Genetic signature of strong recent positive selection at interleukin-32 gene in goat

Akhtar Rasool Asif,Sumayyah Qadri,Nabeel Ijaz,Ruheena Javed,Abdur Rahman Ansari,Muhammd Awais,Muhammad Younus,Hasan Riaz,Xiaoyong Du 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.7

Objective: Identification of the candidate genes that play key roles in phenotypic variations can provide new information about evolution and positive selection. Interleukin (IL)-32 is involved in many biological processes, however, its role for the immune response against various diseases in mammals is poorly understood. Therefore, the current investigation was performed for the better understanding of the molecular evolution and the positive selection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-32 gene. Methods: By using fixation index (FST) based method, IL-32 (9375) gene was found to be outlier and under significant positive selection with the provisional combined allocation of mean heterozygosity and FST. Using nucleotide sequences of 11 mammalian species from National Center for Biotechnology Information database, the evolutionary selection of IL-32 gene was determined using Maximum likelihood model method, through four models (M1a, M2a, M7, and M8) in Codeml program of phylogenetic analysis by maximum liklihood. Results: IL-32 is detected under positive selection using the FST simulations method. The phylogenetic tree revealed that goat IL-32 was in close resemblance with sheep IL-32. The coding nucleotide sequences were compared among 11 species and it was found that the goat IL-32 gene shared identity with sheep (96.54%), bison (91.97%), camel (58.39%), cat (56.59%), buffalo (56.50%), human (56.13%), dog (50.97%), horse (54.04%), and rabbit (53.41%) respectively. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for IL-32 gene as under significant positive selection in goat.

Heterostructural TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x (MXene) for photocatalytic degradation of antiepileptic drug carbamazepine

Shahzad, Asif,Rasool, Kashif,Nawaz, Mohsin,Miran, Waheed,Jang, Jiseon,Moztahida, Mokrema,Mahmoud, Khaled A.,Lee, Dae Sung Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.349 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A simple hydrothermal treatment process was used for the fabrication of a Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB> (MXene) nanosheet-based hybrid photocatalyst. The chemical composition of the MXene and its derivatives (nanosize {0 0 1} facets of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> in Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB> (001-T/MX)), as well as the structural properties and morphology of the as-prepared photocatalyst, were well characterised. The heterostructure of the as-prepared photocatalyst was obtained by controlled oxidation action via the Schottky junction formed between TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-MXene interfaces. The adsorption/photocatalytic degradation abilities of the pristine MXene and the as-synthesised 001-T/MX nanocomposite for carbamazepine (CBZ) were investigated. The determined <I>K<SUB>app</SUB> </I> value of CBZ under ultraviolet light was 0.0304 min<SUP>−1</SUP>, higher than that under natural solar light, and the degradation capacity was strongly controlled under acidic conditions (pH 3.0–5.0). During the photocatalytic degradation, <SUP> </SUP>OH and <SUP> </SUP>O<SUB>2</SUB> attacked the CBZ molecule; detailed degradation pathways were proposed accordingly. The novel heterojunction 001-T/MX exhibited excellent applicability for CBZ decomposition.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A simple hydrothermal process is used for the fabrication of Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB> (MXene) nanosheets. </LI> <LI> Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB> MXene-based heterojunction (001-T/MX) can be used as a photocatalyst. </LI> <LI> Carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation under direct sunlight and ultraviolet light is studied. </LI> <LI> T/MX photocatalyst degrades 98.67% CBZ under UV light irradiation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Parametric Investigation of Metals (Au, Ag, Pt and Cu) Using Analytical Hierarchy Process

Muhammad Asif,Faiz Rasool,Zubair Butt,Muhammad Shahzad,Nouman Ahmad,Abdul Rehman Chishti 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.2

Metals especially gold, silver, platinum and copper are getting more attention for application in electronics fi eld due to their versatile properties. In this paper, we selected the materials after comparison on the basis of their signifi cant properties. Those properties are conductivity, physical properties, reactivity, cost and demand and supply. We investigate the conductivity of metals at various temperature values, their historically monthly prices along with their worldwide demand and supply. First, we compare their conductivity and resistivity for various values of temperature as well as by adding impurity into them. Secondly, we examined their responses when they are in contact with the atmosphere, their historically monthly prices, availability in the earth crust, and a brief discussion on the structure of these metals. These metals are widely used in electronics and jewelry because of their good conductivity, chemical stability and long lasting. We implemented the analytical hierarchy process for the parametric investigation of these metals which is a general theory of measurement. It has been used to derive ratio scales from both continuous and discrete paired comparison. This comparison is taken from actual measurement which refl ects the relative strength of preferences. The metals are also useful to design electrical stimulator with low-frequency current to regulate the blood of the human body. By using the stimulator at acupuncture points to pass through small electrical signal is useful to control blood fl ow in the human body as well as provides relief in pain.

Mercuric ion capturing by recoverable titanium carbide magnetic nanocomposite

Shahzad, Asif,Rasool, Kashif,Miran, Waheed,Nawaz, Mohsin,Jang, Jiseon,Mahmoud, Khaled A.,Lee, Dae Sung Elsevier 2018 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.344 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) have attracted increasing attention for application in water/wastewater treatment. The functionalization of MXenes to increase their stability while demonstrating high pollutant removal can facilitate sustainable water/wastewater treatment processes. In this study, the highly stable magnetic titanium carbide (<I>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB>)</I> MXene nanocomposite (<I>MGMX</I> nanocomposite) was successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal approach and was tested for aqueous-phase adsorptive removal of mercuric ions. The synthesized <I>MGMX</I> nanocomposite was studied using characteristic analyses, showing high stability as revealed by zeta-potential analysis and dynamic light-scattering technique. The <I>MGMX</I> nanocomposite presented excellent Hg(II) removal in a wide range of pH conditions, and an exceptional maximum experimental Hg(II) uptake capacity of 1128.41mgg<SUP>−1</SUP> was observed. The adsorption behavior was investigated using the Redlich-Peterson adsorption isotherm, pseudo second-order kinetics, and thermodynamics models. In the adsorption/desorption investigation, the <I>MGMX</I> nanocomposite was reusable for up to five cycles of adsorption/desorption. The stability, hydrophilic nature, available adsorptive surfaces, and easy separation after reaction make the <I>MGMX</I> nanocomposite an efficient sorbent for the removal of toxic Hg(II) for water purification.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hybrid nanocomposites were synthesized using <I>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>x</SUB> </I> MXene and Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> <I>MGMX</I> presented the highest removal capacity for Hg(II) among other 2D materials. </LI> <LI> <I>MGMX</I> adsorbed ∼99.9% Hg(II) in the existence of background metal ions. </LI> <LI> Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles in <I>MGMX</I> played a significant role in Hg(II) adsorption. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Detection of BCR/ABL Fusion Gene by Hematological and Cytogenetical Analysis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Quetta, Pakistan

Tahira, Bibi,Asif, Muhammad,Khan, Samiullah,Hussain, Abrar,Shahwani, Muhammad Naeem,Malik, Arif,Inayatullah, Syed,Iqbal, Zafar,Rasool, Mahmood Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder of pluripotent stem cells, caused by reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22, t(9;22)(q34;q11), known as the Philadelphia chromosome. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 CML patients were recruited in this study. Complete blood counts of all CML patients were performed to find out their total leukocytes, hemoglobin and platelets. FISH was performed for the detection of BCR-ABL fusion and cryptogenic tests using bone marrow samples were performed for the conformation of Ph (9;22)(q34;q11) and variant translocation mechanisms. Results: In cytogenetic analysis we observed that out of 51 CML patients 40 (88.9%) were Ph positive and 4 (8.88%) had Ph negative chromosomes. Mean values of WBC 134.5 $10^3/{\mu}l$, hemoglobin 10.44 mg/dl, and platelets 288.6 $10^3/{\mu}l$ were observed in this study. Conclusions: In this study, Ph positive translocation between chromosome (9:22)(q34;q11) were observed in 40 (88.9%) CML patients.

Partial fetotomy: technique to resolve wry neck dystocia in mare

Hassan, Mubbashar,Shahid, Sana,Asif, Akhtar Rasool,Naveed, Muhammad Ilyas,Shahzad, Abid Hussain,Khan, Mumtaz Ali The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biot 2020 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Foaling is a process of giving birth to foal which is prompt and forceful event in equine breeding. Dystocia is declared when 2nd stage of parturition exceeds from 20 min without fetal movements in mare. Dystocia is very challenging situation for both mare and veterinarian. Survivability of mare and foal, and subsequent fertility of mare depends on efficient management. Therefore, the current report described a rare case of wry neck (torticollis or unilateral bent neck) resulted in dystocia, that was efficiently resolved by partial fetotomy and repulsion technique in mare under field conditions. Intensive post operative care was performed to avoid infection and to achieve fertility subsequently.

Study on ferroelectric polarization induced resistive switching characteristics of neodymium-doped bismuth ferrite thin films for random access memory applications

Kossar Shahnaz,Amiruddin R.,Rasool Asif,Kumar M.C. Santhosh,Katragadda Nagamalleswari,Mandal Pranab,Ahmed Nafis 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.39 No.-

The present work reports on resistive switching (RS) characteristics of Neodymium (Nd)-doped bismuth ferrite (BFO) layers. The Nd (2–10 at%) doped BFO thin film layers were deposited using a spray pyrolysis method. The structural analysis reveals that a higher Nd doping concentration in BFO leads to significant distortion of the prepared Nd:BFO thin films from rhombohedral to tetragonal characteristics. The morphological analysis shows that all the deposited Nd:BFO thin films have regularly arranged grains. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveals that the prepared Nd:BFO thin films have a higher Fe 3+/Fe 2+ratio and less oxygen vacancy (VO) defects which enriches the ferroelectric characteristics in Nd:BFO layers. The polarization-electric field (P-E) and RS characteristics of the fabricated Nd:BFO-based RS device were examined. It was observed that the Nd (7 at%) doped BFO RS device shows large remnant polarization (P r) of 0.21 μC/cm2 and stable RS characteristics.

Partial fetotomy : technique to resolve wry neck dystocia in mare

Mubbashar Hassan,Sana Shahid,Akhtar Rasool Asif,Muhammad Ilyas Naveed,Abid Hussain Shahzad,Mumtaz Ali Khan 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2020 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.35 No.4

Foaling is a process of giving birth to foal which is prompt and forceful event in equine breeding. Dystocia is declared when 2nd stage of parturition exceeds from 20 min without fetal movements in mare. Dystocia is very challenging situation for both mare and veterinarian. Survivability of mare and foal, and subsequent fertility of mare depends on efficient management. Therefore, the current report described a rare case of wry neck (torticollis or unilateral bent neck) resulted in dystocia, that was efficiently resolved by partial fetotomy and repulsion technique in mare under field conditions. Intensive post operative care was performed to avoid infection and to achieve fertility subsequently.

CA 15-3 (Mucin-1) and Physiological Characteristics of Breast Cancer from Lahore, Pakistan

Begum, Mumtaz,Karim, Sajjad,Malik, Arif,Khurshid, Rukhshan,Asif, Muhammad,Salim, Asmat,Nagra, Saeed Ahmed,Zaheer, Ahmad,Iqbal, Zafar,Abuzenadah, Adel Mohammed,Alqahtani, Mohammed Hussain,Rasool, Mahmo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Background: High incidence of breast cancer and its fatal effect has reached an alarming stage across the globe, including the third world countries. Many factors have been reported to be associated with the development of breast cancer but detailed structural and functional information is missing. CA 15-3 is one of the known potential tumor marker of breast cancer; however little is known about structure and functional site of this protein. Present study aims to investigate the functional role of CA 15-3 in breast cancer, especially in development and metastasis. Material and Methods: Hundred female breast cancer patients confirmed by histopathological reports were included in the study. Their physiological characters were recorded in a performa. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to estimate serum CA 15-3 level. Immunohistochemistry was done for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and Her2/neu receptors expression. Results: The study revealed the details of physiological characteristics of female breast cancer. Mean age was $37.72{\pm}5.99$ and $55.05{\pm}7.28$ years and serum CA 15-3 (MUC1) level was $60.47{\pm}8.59$ and $63.17{\pm}4.58$ U/ml in pre and post-menopause respectively, and both groups of women had sedentary life style. Their receptor status especially of progesterone, estrogen and HER-2/neu were positive in 50% of premenopausal women and 65% of postmenopausal women. Conclusion: There are multiple physiological factors promoting breast cancer. High serum CA 15-3 level and hormonal imbalance of ER, PR and Her2/neu appears to be the main cause of breast cancer. It may be possible that the functional sites of these proteins may be altered which may increase the chances of metastasis in breast cancer.

A novel mutation in RDH5 gene causes retinitis pigmentosa in consanguineous Pakistani family

Neelam Sultan,Irfan Ali,Shazia Anwer Bukhari,Shahid Mahmood Baig,Muhammad Asif,Muhammad Qasim,Muhammad Imran Naseer,Mahmood Rasool 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.5

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most frequent genetically and clinically heterogeneous inherited retinal degeneration. To date, more than 80 genes have been identified that cause autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X linked RP. However, locus and allelic heterogeneity of RP has not been fully captured yet. This heterogeneity and lack of an accurate genotype phenotype correlation makes molecular dissection of the disease more difficult. The present study was designed to characterize the underlying pathogenic variants of RP in Pakistan. For this purpose, a large consanguineous family with RP phenotype showing autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was selected after a complete ophthalmological examination. Next generation sequencing was used for the identification of molecular determinant followed by Sanger-sequencing for confirmation. After sequence analysis a novel homozygous missense mutation, (c.602 C > T) in exon 4 of the RDH5 gene (MIM: 601617) was identified. This mutation resulted in substitution of phenyl alanine for serine at amino acid 201 (p.Ser201Phe) of the RDH5 gene. The same mutation was not detected in the 200 ethnically-matched control samples by Sanger sequencing. The identified mutant allele segregated in homozygous fashion in all the affected individuals of pedigree. Identification of this mutation reveals the allelic heterogeneity of RDH5 in patients with RP phenotype. The findings of this study demonstrate the clinical significance of next generation sequencing to understand the molecular basis of diseases and would help to reveal new proteins and their function in visual cycle will pave the way for early diagnosis, genetic counseling and better therapeutic inventions.