Antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of Streptococcus iniae and Streptococcus parauberis isolated from olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Park, Y.K.,Nho, S.W.,Shin, G.W.,Park, S.B.,Jang, H.B.,Cha, I.S.,Ha, M.A.,Kim, Y.R.,Dalvi, R.S.,Kang, B.J.,Jung, T.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2009 Veterinary microbiology Vol.136 No.1

The rates of antibiotic susceptibility and resistance were investigated in Streptococcus iniae and Streptococcus parauberis isolates obtained from diseased olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus) collected from fish farms in Jeju Island, Korea. Isolates of S. iniae (n=65) were susceptible to cefotaxime, erythromycin, ofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline and vancomycin, as demonstrated by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. Isolates of S. parauberis (n=86) were highly resistant to erythromycin (58% of the 86 isolates tested) and tetracycline (63% of the 86 isolates tested). Fifty-four isolates of tetracycline-resistant S. parauberis contained the tet(M/O/S) genes, of which 39 and 12 isolates contained the tet(M) and tet(S) genes, respectively, whereas 3 isolates contained both the tet(M) and tet(S) genes. Among the erythromycin-resistant isolates of S. parauberis (n=50) only 14 contained the erm(B) gene. These results suggest that the tet(S) and erm(B) genes of S. parauberis are involved in the acquisition of high-level resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline. Our findings reveal a high rate of antibiotic resistance among strains of S. parauberis and emphasize the need to develop an appropriate vaccine to reduce the use of antibiotics.

인두편도염 환자와 보균자에서 분리한 Streptococcus pyogenes의 T-protein serotyping 및 항균제 감수성

이영희,황규잠,주영란,박강수,이광준,엄영길,배송미,차성호 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-

Optical Properties and Glass-forming Region of the K2O-Sm2O3-TeO2 Glass System

K. S. Hong,Y. J. Cha,M. G. Ha,최세용,J. P. Kim,B. S. Lee,정의덕,김현규,P. H. Borse 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.9

The optical properties and the glass-forming region of the K2O-Sm2O3-TeO2 glass system arestudied. In the K2O-Sm2O3-TeO2 system, only the 5K2O-5Sm2O3-90TeO2 composition gives atransparent glass. The refractive index, n, and the optical band-gap energy, Eg, of the 5K2O-5Sm2O3-90TeO2 glass are n = 2.04 ± 0.003 and Eg = 3.2 eV, respectively. A single Sm2Te6O15phase is found to be formed by a two-step thermal treatment process at 370 C for 5 h and 390 Cfor 5 h. This is the first report on the crystallization and the preparation of the K2O-Sm2O3-TeO2glass system.

Suppression of -N-acetylglucosaminidase in the N-glycosylation pathway for complex glycoprotein formation in Drosophila S2 cells

Kim, Y. K.,Kim, K. R.,Kang, D. G.,Jang, S. Y.,Kim, Y. H.,Cha, H. J. Oxford University Press 2009 Glycobiology Vol.19 No.3

<P>Most insect cells have a simple N-glycosylation process and consequently paucimannosidic or simple core glycans predominate. Previously, we have shown that paucimannosidic N-glycan structures are dominant in Drosophila S2 cells. It has been proposed that beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (GlcNAcase), a hexosaminidase in the Golgi membrane which removes a terminal N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), might contribute to simple N-glycosylation in several insects and insect-derived cells except S2 cells. In the present work, we investigated the substantial effects of GlcNAcase on N-glycan patterns in Drosophila S2 cells using two GlcNAcase suppression strategies: an mRNA-targeting approach using RNA interference (RNAi) and a protein-targeting approach using the specific chemical inhibitor 2-acetamido-1,2-dideoxynojirimycin (2-ADN). Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analyses, we found that the N-glycosylation patterns of human erythropoietin (hEPO) secreted by stably transfected S2 cells were more complex following GlcNAcase suppression, which generated N-glycan structures with a terminal GlcNAc and/or galactose. These data demonstrate that GlcNAcase may be an important factor in the formation of paucimannosidic core N-glycans in Drosophila S2 cells and suggest that it may be possible to express complex glycoproteins in engineered Drosophila S2 cells by suppressing GlcNAcase in the N-glycosylation pathway.</P>

Characteristics of Adherence and Invasion of Staphylococcus lugdunensis to Human Oral Epithelial Cells

Cha, J. D.,Lee, S. H.,Jung, K. Y.,Lim, D.S.,Woo, W. H.,Kim, K. J. Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1999 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.24 No.2

Staphulococcus lugdunensis is one of the most common pathogens in coagulase-negative staphylococci. Adhesion and invasion of S. lugdunensis to oral epithelial cells were demonstrated by recovery of viable organisms from gentamicin-treated KB cells, human oral epidemoid carcinoma cells. Adhesion was found to be time dependent and increased linearly with increasing number of bacteria added (10^3-10^5 CFU/well). Bacterial adhesion to the KB cells occurred via a cytochalasin B- and D-insensitive process. To clarify the time point and characteristics of S. lugdunensis invasion of KB cells, bacteria (10^4 CFU/well) were cocultered for several different times (1-5 hr) with or without cytochalasin B (1 ㎍/ml), follwed by additional coculture for 2hr in the presence of gentamicin (100㎍/ml). No bacteria were recovered at 2 hr, but a few colonies were detected after 3 hr of coculture. In addition, cytochalasin B also did not affect invasion of S. lugdunensis into KB cells. The data obtained here demonstrate that S. lugdunensis can adhere to the KB cells via a cytoskeletal actin protein-independent process; however its invasion through the cellular membrane is unclear. These data suggest a tissue-specific characteristic of pathogenesis for S. lugdunensis in in vivo.

부산지역 약물남용환자 실태에 관한 조사연구

차영미,김공현,윤용균,진성태 인제대학교 1992 仁濟醫學 Vol.13 No.1

본 조사연구는 1988년 7월 1일부터 1990년 6월 38일까지 2년 간에 걸쳐 지방공사 부산의료원에서 약물남용환자로 입원하여 치료받고 퇴원한 전체 351명(남자 263명, 여자 88명)을 대상으로 이들의 치료 경과를 기록해 놓은 신경정신과의 병록지를 중심으로 부산지역 약물남용환자들의 실태를 파악한 것이다. This study was carried out to identify characteristics of drug abusers who were treated and discharged from 1 July 1988 to 30 June 1990 in the Department of Neuropsychiatry, the Pusan Municipal Medical Centre. The subjects were composed of 351 patients who were discharged during the period of the study. Data for the study were obtained from the subjects medical records of the Centre The results are as follows : 1.40.2% of the subjects were in the 30-39 age group and 77.8% of them were in the 20's and 30's. 2.90.9% of the subjects exposed to narcotics at ages of 19-39. It is observed that there is an increasing tendency of drug abuse in teen-agers. 3.82.3% of the subjects were exposed to natorics by either friends or peers. 4.70.0% of the subjects agreed that the primary motive to take narcotics was inducement or curiosity. 5.76.3% of the subjects took narcotics 1 or 2 times per day, 15.6% 3 times, 4.2% 4 times, 2.4% 5 times. 6.70.0% of the subjects bought narcotics from peddlers, 29.7% from dens of addicts, only 0.3% from pharmacy.

Role of conserved Met112 residue in the catalytic activity and stability of ketosteroid isomerase

Cha, H.J.,Jang, D.S.,Jeong, J.H.,Hong, B.H.,Yun, Y.S.,Shin, E.J.,Choi, K.Y. Elsevier Science 2016 Biochimica et biophysica acta. Proteins and proteo Vol.1864 No.10

<P>Ketosteroid isomerase (3-oxosteroid Delta(5)-Delta(4)-isomerase, KSI) from Pseudomonas putida catalyzes allylic rearrangement of the 5,6-double bond of Delta(5)-3-ketosteroid to 4,5-position by stereospecific intramolecular transfer of a proton. The active site of KSI is formed by several hydrophobic residues and three catalytic residues (Tyr14, Asp38, and Asp99). In this study, we investigated the role of a hydrophobic Met112 residue near the active site in the catalysis, steroid binding, and stability of KSI. Replacing Met112 with alanine (yields M112A) or leucine (M112L) decreased the k(cat) by 20- and 4-fold, respectively. Compared with the wild type (WT), M112A and M112L KSIs showed increased K-D values for equilenin, an intermediate analogue; these changes suggest that loss of packing at position 112 might lead to unfavorable steroid binding, thereby resulting in decreased catalytic activity. Furthermore, M112A and M112L mutations reduced melting temperature (T-m) by 6.4 degrees C and 2.5 degrees C, respectively. These changes suggest that favorable packing in the core is important for the maintenance of stability in KSI. The M112K mutation decreased k(cat) by 2000-fold, compared with the WT. In M112K KSI structure, a new salt bridge was formed between Asp38 and Lys112. This bridge could change the electrostatic potential of Asp38, and thereby contribute to the decreased catalytic activity. The M112K mutation also decreased the stability by reducing T-m by 4.1 degrees C. Our data suggest that the Met112 residue may contribute to the catalytic activity and stability of KSI by providing favorable hydrophobic environments and compact packing in the catalytic core. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>

Plasma Ghrelin Levels and Their Relationship with Gastric Emptying in Patients with Dysmotility-Like Functional Dyspepsia

Lee, K.J.,Cha, D.Y.,Cheon, S.J.,Yeo, M.,Cho, S.W. S. Karger AG 2009 Digestion Vol.80 No.1

<P><I>Background/Aims:</I> Ghrelin affects gastric motility. However, little is known about the role of ghrelin in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD). We investigated plasma ghrelin levels and their relationship with gastric emptying time in dysmotility-like FD patients. <I>Methods:</I> 42 patients with dysmotility-like FD and 14 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Gastric half-emptying time was measured using a radiolabeled meal. Plasma total ghrelin levels before and after the meal were determined using a radioimmunoassay kit. <I>Results:</I> Preprandial ghrelin levels were significantly lower in FD patients than in controls. Postprandial ghrelin levels were similar between the two groups. Abnormally low preprandial ghrelin levels were observed in 7 out of 42 patients, in whom significant postprandial decrease of ghrelin levels was absent. Delayed gastric emptying was observed in 5 out of 7 patients with abnormally low ghrelin levels. Pre- or postprandial ghrelin levels were not significantly correlated with gastric half-emptying time, both in the patient group and in the control group. <I>Conclusions:</I> Abnormally low preprandial ghrelin levels and absence of significant postprandial decrease of ghrelin levels are present in a subset of dysmotility-like FD patients. Further investigation on the pathogenetic implication of these alterations in FD is required.</P><P>Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates in Pekin ducks from South Korea

Cha, S.Y.,Kang, M.,Yoon, R.H.,Park, C.K.,Moon, O.K.,Jang, H.K. Pergamon Press 2013 Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectiou Vol.36 No.5

An investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella serotypes at South Korean duck farms. A total of 7119 samples collected from 72 duck farms in five provinces were examined from 2011 to 2012. The overall prevalence of Salmonella serotypes was 43.4% (69/159) in duck flocks from 65.2% (47/72) of the duck farms. Eighty-five strains were isolated from 69 duck flocks. Three serotypes of Salmonella enterica were identified such as S. Typhimurium (39/85), S. Enteritidis (44/85), and S. London (2/85). The prevalence of Salmonella infection decreased significantly in 3-week-old ducks compared to that in 1-week-old ducks (P<0.05). All isolates except one were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 27% of the isolates were resistant to 5-16 antimicrobials. Our findings provide baseline information on the degree of Salmonella infection and distribution of Salmonella serotypes in ducks and indicate that ducks should be considered an important source of foodborne pathogens.

분산환경에서 RPC를 이용한 시스템 소프트웨어의 성능 측정 방법에 관한 연구

차영준,임동선,강희국,김광균,박윤용 선문대학교 대학원 1999 대학원학술논문집 Vol.1 No.-

본 논문에서는 이종의 분산 환경에서 동종의 하드웨어 기반아래에서의 UNIX 시스템 소프트웨어의 성능을 비교 · 분석 평가 할 수 있는 벤치마크 프로크램의 구현에 관하여 기술하였다. 이종의 분산 환경에서 시스템 소프트웨어의 성능을 us단위까지 측정 가능한 스톱워치 타이머롤 설계하였다. 그리고, 원격프로시저호출(RPC)를 이용하여 다른 UNIX 시스템 소프트웨어의 성능을 측정하였다 A UV laser annealing was carried out on amorphous SiC films which were deposited on Si substrate by using plasma-enhanced chemical-vapour deposition. Scanning electron microscope micrographs taken from the surfaces of the films exhibited images of grains that were not presented before the UV laser treatment. Fourier-transformed infrared and X-ray diffraction experiments identified those grains as microcrystals of SiC and Si transformed from the amorphous state. Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling analysis showed that there were more Si atoms than C atoms in the layer. The resistivities of films changed abruptly from 170 Ωcm to 226 kΩcm after the UV laser annealing.