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Kyojik “Roy” Song 한국재무학회 2020 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11
Using the sample of US industrial firms over the period of 2000-2017, we find that firms tend to issue more debt after the global financial crisis to take advantage of lower borrowing rates and specifically, BBB-rated firms increase debt issuance more than other firms. We also document that the BBB-rated firms build up cash and increase payout ratios using the proceeds from the issuance in the post-crisis period. However, they tend not to increase R&D expenses or capital expenditures following the debt issuance. We further find that the market value of cash for BBB-rated firms is decreasing in the post-crisis period as they increase cash holdings, while that for other investmentgrade firms does not change. These results are consistent with the view of agency costs.
Roy, Abhishikta Ghosh,Sarkar, B.N.,Roy, Rakesh,Rao, V.R.,Bandyopadhyay, A.R. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9
Background: The high incidence and relatively good prognosis of breast cancer has made it the most prevalent cancer in the world today. A large number of distinct mutations and polymorphisms in the p53 gene have been reported worldwide, but there is no report regarding the role of this inherited susceptibility gene in breast cancer risk among the Bengalee Hindu Caste females of West Bengal, India. Aim of the Study: We investigated the distribution and the nature of p53 gene mutations and polymorphisms in exons 5-7 in a cohort of 110 Bengalee Hindu breast cancer patients and 127 age, sex and caste matched controls by direct sequencing. Results: We did not observe any mutations and polymorphisms in our studied individuals. Conclusion: We therefore conclude that mutations in exons 5-7 of p53 gene are rare causes of breast cancer among Bengalee Hindu caste females, and therefore of little help for genetic counseling and diagnostic purposes.
Cloud-Enabled Data Center Organization using K-D Tree
Sandip Roy,Rajesh Bose,Tanaya Roy,Debabrata Sarddar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.3
An efficient load balancing algorithm in the field of cloud computing is absolutely essential in order to have a cloud network with graceful performance satisfying user expectation. Inspite of the existence of handful lightly loaded data centers, numerous heavily overloaded data centers may lead to a performance degradation of overall cloud network. Proper workload distribution may improve the overall performance of the cloud system. Now a day’s eminent cloud division rules are highly demanding algorithm for distributing workloads among various cloud server nodes deployed in cloud-enabled data centers scattered over the geographical regions. For the researcher, cloud division rule and optimal cloud server node searching are the most demanding jobs in load balancing leading towards more efficient cloud network and improve users’ satisfaction. This paper presents an expeditious cloud division rule based on geographical location of the cloud-enabled data centers distributed over earth surface and builds a two-dimensional space partition k-d tree to partition them in order to search intended cloud server node efficiently. Our proposed organization scheme can be utilized for active monitoring load balancing algorithm to improve the resource utilization for high performance in present cloud computing environment.
( Siddhartha Roy ),( Saptarshi Roy ),( Arpita Biswas ),( Krishna Lal Baishnab ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.11
In this fast-paced technological world, the Internet of Things is a ground breaking technology which finds an immense role in the present electronic world which includes different embedded sensors, devices and most other things which are connected to the Internet. The IoT devices are designed in a way that it helps to collect various forms of data from varied sources and transmit them in digitalized form. In modern era of IoT technology data security is a trending issue which greatly affects the confidentiality of important information. Keeping the issue in mind a novel light encryption strategy known as LCB is designed for IoT devices for optimal security. LCB exploits the benefits of Feistel structure and the architectural benefits of substitution permutation network both to give more security. Moreover, this newly designed technique is tested on (Virtex-7) XC7VX330T FPGA board and it takes much little area of 224 GE (Gate Equivalent) and is extremely fast with very less combinational path delay of 0.877 ns. An in-depth screening confirms the proposed work to promise more security to counter cryptographic attacks. Lastly the Avalanche Effect (AE) of LCB showed as 63.125% and 63.875% when key and plaintext (PT) are taken into consideration respectively.
Firm Size, Synergy and Joint Ventures
Indrani Roy Chowdhury,Prabal Roy Chowdhury 서울대학교 경제연구소 1999 Seoul journal of economics Vol.12 No.3
We develop a synergy based theory of joint venture formation. We find that an increase in firm size affects the incentive for joint venture formation. Furthermore, firm size also crucially affects the impact of market size on the incentive for joint venture formation. We also perform some interesting welfare analysis.
Fazlul K Rabbanee,Rajat Roy,Piyush Sharma 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7
Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) is an innovative participative pricing strategy in which consumers determine the price they want to pay for a product or service. Past research mainly focuses on individual variables as antecedents of consumers’ willingness to pay under PWYW pricing and ignores the role of situational factors. We address this gap by investigating the effects of three situational factors, perceived crowding, involvement level and time pressure, on consumers’ PWYW pricing decisions. Pay-what-you-want (PWYW) is an innovative pricing mechanism that gives consumers maximum control over the price setting process, and thus allows buyers to entirely determine the price for their desired product or service (Schmidt, Spann & Zeithammer, 2014). The buyer has the authority to choose any price to pay for the offered product or service and there is no minimum price to protect the seller (Kahsay & Samahita, 2015). Such increased perceived control on the final price induces consumers to greater purchase intentions (Chandran & Morwitz, 2005). Hence, a growing number of firms in different industries such as music, museums, software, and charity sales are using PWYW pricing (Schmidt, Spann & Zeithammer, 2014). Internal reference price (IRP) is defined as a price in the buyers' memories that serves as a basis for judging or comparing actual prices (Monroe, 1973; Monroe, Grewal, & Compeau, 1991). In the context of PWYW involvement has a negative effect on prices paid. Involvement is the level of personal relevance consumers possess regarding a product or a purchase decision (Zaichkowsky, 1985). Involvement is conceptualized as both, an individual difference variable representing an “enduring interest” in a given product (Roy, 2015; Bloch & Richins, 1983). It is also posited that the negative effect of involvement on IRP will be further moderated by perceived crowding. Perceived crowding is often described in negative terms as a confined, constrained, and restricted physical setting; and it has two distinct dimensions, spatial crowding and human crowding (Machleit et al., 2000; Byunn & Mann, 2011). A crowded shopping environment is also incompatible with the consumers’ shopping desires and goals; hence consumers exhibit unfavorable shopping behavior such as spend less time in the store (Machleit et al., 2000; Li, Kim & Lee, 2009). Perceived crowding should therefore negatively influence consumers’ involvement and IRP, thereby affecting the money they are willing to pay in PWYW situation.