proposed.</P>
Saravanan, S.,John Peter, A.,Lee, ChangWoo Elsevier 2015 Physica E, Low-dimensional systems & nanostructure Vol.67 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Combined effects of magnetic and electric fields on the confined exciton in an InAs<SUB>1−<I>x</I> </SUB>P<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/InP (<I>x</I>=0.2) quantum well wire are investigated taking into account the geometrical confinement effect. Variational formulism, within the frame work of effective mass approximation, is applied to obtain the exciton binding energy. The second order harmonic generation and the optical gain are carried out using compact density method. The strain effects are included with the confinement potential in the Hamiltonian. The energy difference of the ground and the first excited state is found in the presence of magnetic and electric fields taking into the consideration of spatial confinement effect. The result shows that the optical properties are more influenced taking into account the effects of geometrical confinement, magnetic field and electric field. It is shown that the telecommunication wavelength can be achieved with the suitable doping barrier material with the wire material and the external perturbations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Combined effects of magnetic and electric fields on the confined exciton in an InAs<SUB>1−<I>x</I> </SUB>P<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/InP wire are investigated. </LI> <LI> Variational formulism is applied to obtain the exciton binding energy. </LI> <LI> Second order harmonic generation and the optical gain are carried out using compact density method. </LI> <LI> The strain effects are included with the confinement potential in the Hamiltonian. </LI> <LI> Optical properties are more influenced with the effects of geometrical confinement and the external perturbations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Variation of gain as a function of photon energy for various values of measure of magnetic field strength in a InAs<SUB>0.8</SUB>P<SUB>0.2</SUB>/InP quantum well wire is shown for <I>F</I>=0V/cm and <I>F</I>=100V/cm, with the constant electron density. The wire radius is taken as 50Å.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Saravanan S.,Usha Rani P. 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.2
The usage of distributed resources of energy like solar PV as an alternative to conventional electric power system is gaining immense popularity in the recent days. The integration of low voltage PV to the grid or load requires implementation of an efficient DC–DC converter of high voltage gain. Hence, an Interleaved Luo converter with higher voltage gain ability that combines the benefits of both switched capacitor and interleaved topologies is employed in this article. The infusion of the interleaving approach to the Luo converter minimizes the effects of output voltage ripples and input current ripples. The selection of a suitable controller is extremely mandatory for enhancing the operation of the interleaved Luo converter by aiding the efficient minimization of peak overshoot and settling time. A Cascaded Fuzzy Logic Controller (CFLC) that overcomes the drawbacks of conventional converters is adopted in this research work to significantly heighten the working of the Interleaved Luo converter. The comparative evaluation of CFLC with Proportional Integral controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller is also performed. The efficiency of the Interleaved Luo converter with CFLC is determined through MATLAB simulation. The Interleaved Luo converter operates with an impressive efficiency of 98.6%.
Optimization of Wear Behavior on Cenosphere -Aluminium Composite
Saravanan, V.,Thyla, P.R.,Balakrishnan, S.R. Materials Research Society of Korea 2015 한국재료학회지 Vol.25 No.7
The magnitude of wear should be at a minimum for numerous automobile and aeronautical components. In the current work, composites were prepared by varying the cenosphere content using the conventional stir casting method. A uniform distribution of particles was ensured with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three major parameters were chosen from various factors that affect the wear. A wear test was conducted with a pin-on-disc apparatus; the controlling parameters were volume percentages of reinforcement of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, applied loads of 9.8, 29.42, and 49.03 N, and sliding speeds of 1.26, 2.51, and 3.77 m/s. The design of the experiments (DOE) was performed by varying the different influencing parameters using the full factorial method. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the effects of the parameters on the wear rate. Using regression analysis, a response curve was obtained based on the experimental results. The parameters in the resulting curve were optimized using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The GA results were compared with those of an alternate efficient algorithm called Neural Networks (NNs).
Generation Scheduling with Large-Scale Wind Farms using Grey Wolf Optimization
Saravanan, R.,Subramanian, S.,Dharmalingam, V.,Ganesan, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.1
Integration of wind generators with the conventional power plants will raise operational challenges to the electric power utilities due to the uncertainty of wind availability. Thus, the Generation Scheduling (GS) among the online generating units has become crucial. This process can be formulated mathematically as an optimization problem. The GS problem of wind integrated power system is inherently complex because the formulation involves non-linear operational characteristics of generating units, system and operational constraints. As the robust tool is viable to address the chosen problem, the modern bio-inspired algorithm namely, Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is chosen as the main optimization tool. The intended algorithm is implemented on the standard test systems and the attained numerical results are compared with the earlier reports. The comparison clearly indicates the intended tool is robust and a promising alternative for solving GS problems.
Thangavel, S.,Saravanan, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.5
This paper propose a new power conditioner topology with intelligent power management controller that integrates multiple renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and fuel cell energy with battery backup to make best use of their operating characteristics and obtain better reliability than that could be obtained by single renewable energy based power supply. The proposed embedded controller is programmed for maintaining a constant voltage at PCC, maximum power point tracking for solar PV panel and WTG and power flow control by regulating the reference currents of the controller on instantaneous basis based on the power delivered by the sources and load demand. Instantaneous variation in reference currents of the controller enhances the controller response as it accommodates the effect of continuously varying solar insolation and wind speed in the power management. The power conditioner uses a battery bank with embedded controller based online SOC estimation and battery charging system to suitably sink or source the input power based on the load demand. The simulation results of the proposed power management system for a standalone solar/WTG/fuel cell fed hybrid power supply with real time solar radiation and wind velocity data collected from solar centre, KEC for a sporadically varying load demand is presented in this paper and the results are encouraging in reliability and stability perspective.