A formal scheme for prosodic disalignment

William Hart 한국음운론학회 2017 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.23 No.1

This paper presents a formalized scheme for the representation of constraints that codify the force of prosodic repulsion, a concept first introduced in Hart (2015a) and expanded upon in Hart (2015b). Prosodic repulsion embodies a force of resistance between phonological entities which works together in concert with a force of attraction between entities to define and regulate prosodic structure. While the force of attraction has commonly been referred to as alignment, the force of repulsion can analogously be understood as disalignment. The proposed scheme for the formalization of such disalignment has here been dubbed Generalized Repulsion for the commonalities it shares with the constraint scheme proposed by McCarthy and Prince (1993), yet it differs from Generalized Alignment in several respects. First, the arguments of GR constraints indicating the relevant prosodic structures are both marked with the universal operator. Second, reference to only one edge is required. Third, an additional argument is included to represent the buffer, which is the minimal distance required between the two constituents that repel each other. With the introduction of this constraint scheme, the overall phonological grammar as a whole is simplified, and several previously unconnected phonological phenomena can be brought together under a single theoretical umbrella.

Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine the Effects of Sex and Physical Activity on the Metabolic Syndrome and Health-related Quality of Life Relationship

Peter D. Hart(Peter D. Hart ) 사피엔시아 2018 Exercise Medicine Vol.2 No.-

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to use structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the moderating effects of sex and the mediating effects of physical activity (PA) on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) relationship. Methods: The 2013-14 NHANES was used and included 1,077 adults 50+ years of age. A latent construct of MetS was created using five observed variables: waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and mean arterial pressure. A PA variable was created from self-reported moderate and vigorous recreational activity and converted to quartiles of moderate-to-vigorous PA minutes per week. HRQOL was assessed from a question regarding self-rated general health and dichotomized to indicate poor/good HRQOL. Results: The MetS latent model showed adequate fit (χ2/df = 2.47, GFI = 0.99, CFI = 0.99, and RMSEA = 0.04) and significantly (P<.001) predicted all observed variables. The structural model also showed adequate fit with significant direct effects of MetS on HRQOL (β= −0.118, P<0.001) and PA on HRQOL (β=0.176, P<0.001). The effect of MetS on HRQOL (β= −0.048, P=0.001) through PA revealed that PA mediates the relationship. The multi-group analysis showed that the structural model was significantly different between males and females, with PA completely mediating the MetS and HRQOL relationship in males and partially mediating the relationship in females. Conclusions: Results from this study support the use of SEM for investigating moderating and mediating effects while simultaneously measuring a latent construct. Additionally, PA was a stronger mediator to the MetS and HRQOL relationship in older males than in older females.

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs : Current Staus and Rational Therapeutic Use (Part Ⅱ)

Hart, F. Dudley,Huskisson, E.C. Medical Publications Korea 1985 Medical Progress Vol.7 No.2

Meeting Recommended Levels of Physical Activity in Relation to Preventive Health Behavior and Health Status Among Adults

Hart, Peter D.,Benavidez, Gabriel,Erickson, James The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of meeting the recommended levels of physical activity (PA) with health status and preventive health behavior in adults. Methods: A total of 5630 adults 18 years of age or older were included in this study. PA was assessed using a series of questions that categorized activities based on their metabolic equivalent values and then categorized individuals based on the reported frequency and duration of such activities. Participants reporting 150 minutes or more of moderate-intensity PA per week were considered to have met the PA guidelines. Multiple logistic regression was used to model the relationships between meeting PA guidelines and health status and preventive health behavior, while controlling for confounding variables. Results: Overall, 53.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51.9 to 55.9%) of adults reported meeting the recommended levels of PA. Among adults with good general health, 56.9% (95% CI, 54.7 to 59.1%) reported meeting the recommended levels of PA versus 43.1% (95% CI, 40.9 to 45.3%) who did not. Adults who met the PA guidelines were significantly more likely not to report high cholesterol, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis, asthma, depression, or overweight. Furthermore, adults meeting the PA guidelines were significantly more likely to report having health insurance, consuming fruits daily, consuming vegetables daily, and not being a current cigarette smoker. Conclusions: In this study, we found meeting the current guidelines for PA to have a protective relationship with both health status and health behavior in adults. Health promotion programs should focus on strategies that help individuals meet the current guidelines of at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity PA.

Inhibitor of MYC identified in a Kröhnke pyridine library

Hart, Jonathan R.,Garner, Amanda L.,Yu, Jing,Ito, Yoshihiro,Sun, Minghao,Ueno, Lynn,Rhee, Jin-Kyu,Baksh, Michael M.,Stefan, Eduard,Hartl, Markus,Bister, Klaus,Vogt, Peter K.,Janda, Kim D. National Academy of Sciences 2014 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.111 No.34

<P>In a fluorescence polarization screen for the MYC–MAX interaction, we have identified a novel small-molecule inhibitor of MYC, KJ-Pyr-9, from a Kröhnke pyridine library. The <I>K</I><SUB>d</SUB> of KJ-Pyr-9 for MYC in vitro is 6.5 ± 1.0 nM, as determined by backscattering interferometry; KJ-Pyr-9 also interferes with MYC–MAX complex formation in the cell, as shown in a protein fragment complementation assay. KJ-Pyr-9 specifically inhibits MYC-induced oncogenic transformation in cell culture; it has no or only weak effects on the oncogenic activity of several unrelated oncoproteins. KJ-Pyr-9 preferentially interferes with the proliferation of MYC-overexpressing human and avian cells and specifically reduces the MYC-driven transcriptional signature. In vivo, KJ-Pyr-9 effectively blocks the growth of a xenotransplant of MYC-amplified human cancer cells.</P>

OK in Emergency Dispatch Encounters

Hart. William,Suh. Kyunghee,Oh. Yeonglim 한국사회언어학회 2017 사회언어학 Vol.25 No.2

Hart, William, Suh, Kyunghee, & Oh, Yeonglim. 2017. “ OK in Emergency Dispatch Encounters”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 25(2), 1~28. This paper investigates the discourse marker OK in 911 emergency calls, paying special attention to how its use is embedded in the context of the request-offer sequence through which the caller and the dispatcher display distinctive orientations in terms of goals, rights, and responsibilities. In line with previous research, it was found that the use of this marker displays multifunctionality, which for callers is manifested in the function OK not only as a response token but also as an affiliative signal of cooperation in the acknowledgment and acceptance of directives and updates on the status of the emergency response. For dispatchers, this multifunctionality is found in the activation of a bidirectional looking function of the marker which orients backward in acknowledgment of information elicited and provided in previous turns, while simultaneously orienting forward in anticipation of an impending directive, request for information, or status update in the turn that follows.

Experimental capture of miRNA targetomes: disease-specific 3′UTR library-based miRNA targetomics for Parkinson’s disease

Hart Martin,Kern Fabian,Fecher-Trost Claudia,Krammes Lena,Aparicio Ernesto,Engel Annika,Hirsch Pascal,Wagner Viktoria,Keller Verena,Schmartz Georges Pierre,Rheinheimer Stefanie,Diener Caroline,Fischer 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-

The identification of targetomes remains a challenge given the pleiotropic effect of miRNAs, the limited effects of miRNAs on individual targets, and the sheer number of estimated miRNA–target gene interactions (MTIs), which is around 44,571,700. Currently, targetome identification for single miRNAs relies on computational evidence and functional studies covering smaller numbers of targets. To ensure that the targetome analysis could be experimentally verified by functional assays, we employed a systematic approach and explored the targetomes of four miRNAs (miR-129-5p, miR-129-1-3p, miR-133b, and miR-873-5p) by analyzing 410 predicted target genes, both of which were previously associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). After performing 13,536 transfections, we validated 442 of the 705 putative MTIs (62,7%) through dual luciferase reporter assays. These analyses increased the number of validated MTIs by at least 2.1-fold for miR-133b and by a maximum of 24.3-fold for miR-873-5p. Our study contributes to the experimental capture of miRNA targetomes by addressing i) the ratio of experimentally verified MTIs to predicted MTIs, ii) the sizes of disease-related miRNA targetomes, and iii) the density of MTI networks. A web service to support the analyses on the MTI level is available online (https://ccb-web.cs.uni-saarland.de/utr-seremato), and all the data have been added to the miRATBase database (https://ccb-web.cs.uni-saarland.de/miratbase).

Nonparametric Goodness of Fit via Cross-Validation Bayes Factors

Hart, Jeffrey D.,Choi, Taeryon Institute of Mathematical Statistics 2017 Bayesian analysis Vol.12 No.3

TOUCHE ROUCHE

Harte, Robin,Keogh, Gary Korean Mathematical Society 2003 대한수학회보 Vol.40 No.2

There seems to be a love-hate relationship between Brouwer's fixed point theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra; in this note we offer one more tweak at it, and give a version of Rouches theorem.

Frequentist nonparametric goodness-of-fit tests via marginal likelihood ratios

Hart, J.D.,Choi, T.,Yi, S. North-Holland Pub. Co ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Computational statistics & data analysis Vol.96 No.-

<P>A nonparametric procedure for testing the goodness of fit of a parametric density is investigated. The test statistic is the ratio of two marginal likelihoods corresponding to a kernel estimate and the parametric model. The marginal likelihood for the kernel estimate is obtained by proposing a prior for the estimate's bandwidth, and then integrating the product of this prior and a leave-one-out kernel likelihood. Properties of the kernel-based marginal likelihood depend importantly on the kernel used. In particular, a specific, somewhat heavy-tailed, kernel K-0 yields better performing marginal likelihood ratios than does the popular Gaussian kernel. Monte Carlo is used to compare the power of the new test with that of the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and a recently proposed goodness-of-fit test based on empirical likelihood ratios. Properties of these tests are considered when testing the fit of normal and double exponential distributions. The new test is used to establish a claim made in the astronomy literature concerning the distribution of nebulae brightnesses in the Andromeda galaxy. Generalizations to the multivariate case are also described. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>