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Avnish K. Chauhan,P. Sarat Chandra,Nishant Goyal,Madhumita R. Chowdhury,Jyotirmoy Banerjee,Manjari Tripathi,Madhulika Kabra 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4
Objective: Developmental bony craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies seem to have a genetic basis and also abnormal joint morphology causing atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and basilar invagination (BI). Methods: DNA extracted polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) performed for mutation screening of FBN1 gene (n=50 cases+ 50 age/sex-matched normal; total: 100). Samples with a deviated pattern of bands in SSCP were sequenced to detect the type of variation. Computed tomography (CT) scans of 100 patients (15–45 years old) compared with an equal number of age/sex-matched controls (21.9±8.2 years). Joint parameters studied: sagittal joint inclination (SI), craniocervical tilt (CCT), coronal joint inclination (CI). Results: Thirty-nine samples (78%) showed sequence variants. Exon 25, 26, 27, and 28 showed variable patterns of DNA bands in SSCP, which on sequencing gives various types of DNA sequence variations in intronic region of the FBN1 gene in 14%, 14%, 6%, and 44% respectively. CT radiology:SI and CCT correlated with both BI and AAD (p<0.01). The mean SI value in controls: 83.35°±8.65°, and in patients with BI and AAD:129°±24.05°. Mean CCT in controls: 60.2°±9.2°, and in patients with BI and AAD: 86.0°±18.1°. Mean CI in controls:110.3°±4.23°, and in cases: 125.15°±16.4°. Conclusion: The study showed mutations in FBN1 gene (reported in Marfan syndrome). There is also an alteration of joint morphology, correlating with AAD and BI severity. Hence, we propose a double-hit hypothesis: the presence of weak ligaments (due to FB1 gene alterations) and abnormal joint morphology may contribute to AAD and BI.
Akshey, Y.S.,Palta, P.,Manik, R.S.,Vivekananad, Vivekananad,Chauhan, M.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.5
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of removal of all ovarian follicles through repeated transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVFA) on the subsequent follicular populations in buffaloes. This information is crucial for determining the optimum time interval between successive aspirations for recovering oocytes from live buffaloes through Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval (TVOR). The oestrus of cycling buffaloes (n=5) were synchronized by a single PGF injection schedule. All the ovarian follicles were removed once every 7 days for 6 weeks through TVFA, starting from Day 7 of the oestrous cycle (Day 0 = day of oestrus). The number and size of individual ovarian follicles was recorded at Day 3 and Day 5 (Day 0 = day of TVFA) through transrectal ultrasonography. The follicles were classified on the basis of their diameter as small (3-5 mm), medium (6-9 mm) and large ($\geq$10 mm). There was no difference in the number of small and medium follicles, and the number of total follicles between Day 3 and Day 5. However, the number of large follicles was significantly higher (p<0.05) at Day 5 than that at Day 3. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the proportion of small follicles and an increase (p<0.05) in the proportion of large follicles from Day 3 to Day 5, with no change in the proportion of medium follicles. The number of total follicles at Day 3 or Day 5 did not differ during the 6 TVFA sessions. It can be concluded that an interval of 3 days is more suitable than that of 5 days between successive aspirations for recovering oocytes through TVOR in a twice weekly schedule and that repeated removal of follicles through TVFA does not adversely affect the number of total follicles 3 or 5 days after TVFA.
Interface and Microstructure Development in Carbon/Carbon Composites
R.B. Mathur,O.P. Bahl,T.L. Dhami,S.K. Chauhan,S.R. Dhakate,B. Rand 한국탄소학회 2004 Carbon Letters Vol.5 No.2
Performance of carbon-carbon composites is known to be influenced by the fibre matrix interactions. The present investigation was undertaken to ascertain the development of microstructure in such composites when carbon fibres possessing different surface energies (T-300, HM-35, P120 and Dialed 1370) and pitch matrices with different characteristics (Coal tar pitch SP110℃ and mesophase pitch SP285℃) are used as precursor materials. These composites were subjected to two different heat treatment temperatures of 1000℃ and 2600℃. Quite interesting changes in the crystalline parameters as well as the matrix microstructure are observed and attempt has been made to correlate these observations with the fibre matrix interactions.
Interface and Microstructure Development in Carbon/Carbon Composites
Mathur, R.B.,Bahl, O.P.,Dhami, T.L.,Chauhan, S.K.,Dhakate, S.R.,Rand, B. Korean Carbon Society 2004 Carbon Letters Vol.5 No.2
Performance of carbon-carbon composites is known to be influenced by the fibre matrix interactions. The present investigation was undertaken to ascertain the development of microstructure in such composites when carbon fibres possessing different surface energies (T-300, HM-35, P120 and Dialed 1370) and pitch matrices with different characteristics (Coal tar pitch $SP110^{\circ}C$ and mesophase pitch $SP285^{\circ}C$) are used as precursor materials. These composites were subjected to two different heat treatment temperatures of $1000^{\circ}C$ and $2600^{\circ}C$. Quite interesting changes in the crystalline parameters as well as the matrix microstructure are observed and attempt has been made to correlate these observations with the fibre matrix interactions.
Quality and Acceptability of Meat Nuggets with Fresh Aloe vera Gel
Rajkumar, V.,Verma, Arun K.,Patra, G.,Pradhan, S.,Biswas, S.,Chauhan, P.,Das, Arun K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5
Aloe vera has been used worldwide for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its wide biological activities. However, quality improvement of low fat meat products and their acceptability with added Aloe vera gel (AVG) is scanty. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of using fresh AVG on physicochemical, textural, sensory and nutritive qualities of goat meat nuggets. The products were prepared with 0%, 2.5%, and 5% fresh AVG replacing goat meat and were analyzed for proximate composition, physicochemical and textural properties, fatty acid profile and sensory parameters. Changes in lipid oxidation and microbial growth of nuggets were also evaluated over 9 days of refrigerated storage. The results showed that AVG significantly (p<0.05) decreased the pH value and protein content of meat emulsion and nuggets. Product yield was affected at 5% level of gel. Addition of AVG in the formulation significantly affected the values of texture profile analysis. The AVG reduced the lipid oxidation and microbial growth in nuggets during storage. Sensory panelists preferred nuggets with 2.5% AVG over nuggets with 5% AVG. Therefore, AVG up to 2.5% level could be used for quality improvement in goat meat nuggets without affecting its sensorial, textural and nutritive values.
VLS-like growth and characterizations of dense ZnO nanorods grown by e-beam process
Agarwal, D C,Chauhan, R S,Avasthi, D K,Sulania, I,Kabiraj, D,Thakur, P,Chae, K H,Chawla, Amit,Chandra, R,Ogale, S B,Pellegrini, G,Mazzoldi, P Institute of Physics [etc.] 2009 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.42 No.3
<P>We present a new approach to produce ZnO nanorods in a reproducible manner at a temperature lower than other physical vapour deposition techniques, such as the vapour–liquid–solid mechanism. Arrays of well-aligned ZnO nanorods of uniform diameter have been synthesized on the Si substrate precoated with Au, using a simple electron beam evaporation method without the flow of any carrier gas. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterizations show that as-grown nanorods are well aligned and uniform in diameter. X-ray diffraction measurements and clear lattice fringes in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image show the growth of good quality polycrystalline hexagonal ZnO nanorods and a 〈0 0 2〉 growth direction. The polarization-dependent studies of near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) are performed to investigate the electronic structure of the zinc and oxygen ions. The analysis of NEXAFS spectra at different angles of incidence of photon flux indicates the formation of ZnO nanorods having anisotropic behaviour of O and Zn states. The photoluminescence spectrum exhibits strong ultraviolet emission at 385 nm and the UV–visible spectrum also shows a band-gap transition around 390 nm indicating the good quality of nanorods. The catalytic growth mechanism of the ZnO nanorods is discussed on the basis of experimental results in this work.</P>