Efficacy of selected adjuvants for protecting Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus from sunlight inactivation

A.S. Sajap,M.A. Bakir,H.A. Kadir,N.A. Samad 한국응용곤충학회 2009 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.12 No.2

Efficacy of selected adjuvants for protecting Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) from sunlight inactivation was tested in direct sunlight exposure bioassays and in the field on virus-treated Brassica chinensis var parachinensis plants. All adjuvants, except palm oil, gave significant protection to the virus after 16 h of sunlight exposure, as shown by the larval mortalities. Cumulative mortalities after 14 days show that the virus +Tinopal treatment and the virus not to sunlight treatment attained 100% mortality, while the virus in riboflavin treatment and the crude brown sugar treatment caused mortality of less than 30%. However, the LT50 value of virus+Tinopal was 1.2 times lower than the unexposed virus. All virus-treated plants in the field trials had higher yields and lower damage indices than the control plants. Unlike the results from direct sunlight exposure bioassays, adjuvants, including virus+Tinopal LPW, did not significantly enhance efficacy of the virus against early instars of S. litura in the field. The unformulated virus was as effective as virus+Tinopal LPWand Nurelle-D in protecting the plants from infestation. Thus, in a well-planned pest management program, SpltNPV, without any adjuvant, can be used effectively for controlling S. litura on B. chinensis var parachinensis. Efficacy of selected adjuvants for protecting Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) from sunlight inactivation was tested in direct sunlight exposure bioassays and in the field on virus-treated Brassica chinensis var parachinensis plants. All adjuvants, except palm oil, gave significant protection to the virus after 16 h of sunlight exposure, as shown by the larval mortalities. Cumulative mortalities after 14 days show that the virus +Tinopal treatment and the virus not to sunlight treatment attained 100% mortality, while the virus in riboflavin treatment and the crude brown sugar treatment caused mortality of less than 30%. However, the LT50 value of virus+Tinopal was 1.2 times lower than the unexposed virus. All virus-treated plants in the field trials had higher yields and lower damage indices than the control plants. Unlike the results from direct sunlight exposure bioassays, adjuvants, including virus+Tinopal LPW, did not significantly enhance efficacy of the virus against early instars of S. litura in the field. The unformulated virus was as effective as virus+Tinopal LPWand Nurelle-D in protecting the plants from infestation. Thus, in a well-planned pest management program, SpltNPV, without any adjuvant, can be used effectively for controlling S. litura on B. chinensis var parachinensis.

DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPANT CLASSIFICATION AND POSITION DETECTION FOR INTELLIGENT SAFETY SYSTEM

M. A. HANNAN,A. HUSSAIN,S. A. SAMAD,A. MOHAMED,D. A. WAHAB,A. K. ARIFFIN 한국자동차공학회 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.7

Occupant classification and position detection have been significant research areas in intelligent safety systems in the automotive field. The detection and classification of seat occupancy open up new ways to control the safety system. This paper deals with a novel algorithm development, hardware implementation and testing of a prototype intelligent safety system for occupant classification and position detection for in-vehicle environment. Borland C++ program is used to develop the novel algorithm interface between the sensor and data acquisition system. MEMS strain gauge hermatic pressure sensor containing micromachined integrated circuits is installed inside the passenger seat. The analog output of the sensor is connected with a connector to a PCI-9111 DG data acquisition card for occupancy detection, classification and position detection. The algorithm greatly improves the detection of whether an occupant is present or absent, and the classification of either adult, child or non-human object is determined from weights using the sensor. A simple computation algorithm provides the determination of the occupant’s appropriate position using centroidal calculation. A real time operation is achieved with the system. The experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the implemented prototype is robust for occupant classification and position detection. This research may be applied in intelligent airbag design for efficient deployment.

DECISION FUSION OF A MULTI-SENSING EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR OCCUPANT SAFETY MEASURES

M. A. HANNAN,A. HUSSAIN,A. MOHAMED,S. A. SAMAD,D. A. WAHAB 한국자동차공학회 2010 International journal of automotive technology Vol.11 No.1

The need for an embedded system that can fuse incomplete, inconsistent, and imprecise decisions from several sensing systems is a crucial step in achieving an effective decision for occupant safety measures. This paper deals with the decision fusion strategies of a multi-sensing embedded system to achieve significant enhancement in the reliability of occupant safety through the fused decisions. Multi-sensing approaches to determine weight, vision, and crash sensing are developed for occupant detection, classification, position calculation, and crash detection. A rule-based decision fusion algorithm is then developed to fuse the multi-sensing decisions. The developed sensing systems are incorporated into an embedded device. To execute the embedded system, a system interface between the software and hardware is developed using Lab Window/CVI with the C programming language. The experimental results demonstrated that the real time operation of the embedded system validate the effectiveness of the decision fusion algorithm, characterize the safety measures and monitor the decision application. Several events were tested that prove the performance of the embedded system is robust towards occupant safety measures.

Epidemiology of Breast Cancer among Females in Basrah

Habib, Omran S,Hameed, Lamis A,Ajeel, Narjis A,Al-Hawaz, Mazin H,Al-Faddagh, Zaki A,Nasr, Ghalib N,Al-Sodani, Ali H,Khalaf, Asaad A,Hasson, Hasson M,Abdul-Samad, Aida A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in females. Its incidence is higher in developed countries than in developing ones partly due to variation in risk exposure and partly due to better detection methods. Scattered evidence in Basrah, Iraq, suggests that breast cancer has been increasing at a significant pace in recent years. This study aimed to measure the current level of risk of breast cancer among females in Basrah and to describe the time trend over almost a decade of years. Data on breast cancer cases from all sources of cancer registration in Basrah governorate were compiled for the years 2005-2012. The data for each year were first checked separately for duplicate reporting of cases among various sources. Then the eight files were pooled together and checked again for any duplicate cases among years of registration. The final set of data contained 2,284 cases of breast cancer (2,213 female cases and 71 male cases). All patients were inhabitants of Basrah governorate at the time of diagnosis. Figures on the Basrah population were obtained from various sources including the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Planning and Developmental Collaboration and local household surveys. It was possible to have total population estimates for each year and by age and sex. The data were imported into SPSS (version 17) software. Age specific and year specific incidence rates were calculated. The age standardized incidence rate was also calculated using world population as the standard population to be 34.9 per 100,000 females. Age-wise, no case was reported among children aged less than 15 years and the incidence increased with advancing age reaching a peak of 123.8/100,000 females at the age range of 50-54 years. The time trend of the crude incidence rate showed only modest increased risk with passage of years and no age shift could be documented in this study. Breast cancer in females in Basrah is a significant health problem. The current incidence rate (crude, 23.7/100,000, age-standardized, 34.9/100,000) is high and justifies intensive efforts to improve early detection of cases, provide better treatment amenities and introduce long term preventive measures. Using the age standardized incidence rate as reported in this paper, it is possible to put the risk in Basrah within a regional and international context.

DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPANT CLASSIFICATION AND POSITION DETECTION FOR INTELLIGENT SAFETY SYSTEM

Hannan, M.A.,Hussain, A.,Samad, S.A.,Mohamed, A.,Wahab, D.A.,Ariffin, A.K. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.7

Occupant classification and position detection have been significant research areas in intelligent safety systems in the automotive field. The detection and classification of seat occupancy open up new ways to control the safety system. This paper deals with a novel algorithm development, hardware implementation and testing of a prototype intelligent safety system for occupant classification and position detection for in-vehicle environment. Borland C++ program is used to develop the novel algorithm interface between the sensor and data acquisition system. MEMS strain gauge hermatic pressure sensor containing micromachined integrated circuits is installed inside the passenger seat. The analog output of the sensor is connected with a connector to a PCI-9111 DG data acquisition card for occupancy detection, classification and position detection. The algorithm greatly improves the detection of whether an occupant is present or absent, and the classification of either adult, child or non-human object is determined from weights using the sensor. A simple computation algorithm provides the determination of the occupant's appropriate position using centroidal calculation. A real time operation is achieved with the system. The experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the implemented prototype is robust for occupant classification and position detection. This research may be applied in intelligent airbag design for efficient deployment.

Effects of crude oil-water emulsions at various water-cut on the performance of the centrifugal pump

Bellary, Sayed A.,Siddique, Md. Hamid,Samad, Abdus,Sangwai, Jitendra S.,Chon, Bohyun Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 2017 International journal of oil, gas and coal technol Vol.16 No.1

<P>The viscosity of the oil-in-water or water-in-oil depends on the water-cut (WC) present in the system. At a certain WC, the water-crude oil emulsion gives the highest viscosity, showing phase inversion, at which the performance of a centrifugal pump drops. In this article, experimental and analytical investigations have been carried out to study the performance of a centrifugal pump for the crude oil-water emulsion systems prepared by mixing crude oil obtained from an Indian oil field and water. The viscosities of the emulsions having different WC were recorded and a phase inversion point within 60%-70% WC range was obtained. During testing of the pump, emulsion samples were collected and stability of the emulsions was determined. A performance study on the centrifugal pump has been carried out using various samples of the emulsions. The study shows that the increasing WC reduces the pump performance till the phase inversion point. It has been observed that the quality crude oil and the emulsion affect the performance of the centrifugal pump.</P>

Study of Factors Leading to Seasonality of Reproduction in Dairy Buffaloes. II. Non-Nutritional Factors

Qureshi, M.S.,Habib, G.,Samad, H.A.,Lodhi, L.A.,Usmani, R.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.7

Fifth one Nili-Ravi dairy buffaloes in their last two months of gestation, were selected in NWFP Pakistan. Rectal palpation was carried out fortnightly, until the occurrence of first estrus. Ovulation was confirmed per rectum and milk progesterone levels (MPL). Body condition score (BCS)was recorded weekly. Milk samples were collected weekly for MPL and blood samples fortnightly for metabolites analysis. Milk yield was recorded and samples were collected for milk fat. The buffaloes calving during the normal breeding season (NBS, August to January)had short (p<0.01) postpartum estrus interval of $55.95{\pm}4.90$ days versus $91.15{\pm}11.61 $ days in the buffaloes calving during the low breeding season (LBS, February to July). MPL in the LBS calvers remained lower than NBS calves (p<0.01). The incidence of silent ovulation was higher during LBS as compared to NBS (70.6% versus 29.4%). MPL showed a pattern opposite to atmospheric temperature. In NBS calvers serum glucose levels were higher (p<0.01) and magnesium levels were lower (p<0.01) than LBS calvers. Higher serum urea was found in summer and spring than that autumn and winter (p<0.05). The reproductive performance in buffaloes calving in the LBS coincided with a low BCS (p<0.01). Fat corrected milk production (FCM) was higher in NBS than LBS (p<0.01) calvers.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Performance of a Centrifugal Pump When Pumping Water and Light Crude Oil

Siddique, M. H.,Bellary, S. A.,Samad, A.,Kim, J. H.,Choi, Y. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Arabian journal for science and engineering: AJSE Vol.42 No.11

Study on Factors Leading to Seasonality of Reproduction in Dairy Buffaloes. I. Nutritional Factors

Qureshi, M.S.,Samad, H.A.,Habib, G.,Usmani, R.H.,Siddiqui, M.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.7

Fifth one Nili-Ravi dairy buffaloes were studied in North-west Frontier Province of Pakistan. Rectal examination of reproductive organs was carried out on days 14 and 21 and then fortnightly. Milk samples were collected and analyzed for progesterone levels (MPL). Feed samples were collected fortnightly and analyzed. The buffaloes calving during the normal breeding season (NBS, August to January) (p<0.01) postpartum estrus interval of 55.95 days versus 91.15 days in those calving during the low breeding season (LBS, February to July). MPL in the LBS remained lower than the NBS (p<0.01). Shortest postpartum ovulation interval was noted during autumn(August to October), followed by winter (November to January), summer (May to July) and spring (February to April). The incidence of silent ovulations was during LBS than NBS (70.6% versus 29.4%). In autumn there was minimum intake of crude protein (CPI) and maximum intake of metabolizable energy (MEI, p<0.01). Calcium intake was higher in NBS than LBS calving buffaloes (p<0.01). Phosphorus, copper and magnesium intake was lower (p<0.05) and zinc intake was higher (p<0.01) in autumn, It was (p<0.05) and zinc intake was higher (p<0.01) in autumn, It was concluded that onset of breeding season was associated with increasing MEI and decreasing CPI and minerals intake.

Comparison between basal and conventional implants as a treatment modality in atrophied ridges

Shakhawan M,Ali,Kawan S,Othman,Abduljaleel A,Samad,Payman Kh,Mahmud 대한치과이식임플란트학회 2019 The Korean Academy of Implant Dentistry Vol.38 No.2

Implant placement in severely atrophic jaws is especially challenging because of the poor quality and quantity of the future implant bed. Although various bone augmentation procedure like ridge augmentation, sinus lift these procedures are possible today but it may lead to surgical morbidity they increase the risks and costs of dental implant treatment as well as the number of necessary operations. Also sometimes the patient is not agreeing for such extensive surgical procedures, according to the well-known implantological rules for dental restorations, crestal implants are indicated in situations when an adequate amount of bone is present but basal implant a viable treatment option derives support from the basal bone area which usually remains free from the infection and less prone to resorption. This article discusses about the review literature of using basal implants and the differences that exist between basal implants and crestal implants in rehabilitation of atrophied edentulous jaws.