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Heterogeneity of Networks Promotes Cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Snowdrift Game
Ruyu Li,Zhaojin Xu,Lianzhong Zhang 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.74 No.9
Complex networks are ubiquitous in real-world systems. In the last decade, the investigation of complex networks has received much attention. Most of this research suggests that the topological properties of networks have an important influence on the evolution of cooperation. In this paper, we used the prisoner's dilemma game and snowdrift game as models to study the problem of cooperation evolution on heterogeneous random networks. We found that the heterogeneity of the networks plays a more important role in promoting cooperation than the average clustering coefficient and average path length of the networks do. The higher the heterogeneity of the networks is, the more conducive the emergence and spread of cooperation is. In addition, we found that increasing the average degree of networks would be detrimental for cooperation to thrive.
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Coal dust exposure induces proliferation and migration of human bronchial epithelial cells
Li Amin,Zhang Yinci,Wang Ruikai,Xu Ruyue,Ma Yongfang,Song Li,Cao Weiya,Xiaolong Tang 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2023 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.19 No.2
Background Coal dust exposure has caused a variety of lung diseases. In addition to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, other biological changes caused by coal dust (CD) exposure need further study. Objective To observe the cellular transformation eff ects of CD exposure and explore its underlying molecular mechanism, human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were cultured with continuous CD exposure. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, next-generation sequencing (NGS) and western blotting were performed to observe the cell proliferation, migration, genomic transcription and pathological signaling pathways. Results We demonstrated that BEAS-2B cells with long-term chronic CD exposure show accelerated proliferation rate and enhanced migration ability, and have altered gene expression profi les and aberrant activation of EGFR/Raf/ERK and PI3K/ AKT/mTOR pathways. Conclusions The results indicate that chronic CD exposure could induce abnormal proliferation and migration of BEAS-2B cells, lead to the transformation potential of human bronchial epithelial cells.
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'다유들깨'품종의 하배축에서 캘러스를 통한 고효율 식물재분화
서여월,손지희,강홍규,선현진,이효연,Ruyue Xu,Ji-Hi Son,Hong-Gyu Kang,Hyeon-Jin Sun,Hyo-Yeon Lee 한국식물생명공학회 2023 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.50 No.1
본 연구는 종유용 들깨 품종인 다유들깨'의 유식물체에서 캘러스 유도를 통한 고효율의 재분화 체계를 구축하기 위해 수행되었고 이미 보고된 바 있는'남천들깨'와 함께 연구를 진행하였다. 캘러스는 잎, 자엽, 하배축 중 0.1 mg/L NAA와 0.5 mg/L BA가 첨가된 배지에서 배양된 다유들깨의 하배축에서 가장 건강한 캘러스가 형성되었다. 암상태와 장일조건에서 각각 캘러스를 유도한 후 신초 재분화를 유도했을 때 모든 조건에서 남천들깨보다 다유들깨가 재분화율이 월등하게 높았다. 또한 0.1 mg/L NAA와 0.5 mg/L BA 배지의 암상태와 장일조건에서 다유들깨 하배축의 신초 재분화율은 각각 86.7%와 84.4%로 두 조건 간 차이는 낮은 것으로 조사되었지만 전체적으로 암조건에 비해 장일조건에서 유도된 캘러스의 재분화 빈도가 높았다. 본 연구에서 다유들깨의 하배축으로부터 고효율의 재분화 조건을 확립하기 위해 다양한 식물생장호르몬 조합실험을 수행한 결과 NAA 없이 0.5 mg/L BA 만 첨가된 배지에서 가장 높은 90%의 재분화율을 보여 주었으며 이 중 정상적인 식물체가 70.5% 와 비정상적인 식물체가 19.3%로 조사되었고 NAA가 첨가되거나 농도가 높아질수록 비정상 식물체의 출현율이 높아졌다. 정상적으로 재분화된 신초는 1/2 MS 배지로 옮긴 후 10~15일 후에 뿌리가 관찰되었고 30일 후에는 완전한 식물체로 성장하였다. 본 연구에서 확립된 다유들깨 하배축을 이용한 재분화체계는 지금까지 보고된 다른 들깨 품종들의 재분화 체계에 비해 재분화 효율이 높았으며 향후 들깨에서 조직배양과 형질전환에 의존하는 유전자편집 등의 분자육종 분야에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to establish an efficient plant regeneration system in 'Dayu', a Korean variety of Perilla frutescens developed for seed oil production, in conjunction with the previously studied variety 'Namcheon'. The healthiest callus was formed on the hypocotyl explants cultured on a medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BA, outperforming the leaf and cotyledon samples. In both dark and long-day conditions, Dayu consistently exhibited significantly higher shoot regeneration rates compared with Namcheon. The highest shoot regeneration rates in Dayu were observed from the hypocotyl explants cultured on 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BA media, with shoot regeneration rates of 84.4% and 86.7% under dark and long-day conditions, respectively. Various combinations of plant growth regulators were tested to establish the optimal shoot regeneration conditions for Dayu hypocotyl explants. The results demonstrated that the highest shoot regeneration rate (90%) was achieved when 0.5 mg/L of BA was added to the medium without NAA. Among the regenerated shoots, 70.5% were normal plants, while 19.3% were abnormal. The addition of NAA or an increase in its concentration led to a higher occurrence of abnormal plants. After the regenerated shoots were transferred to 1/2 MS medium, roots were observed within 10-15 days. By day 30, they had developed into complete plants. The results obtained from the regeneration experiments with the perilla variety Dayu can valuably inform molecular breeding reliant on transformation techniques such as genome-editing and genetic modification technology.
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Establishment of the Corner Correlation Method and Its Application in Rock Dynamic Test
Xingui Zhou,Wei Li,Yang Liu,Hong Miao,Ruyue Zhang,Jingchao Xu,Shu Wang,Xinshuai Peng 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.9
After combining the corner extraction method with the digital image correlation method, a new algorithm called the corner correlation method (CCM) was proposed, realizing a high-precision measurement for the displacement field and strain field on the surface of the specimen. It is applicable to the model with complex damage on the calculated surface. The errors of cross-crack speckle pattern and corner pattern are compared, and it was concluded that the errors of corner pattern of transverse and longitudinal cracks are less than that of the speckle pattern. The calculation accuracy of the corner correlation method is evaluated and verified by numerical simulation, static tensile test and dynamic uniaxial compression test respectively. It was found that the calculation accuracy was the highest with the Newton iteration method. The displacement calculation accuracy is about 0.01 pixels and the resolution of the measurement system for the strain test was on the order of 10-4under dynamic load.
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