<i>CYP2C19</i> haplotypes in Koreans as a marker of enzyme activity evaluated with omeprazole

Jin, S. K.,Kang, T. S.,Eom, S. O.,Kim, J.-I.,Lee, H. J.,Roh, J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics Vol.34 No.4

<P>Summary</P><P>Background and objective: </P><P>CYP2C19 is clinically important in Korea because of the relatively high incidence of poor metabolizers in the population. To fully understand the genetic mechanism of the <I>CYP2C19</I> defect in poor metabolizers, all variants need to be studied simultaneously. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of <I>CYP2C19</I> haplotypes as a marker of CYP2C19 enzyme activity in Koreans.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>We analysed the single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of the <I>CYP2C19</I> gene in 150 healthy Koreans and found three major (frequency > 0·1) haplotypes (H1, H2 and H3). One oral dose of 40 mg omeprazole (Losec<SUP>®</SUP>) was administered to 30 subjects grouped as H1/H1, H2/H2, H1/H2, H1/H3 and H2/H3. The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites, 5-hydroxyomeprazole and omeprazole sulphone, in those groups was analysed.</P><P>Results and discussion: </P><P>The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>) and elimination half-life (<I>T</I><SUB>1/2</SUB>) of omeprazole were significantly greater in the H2/H2 and H2/H3 groups than in the H1/H1 group (<I>P </I><<I> </I>0·05), whereas the metabolic ratios of omeprazole to 5-hydroxyomeprazole were also markedly higher.</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>Although a specific SNP of <I>CYP2C19</I> may be predictive of enzyme activity, haplotyping is more reliable for identifying poor metabolizers in populations with variant alleles other than <I>CYP2C19*2</I> and <I>*3</I> alleles.</P>

A phase II study of S-1 monotherapy administered for 2 weeks of a 3-week cycle in advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance status

Jeung, H-C,Rha, S Y,Shin, S J,Ahn, J B,Noh, S H,Roh, J K,Chung, H C Nature Publishing Group 2007 The British journal of cancer Vol.97 No.4

<P>Systemic chemotherapy for gastric cancer is often associated with treatment-related toxicity, which is particularly severe in patients with a poor performance status. In this paper, we describe the first study to evaluate S-1 monotherapy as an option for advanced gastric cancer patients who are not candidates for combination chemotherapy due to poor clinical condition. Fifty-two patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scale 2–3, whose general condition had made use of combination chemotherapy impossible, were enrolled. S-1 was administered to 30 patients as second- or third-line therapy. The initial dose of S-1 was 35 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, administered b.i.d for 14 days every 3 weeks. With a median follow-up period of 33 weeks, the median progression-free survival, and overall survival were 11 weeks (95% CI, 8–14) and 33 weeks (95% CI, 19–47), respectively. The overall 1-year survival rate was 29% by intent-to-treat analysis. The overall response rate was 12% (95% CI, 3–21), and the percentage of stable disease was 35%, resulting in the disease control rate of 47% (95% CI, 32–60). Significant drug-related toxicity included grade 3 diarrhoea (14%), anorexia (14%), fatigue (10%), neutropenia (10%), and leucopenia (6%). In conclusion, this study indicated the modest activity of S-1 in gastric cancer patients with poor performance status.</P>

Expression of mosquitocidal crystal protein genes in non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis

Gill, S.S.,Oh, H.W.,Lee, D.W.,Roh, J.Y.,Park, H.W.,Jin, B.R.,Je, Y.H.,Kang, S.K. 東亞大學校附設遺傳工學硏究所 1998 遺傳工學硏究 Vol.- No.5

J.Y.ROH,H.W.PARK,Y.H.JE,D.W.LEE,B.R.JIN, H.W.OH,S.S.GILL AND S.K.KANG.1997. Bacillus thuringiensis NTB-1 isolated from soil samples in Korea produces ovoidal parasporal inclusions with proteins of approximately 24-40kDa in size. Although serological study indicated that the isolate has a flagella (H) antigen identical with subsp. israelensis, it seemed to be non-insecticidal against Lepidoptera and Coleoptera as well as Diptera. To investigate the activity of non-insecticidal B.thuringiensis transformed with insecticidal crystal protein genes, cryIVD and cytA genes of B. thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni PG-14, highly toxic to mosquito larvae, were introduced into the isolate NTB-1. The expression of mosquitocidal crystal protein genes in NTB-1 was characterized by SDS-PAGE analysis and electron microscopy. The results showed that crystalline inclusions of host, CryIVD and CytA were stably expressed in the transformant. However, the mosquitocidal activity of transformant was similar to that of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Cry-B harbouring cryIVD and cytA genes, demonstrating that a synergistic effect by an interaction of both introduced insecticidal and resident non-insecticidal crystal proteins was not observed.

Dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric cold plasma inhibits Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, and Tulane virus in Romaine lettuce

Min, S.C.,Roh, S.H.,Niemira, B.A.,Sites, J.E.,Boyd, G.,Lacombe, A. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 International journal of food microbiology Vol.237 No.-

<P>The present study investigated the effects of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric cold plasma (DACP) treatment on the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, and Tulane virus (TV) on Romaine lettuce, assessing the influences of moisture vaporization, modified atmospheric packaging (MAP), and post-treatment storage on the inactivation of these pathogens. Romaine lettuce was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes (similar to 6 log CFU/g lettuce), or TV (similar to 2 log PFU/g lettuce) and packaged in either a Petri dish (diameter: 150 mm, height: 15 mm) or a Nylon/polyethylene pouch (152 x 254 mm) with and without moisture vaporization. Additionally, a subset of pouch-packaged leaves was flushed with O-2 at 5% or 10% (balance N-2). All of the packaged lettuce samples were treated with DACP at 34.8 kV for 5 min and then analyzed either immediately or following post-treatment storage for 24 h at 4 degrees C to assess the inhibition of microorganisms. DACP treatment inhibited E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and TV by 1.1 +/- 0.4, 0.4 +/- 03, 1.0 +/- 0.5 log CFU/g, and 13 +/- 0.1 log PFU/g, respectively, without environmental modifications of moisture or gas in the packages. The inhibition of the bacteria was not significantly affected by packaging type or moisture vaporization (p > 0.05) but a reduced-oxygen MAP gas composition attenuated the inhibition rates of E. coli O157:H7 and TV. L. monocytogenes continued to decline by an additional 0.6 log CFU/g in post-treatment cold storage for 24 h. Additionally, both rigid and flexible conventional plastic packages appear to be suitable for the in-package decontamination of lettuce with DACP. Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>

An outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Korea, 2008

Kim, H.R.,Park, C.K.,Lee, Y.J.,Woo, G.H.,Lee, K.K.,Oem, J.K.,Kim, S.H.,Jean, Y.H.,Bae, Y.C.,Yoon, S.S.,Roh, I.S.,Jeong, O.M.,Kim, H.Y.,Choi, J.S.,Byun, J.W.,Song, Y.K.,Kwon, J.H.,Joo, Y.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2010 Veterinary microbiology Vol.141 No.3

In spite of intensive surveillance programs for the control of HPAI, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in Korea in April 2008 caused serious damage to poultry farms, as did previous outbreaks in 2003/2004 and 2006/2007. Six viruses were selected from the Korean 2008 isolates for genetic analysis, and all eight gene segments from each of the influenza viruses were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the viruses were of the same virus type and that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was clustered with that of clade 2.3.2 viruses. However, the internal and neuraminidase (NA) genes were closely related to those of the clade 2.3.4 viruses (recent human and bird isolates from Southeast Asia).

Phase II study of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with irinotecan plus S-1 in locally advanced rectal cancer

Shin, S.J.,Kim, N.K.,Keum, K.C.,Kim, H.G.,Im, J.S.,Choi, H.J.,Baik, S.H.,Choen, J.H.,Jeung, H.C.,Rha, S.Y.,Roh, J.K.,Chung, H.C.,Ahn, J.B. Elsevier Science Publishers 2010 Radiotherapy and oncology Vol.95 No.3

Background and purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative radiation therapy combined with S-1 and irinotecan (SI) in LARC. Materials and methods: Patients were considered LARC if they had a T3/T4 lesion or node positive. Weekly doses of 40mg/m<SUP>2</SUP> irinotecan were intravenously administered once per week during weeks 1-5 of radiotherapy. S-1 (70mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>) was given from Monday to Friday in all weeks of radiotherapy. 3-D conformal radiotherapy was given at daily fractions of 1.8Gy for 5days for a total dose of 50.4 (45+5.4)Gy. Surgery was performed 4-6weeks following the completion of chemoradiation. Results: Between June 2006 and November 2007, 43 pts were enrolled. The stage was: cT3 24 patients, cT4 6 patients; 28 patients were cN+. Forty-one patients completed the chemoradiation and 42 patients underwent operation: a low anterior resection was performed in 36 patients, a total colectomy in 1 patient, and an abdominal perineal resection in 5 patients. T downstaging was observed in 50%; 23 N+ patients became N- (55%). The complete pathological response was observed in 9 patients (21%). The 3-year locoregional failure rate, distant failure rate, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 9.5%, 18.6%, 72.1%, and 94.3%, respectively. Only three patients experienced G3 diarrhea; one had G3 sepsis and two had septic shock. Hematological toxicity (G3-G4) was observed in five patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the efficacy of preoperative CRT with S-1 and irinotecan with 21% of complete response. However, prompt recognition and management of infection is needed to use it in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Influence of <i>CYP2D6*10</i> on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in healthy Korean volunteers

Jin, S. K.,Chung, H. J.,Chung, M. W.,Kim, J.-I.,Kang, J.-H.,Woo, S. W.,Bang, S.,Lee, S. H.,Lee, H. J.,Roh, J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics Vol.33 No.5

<P>Summary</P><P>Background and objective: </P><P>Genetic polymorphism of <I>CYP2D6</I> leads to differences in pharmacokinetics of CYP2D6 substrates. The <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele is clinically important in Koreans because of its high frequency in Asians. We investigated whether the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol was altered by the presence of the <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele in Korean subjects.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>One hundred and seven volunteers were recruited and grouped as <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I>, <I>CYP2D6*1/*10</I> and <I>CYP2D6*10/*10</I> according to their genotypes. Metoprolol tartrate 100 mg (Betaloc<SUP>®</SUP>) was administered orally once to each subject in these three groups (<I>n</I> = 6, 7 and 5, respectively). The pharmacokinetic parameters of metoprolol and its metabolite, &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol, and the metabolic ratio for the three groups were estimated and compared.</P><P>Results and discussion: </P><P>The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>), the maximum plasma concentration (<I>C</I><SUB>max</SUB>) and the elimination half-life (<I>T</I><SUB>1/2</SUB>) of metoprolol and &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol for the <I>CYP2D6*10/*10</I> group were all significantly different from those of the <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I> group (<I>P</I> < 0·05). The AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>s of metoprolol were 443·7 ± 168·1, 995·6 ± 321·4 and 2545·3 ± 632·0 ng·h/mL, and the AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>s of &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol were 1232·0 ± 311·2, 1344·0 ± 288·1 and 877·4 ± 103·4 ng·h/mL for groups <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I>, <I>*1/*10</I> and <I>*10/*10</I>, respectively. The corresponding <I>T</I><SUB>1/2</SUB> values of metoprolol were 2·7 ± 0·5, 3·2 ± 1·3 and 5·0 ± 1·1 h, while those of &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol were 5·4±1·5, 6·0 ± 1·4 and 10·5 ± 4·2 h, respectively. The metabolic ratios of the three groups were significantly different (<I>P</I> < 0·05).</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>The <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele altered the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in Korean subjects and is likely to affect other drugs metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme, similarly.</P>

여대생의 월경시 불편감과 삶의 질에 대한 연구

김지선,노자민,류진영,오정연,이서주,정미영,조재실,주한별 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2011 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.45

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aspect and degree of female university students' menstruation discomfort and to study how the menstruation discomfort affects their quality of life The subjects consisted of 315 female university students in Seoul City by convenience sampling from July 22 to August 3, 2010. The data was collected by structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, Menstrual Distress Questionnaire and Smith Kline Beecham 'Quality of Life' Scale. To analyze the data, used the following methods: frequency, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS program 15.0. The Results as follows: The participants indicated water accumulation, the ache, negative emotion, conduct change and attention intensive obstacle order to show the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life was high competent feeling, body and mental stability, vitality and stability order. The correlation of the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life was r=-.605 and p=.000, the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life show considerably negative correlation. In the event that the women's menstrual discomforts was high comes to be low appeared the quality of life. As a result, this study showed that the women's menstrual discomforts and the quality of life have negative correlation, and discovered various factors which effect to the menstrual discomforts and the quality of life for the women's college students. Thus in the future, do a research for the middle school girls, the maiden and married women, and the repetition research of the women's college student is necessary. The nursing arbitration program development for relaxation of the women's menstrual discomforts is necessary as well.

Proteomic Analysis Reveals PGAM1 Altering cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Gland.

Wang, T,Lee, S B,Hwang, J H,Lim, J N,Jung, U S,Kim, M J,Kang, H S,Choi, S H,Lee, J S,Roh, S G,Lee, H G American Oil Chemists' Society 2015 Lipids Vol.50 No.5

<P>cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is one of the most extensively studied CLA isomers due to its multiple isomer-specific effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of cis-9,trans-11 CLA synthesis in ruminant mammary gland are still not clearly understood. This process may be mediated, to a certain extent, by trans-11 C18:1 regulated by stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) and/or its syntrophic proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TVA on SCD1-mediated cis-9,trans-11 CLA synthesis in MAC-T cells and its potential molecular mechanism. Results showed that trans-11 C18:1 was continually taken up and converted into cis-9,trans-11 CLA in MAC-T cells during the 4-h incubation of 50?μM trans-11 C18:1. SCD1 protein expression increased more than twofold at 2?h (P?<?0.01) and 2.5?h (P?<?0.05) before decreasing to less than half of the normal level at 4?h (P?<?0.05). One up-regulated (RAS guanyl releasing protein 4 isoform 1 [RASGRP4]) and six down-regulated proteins (glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1 [GNPDA1], triosephosphate isomerase [TPI1], phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [PGAM1], heat shock protein beta-1 [HSPB1], annexin A3 [ANXA3], thiopurine S-methyltransferase [TPMT]) were found in MAC-T cells treated with trans-11 C18:1. Of these seven identified proteins, the presence of GNPDA1 and PGAM1 was verified in several models. More trans-11 C18:1 was taken up after PGAM1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA). In conclusion, our data suggested that PGAM1 may have a negative relationship with SCD1 and seemed to be involved in cis-9, trans-11 CLA synthesis by facilitating the absorption of trans-11 C18:1 in the bovine mammary gland.</P>

Single-step synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas on Al₂O₃-modified CuO-ZnO-Al₂O₃/ferrierite catalysts: Effects of Al₂O₃ content

Lee, Y.J.,Jung, M.H.,Lee, J.B.,Jeong, K.E.,Roh, H.S.,Suh, Y.W.,Bae, J.W. Elsevier Science Publishers 2014 CATALYSIS TODAY - Vol.228 No.-

Single step synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas on the bifunctional catalysts of CuO-ZnO-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> deposited on Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-modified H-ferrierite was investigated to elucidate effects of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> modification of H-ferrierite in terms of CO conversion and DME yield. The enhanced catalytic activity was observed on the bifunctional catalysts at an optimum content of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> on H-ferrierite around 2.5-5wt%. It is attributed to a higher dispersion of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> on H-ferrierite with an enhanced interaction of copper particles with Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> modified H-ferrierite with a lower aggregation property by adjusting acidic sites and by increasing the dispersion of copper particles. The main role of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> on H-ferrierite is found to reduce strong acidic sites by depositing on the sites selectively, which resulted in showing a lower formation of byproducts. Both of copper surface area and amount of acidic sites are well correlated with an intrinsic activity (turn-over frequency; TOF), which revealed a structure-insensitive reaction character of a single-step synthesis of DME. The measurements of the dispersion of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and copper particles with the number of acidic sites concomitantly were employed to verify the effects of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> modification of H-ferrierite though X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed methods and surface morphology characterizations.