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Characterizing Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Material Using the Finite Element Method
Butt, Zubair,Rahman, Shafiq Ur,Pasha, Riffat Asim,Mehmood, Shahid,Abbas, Saqlain,Elahi, Hassan The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.3
The aim of the current research was to develop and present an effective methodology for simulating and analyzing the electrical and structural properties of piezoelectric material. The finite element method has been used to make precise numerical models when dielectric, piezoelectric and mechanical properties are known. The static and dynamic responses of circular ring-shaped barium titanate piezoelectric material have been investigated using the commercially available finite element software ABAQUS/CAE. To gain insight into the crystal morphology and to evaluate the purity of the material, a microscopic study was conducted using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. It is found that the maximum electrical potential of 6.43 V is obtained at a resonance frequency of 35 Hz by increasing the vibrating load. The results were then compared with the experimentally predicted data and the results agreed with each other.
Zubair Butt,Zeeshan Anjum,Amir Sultan,Faisal Qayyum,Hafiz Muhammad Khurram Ali,Shahid Mehmood 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2
Piezoelectricity is the capability of a piezoelectric material to change mechanical energy into electrical energy. The determination of electrical and mechanical properties plays a significant role in characterizing the piezoelectric material. The energy losses characteristics of piezoelectric material can be described by mechanical quality factor. In this paper, the output voltage and mechanical quality factor of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT-4A) piezoelectric material is determined under various resistance and loading conditions by using the test setup. The commercial FEM software ABAQUS is used to analyze the performance of piezoelectric material under static loading conditions. It is observed that these properties affect the performance of a material particularly in the designing of smart structures. The experimental results are partially compared to the simulation values.
Butt, Zubair,Anjum, Zeeshan,Sultan, Amir,Qayyum, Faisal,Khurram Ali, Hafiz Muhammad,Mehmood, Shahid The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2
Piezoelectricity is the capability of a piezoelectric material to change mechanical energy into electrical energy. The determination of electrical and mechanical properties plays a significant role in characterizing the piezoelectric material. The energy losses characteristics of piezoelectric material can be described by mechanical quality factor. In this paper, the output voltage and mechanical quality factor of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT-4A) piezoelectric material is determined under various resistance and loading conditions by using the test setup. The commercial FEM software ABAQUS is used to analyze the performance of piezoelectric material under static loading conditions. It is observed that these properties affect the performance of a material particularly in the designing of smart structures. The experimental results are partially compared to the simulation values.
Characterizing Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Material Using the Finite Element Method
Zubair Butt,Shafiq Ur Rahman,Riffat Asim Pasha,Shahid Mehmood,Saqlain Abbas,Hassan Elahi 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.3
The aim of the current research was to develop and present an effective methodology for simulating and analyzingthe electrical and structural properties of piezoelectric material. The finite element method has been used to makeprecise numerical models when dielectric, piezoelectric and mechanical properties are known. The static anddynamic responses of circular ring-shaped barium titanate piezoelectric material have been investigated using thecommercially available finite element software ABAQUS/CAE. To gain insight into the crystal morphology and toevaluate the purity of the material, a microscopic study was conducted using a scanning electron microscope andenergy dispersive x-ray analysis. It is found that the maximum electrical potential of 6.43 V is obtained at a resonancefrequency of 35 Hz by increasing the vibrating load. The results were then compared with the experimentally predicteddata and the results agreed with each other.
Zubair Butt,Riffat Asim Pasha,Faisal Qayyum,Zeeshan Anjum,Nasir Ahmad,Hassan Elahi 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.8
Energy harvesting is the process of attaining energy from the external sources and transforming it into usable electrical energy. An analytical model of piezoelectric energy harvester has been developed to determine the output voltage across an electrical circuit when it is forced to undergo a base excitation. This model gives an easy approach to design and investigate the behavior of piezoelectric material. Numerical simulations have been carried out to determine the effect of frequency and loading on a Lead zirconate titanate (PZT-5A) piezoelectric material. It has been observed that the output voltage from the harvester increases when loading increases whereas its resonance frequency decreases. The analytical results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental and numerical simulation results.
Hassan Elahi,Zubair Butt,Marco Eugnei,Paolo Gaudenzi,Asif Israr 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.9
Piezoelectric materials are widely used as smart structures in cubic reconnaissance satellites because of their sensing, actuating, and energy-harvesting abilities. In this study, an analytical model is developed in specific mechanical thermal shocking conditions. A special circuit and apparatus is designed for experimentation on the basis of the inverse piezoelectric effect. An equivalent circuit method is used to establish the relationship between the resistance and peak-to-peak voltage of lead zirconate titanate used as smart materials for cubic reconnaissance satellites. Various frequencies and resistance were applied in different mechanical thermal shocking conditions. Moreover, numerical simulations are conducted in various mechanical loading conditions to determine the accumulative effect. The model provides a novel mechanism to characterize the smart structures in cubic reconnaissance satellites. A rise in temperature increases peak-to-peak voltage; a rise in frequency decreases peak-to-peak voltage; and intensified resistance decreases peak-to-peak voltage. Based on experimentation and simulation, the optimum resistance is predicted for the various frequencies and temperatures. The various conditions may correspond to the different applications of smart structures for cubic reconnaissance satellites. The analytical calculations are in good agreement with experimental and numerical calculations.
MUKHTAR, Bazla,ZUBAIR, Muhammad,FASIH, Syeda Tayyaba,HUSSAIN, Munir,BUTT, Rehan Muzamil Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.7
The study aims to examine the interaction of formal and informal institutions for strengthening economic development, particularly entrepreneurship growth. The research will also assess the impact of control variables on political index within the formal and informal markets. The research is quantitative, which analyses panel data of 6 years in 22 countries comprising middle and high-income countries with diversified and unique political, economic, and social systems. The findings suggested that reducing the entry regulation and promoting the social capital within the formal and informal institutions would grow formal and informal entrepreneurship and be a greater source for new venture creation. Moreover, the political index, a control variable, was found significant in the relationship of institutional mix with formal and informal entrepreneurship. Entry regulations in formal and informal institutions are a complex phenomenon in the entrepreneurship literature, moderated by the political development index as tested by the current study. The time horizon for this paper is much longer since it analyzes 6 years (2014-2019) of data on 22 developing and developed countries to see the entrepreneurial growth across multiple regions on different income levels, geographic conditions, and contrasting political and social systems.
Parametric Investigation of Metals (Au, Ag, Pt and Cu) Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Muhammad Asif,Faiz Rasool,Zubair Butt,Muhammad Shahzad,Nouman Ahmad,Abdul Rehman Chishti 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.2
Metals especially gold, silver, platinum and copper are getting more attention for application in electronics fi eld due to their versatile properties. In this paper, we selected the materials after comparison on the basis of their signifi cant properties. Those properties are conductivity, physical properties, reactivity, cost and demand and supply. We investigate the conductivity of metals at various temperature values, their historically monthly prices along with their worldwide demand and supply. First, we compare their conductivity and resistivity for various values of temperature as well as by adding impurity into them. Secondly, we examined their responses when they are in contact with the atmosphere, their historically monthly prices, availability in the earth crust, and a brief discussion on the structure of these metals. These metals are widely used in electronics and jewelry because of their good conductivity, chemical stability and long lasting. We implemented the analytical hierarchy process for the parametric investigation of these metals which is a general theory of measurement. It has been used to derive ratio scales from both continuous and discrete paired comparison. This comparison is taken from actual measurement which refl ects the relative strength of preferences. The metals are also useful to design electrical stimulator with low-frequency current to regulate the blood of the human body. By using the stimulator at acupuncture points to pass through small electrical signal is useful to control blood fl ow in the human body as well as provides relief in pain.