Slide Session : OS-END-30 ; Endocrinology : Pattern of Thyroid Dysfunction and Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Estimator in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

( Prabin Gyawali ),( Jyoti S Takanche ),( Bijay Krishna Prajapati ),( Rajendra Koju ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Thyroid dysfunction (TD) and metabolic syndrome (Met S) are known risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). TD is risk factor for ASCVD mediated by the effects of thyroid hormones on lipid metabolism and blood pressure hence the components of Met S. Although traditional lipid profile parameters are used to manage ASCVD in patients with Met S, there are no reliable biochemical parameters that can be used in early prediction, diagnosis and primary prevention. Nevertheless, recent studies have recognized serum lipid ratios, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and non- HDL Cholesterol (non-HDL-C) as a stronger predictive marker of coronary atherosclerosis and ASCVD events than isolated parameters used independently. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate -the pattern of TD in patients with Met S and - serum lipid ratios, non-HDL cholesterol, and AIP as a predictor of ASCVD in patients with Met S. Methods: Between, October 2012 and March 2014, total of 358 previously diagnosed patients with Met S and 341 healthy controls, who visited diabetes and endocrine clinic at Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal were recruited in the study. The thyroid function test parameters were measured to classify TD and the serum lipid concentrations were measured to calculate the lipid ratios, non-HDL-C and AIP. Results: The overall prevalence of TD in patients with Met S was 31.84 % with high prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism. Patients with Met S had significantly higher significantly higher lipid ratio`s, non-HDL-C (165.78±48.66 vs 135.21±47.88), and AIP levels (0.810±0.023 vs 0.546±0.014) compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with Met S develop sub-clinical hypothyroidism greatly. The measurements of serum lipid ratios, non HDL-C, and AIP level predicts high risk of developing ASCVD in patients with Met S.

Study of Change in Stainless Steel Plate Thickness using S-Domain Parameters Derived from Transient Eddy Current Oscillations Method

Yesudasu Bammidi,Chandra S Angani,K Sambasiva Rao,M. B. Kishore,G. Krishna Podagatlapalli,S. Sreedhar 한국자기학회 2022 Journal of Magnetics Vol.27 No.2

Failures in the industrial components are unavoidable due to material degradation from various sources, thus continuous monitoring and timely inspection is mandatory for structural safety. In the present study, the recently developed Transient Eddy Current Oscillations (TECO) method is used to detect wall-thinning in a stainless-steel plate. Unlike the conventional Eddy Current Testing impedance plane data a new interpretation method has been implemented to identify a thickness variation using the S-domain parameters. Furthermore, time and frequency spectral features are analysed to get more insight into the results. The decay time and the resonant frequency are the basis for the discussion to assess the wall thickness.

Control of Late Leaf Spot of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) by Extracts from Non-Host Plant Species

Kishore, G.Krishna,Pande, S.,Rao, J.Narayana The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2001 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.17 No.5

The effects of leaf extracts of 14 different non-host plant species on in vitro conidial germination of Phaeoisariopsis personata, the causal organism of late leaf spot(LLS) of groundnut were evaluated. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of Datura metel, Lawsonia inermis and aqueous leaf extracts of Sphaeranthus indicus at 25%(w/v) concentration completely inhibited the conidial germination of P. personata both at 24h and 48h after incubation. Aqueous leaf extracts of Blumea bifoliata, Eucalyptus globules, Ocimum sanctum and Pongamia pinnata, and ethanol leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica and S. indicus inhibited the conidial germination by >90%. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extract of L. inermis and S. indicus were highly inhibitory to conidial germination up to 1% concentration. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of D. metel and ethanol leaf extract of A. indica were highly inhibitory to P. personata even at 0.01% (100 ppm) concentration. Ethanol leaf extract of A. indica up to $80^{\circ}$, aqueous leaf extracts of D. metel and S. indicus up to $100^{\circ}$, and L. inermis up to $60^{\circ}$, were highly stable and retained their fungitoxic effects. Extract of D. metel was antifungal even after 180 days when it was stored both at room temperature and $4^{\circ}$. Aqueous leaf extract of D. metel at 2% concentration effectively reduced the development of LLS by >60%, under greenhouse conditions both in prophylactic and simultaneous applications. Extracts of D. metel could be a potential economical and an eco-frendly alternative for control of late leaf spot, and its efficacy under field conditions is further being evaluated.

Combined Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride has an Improved Biocontrol Activity Against Stem Rot in Groundnut

Manjula, K.,Kishore, G.Krishna,Girish, A.G.,Singh, S.D. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2004 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.20 No.1

In an attempt to develop effective biocontrol system for management of stem rot disease in groundnut, 57 bacterial isolates and 13 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Sclerotium rolfsii. The antagonists were selected based on their ability to inhibit the external growth of S. rolfsii from infected groundnut seeds. Four isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, GB 4, GB 8, GB 10 and GB 27, and T. viride pq 1 were identified as potent antagonists of S. rolfsii. T. viride pq 1 produced extracellular chitinase and parasitized the mycelium of S. rolfsii. Under controlled environment conditions, P. fluorescens GB 10, GB 27, T. viride pq 1 and the systemic fungicide Thiram(equation omitted) reduced the mortality of S. rolfsii inoculated to groundnut seedlings by 58.0%, 55.9%, 70.0% and 25.9%, respectively compared to control. In vitro growth of P. fluorescens GB 10 and GB 27 was compatible with T. viride pq 1 and Thiram(equation omitted). Integrated use of these two bacterial isolates with T. viride pq 1 or Thiram(equation omitted) improved their biocontrol efficacy. Combined application of either GB 10 or GB 27 with T. viride pq 1 was significantly effective than that with Thiram(equation omitted) in protecting groundnut seedlings from stem rot infection.

An Analytical Model for the Threshold Voltage of Short-Channel Double-Material-Gate (DMG) MOSFETs with a Strained-Silicon (s-Si) Channel on Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) Substrates

Shiv Bhushan,Santunu Sarangi,Gopi Krishna S.,Abirmoya Santra,Sarvesh Dubey,Pramod Kumar Tiwari 대한전자공학회 2013 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.13 No.4

In this paper, an analytical threshold voltage model is developed for a short-channel double-material-gate (DMG) strained-silicon (s-Si) on silicon-germanium (Si1-x Gex) MOSFET structure. The proposed threshold voltage model is based on the so called virtual-cathode potential formulation. The virtual-cathode potential is taken as minimum channel potential along the transverse direction of the channel and is derived from tow-dimensional (2D) potential distribution of channel region. The (2D) potential distribution of channel region. The 2D channel potential is formulated by solving the 2D Poisson"s equation with suitable boundary conditions in both the strained-Si layer and relaxed Si1-x Gex layer. The effects of a number of device parameters like the Ge mole fraction, Si film thickness and gate-length ratio have been considered on threshold voltage. Further, the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has also been analyzed for gate-length ratio and amount of strain variations. The validity of the present 2D analytical model is verified with ATLAS<SUP>TM</SUP>, a 2D device simulator from Silvaco Inc.

Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Polymer Systems Doped with Rare-Earth Metal Ions and Their Complexes

Krishna Rao, K. S.,Liu, H. G.,Lee, Y. I. Taylor Francis 2010 Applied spectroscopy reviews Vol.45 No.6

Effects of phytoestrogens on reproductive organ health

S. Swathi Krishna,Beena Briget Kuriakose,P. K. Lakshmi 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.12

Phytoestrogens are non-steroidal, polyphenoliccompounds that are derived from plants and have biologicalproperties similar to those of human estrogens. Their bioactivity,which is based on the core ring system, is causedby their structural resemblance to estrogen. Flavonoids,coumestans, lignans, and stilbenes are the four major categoriesinto which they can be divided. They are structurallyand functionally related to ovarian and placental estrogens,which are essential in female reproductive processes. Phytoestrogensare present in numerous dietary supplementsand fi nd application in hormone replacement therapy asan alternative to synthetic hormones. In addition, they providehealth benefi ts for osteoporosis, heart disease, breastcancer, and prostate cancer. There is a growing interest inusing phytoestrogen as preventative medicine in the formof nutraceuticals. This literature provides comprehensiveinformation about the types, sources, and biological actionsof phytoestrogens in the reproductive system.

Design and investigation of a shape memory alloy actuated gripper

S. Krishna Chaitanya,K. Dhanalakshmi 국제구조공학회 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.4

This paper proposes a new design of shape memory alloy (SMA) wire actuated gripper for open mode operation. SMA can generate smooth muscle movements during actuation which make them potentially good contenders in designing grippers. The principle of the shape memory alloy gripper is to convert the linear displacement of the SMA wire actuator into the angular displacement of the gripping jaw. Steady state analysis is performed to design the wire diameter of the bias spring for a known SMA wire. The gripper is designed to open about an angle of 22.5 when actuated using pulsating electric current from a constant current source. The safe operating power range of the gripper is determined and verified theoretically. Experimental evaluation for the uncontrolled gripper showed a rotation of 19.97. Forced cooling techniques were employed to speed up the cooling process. The gripper is simple and robust in design (single movable jaw), easy to fabricate, low cost, and exhibits wide handling capabilities like longer object handling time and handling wide sizes of objects with minimum utilization of power since power is required only to grasp and release operations.

Preparation of polypyrrole by chemical oxidation: applications for sensor studies

S. Pavithra,R. Thejas,H. N. Anil Rao,B. S. Krishna,G. Nagaraju 한국고분자학회 2024 Macromolecular Research Vol.32 No.1

Polypyrrole has gained more attention in conducting polymer science due to its ease of preparation and many advantages. In this article, by chemical oxidation method, three different polypyrroles were prepared using ferric chloride as an oxidant, including surfactant and natural directing agent, and named the samples PPY-1, PPY-2, and PPY-3. XRD, XPS, EDX, FT-IR, SEM, and electrical conductivity was used to characterize the synthesized polypyrrole. XRD confirms that the prepared samples were polypyrrole by showing peaks in the range of 20°–23°. SEM analysis shows that the sizes are between 120 and 180 nm. The present research work is a modest attempt to demonstrate for the first-time detection of hazardous gas using natural directing agent during polypyrrole synthesis. The prepared samples were used for the sensing of butane. PPY-2 shows a high electrical conductivity of 14 × 10– 3 S cm− 1 and gas sensing with a sensitivity value of 42.03 with lesser response and recovery time. This study reveals the fabrication of low-cost materials for butane sensors.

Effect of Potassium Magnesium Citrate and Vitamin B-6 Prophylaxis for Recurrent and Multiple Calcium Oxalate and Phosphate Urolithiasis

S.V. Krishna Reddy,Ahammad Basha Shaik,Suneel Bokkisam 대한비뇨의학회 2014 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.55 No.6

Purpose: To study the effects of long-term treatment with potassium magnesium citrateand vitamin B-6 prophylaxis (Urikind-KM6; 1,100-mg potassium citrate, 375-mg magnesiumcitrate, and 20-mg pyridoxine hydrochloride/5 mL) every 8 hours over 3 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 247 patients with recurrent idiopathic hypocitraturiawith or without hyperuricosuria and randomized controls were studied prospectivelyfor 3 years. The total patients were divided into three groups. Control group 1 consistedof 61 patients (24.7%) who had moderate to severe hypocitraturia with or without hyperuricosuriaand were recurrent stone formers but discontinued prophylaxis because ofdrug intolerance within 1 month of therapy. Control group 2 constituted 53 patients(21.5%) who were first-time stone formers and who had mild hypocitraturia with orwithout hyperuricosuria and were not put on prophylactic therapy and were followedfor 3.16±0.08 years. Control group 3 constituted 133 patients (54.8%) who were recurrentstone formers who had moderate to severe hypocitraturia with or without hyperuricosuriaand were put on prophylaxis therapy and were followed for 3.16±0.08years. All patients were followed up at 6-month intervals. Results: Potassium magnesium citrate prophylaxis produced a sustained increase in24-hour urinary citrate excretion from initially low values (221.79±13.39 mg/dL) towithin normal to high limits (604.04±5.00 mg/dL) at the 6-month follow-up. UrinarypH rose significantly from 5.62±0.2 to 6.87±0.01 and was maintained at 6.87±0.01. Thestone recurrence rate declined from 3.23±1.04 per patient per year to 0.35±0.47 per patientper year. Conclusions: Potassium magnesium citrate prophylaxis was effective in reducing therecurrence of calcium oxalate and phosphate urolithiasis.