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남혜원,현영희,변진원 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.6
This study was performed to develop a standardized recipe for yuza pyun made of citron juice that is by-product of citron tea, to increase the utilization of citron. The effects of mungbean starch(15%, 18%) and dilution ratio of yuza extract(100%, 75%, 50%) on the quality characteristics were evaluated. The quality characteristics of the samples were estimated in terms of sweetness, color difference, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation. Sweetness of the 18% mungbean groups were higher than 15% groups(p<0.001). The values of Hunter color system indicated that higher content of yuza extract tended to increase yellowness significantly(p<0.001). Texture profiles of hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess of yuzapyun showed no significant differences among samples. For sensory evaluation, color and sourness were decreased as yuza extract was diluted, whereas elasticity and sweetness were increased. Yuza pyun containing 18% of mungbean starch with 50% diluted extract was the most preferred in overall acceptability. According to multiple regression analysis, color, sweetness, elasticity and sourness(in order) were important control factors in overall acceptability.
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Danielle Ooyoung Pyun,Miri K. Chung,Ho Jung Choi 고려대학교 언어정보연구소 2013 언어정보 Vol.17 No.-
Pyun, Danielle O., Chung, Miri K. & Choi, Ho Jung. 2013. KFL learners’ acquisition of Korean locative particles: A corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis. Language Information. Volume 17. 23-46. Adopting the contrastive interlanguage analysis methodology, this study investigates KFL (Korean as a Foreign Language) learners’ acquisition of Korean locative case particles. A learner corpus compiled from eighty-seven intermediate learners of Korean was compared with a native speaker corpus on the frequency distribution of the five semantic categories of the Korean locative case (i.e, static location, dynamic location, time, goal, and source). In addition, learner errors on the use of locative case particles were quantified and examined according to the five semantic categories. The results of this study showed that KFL learners’ use of locative case particles substantially deviated from native speakers’ usage in frequency. Learners’ inaccurate and limited use of locative case particles were attributed to such factors as L1 transfer, overgeneralization, prior input, and interlanguage development.
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Courtly Love Shown in Geoffrey Chaucer's The Merchant's and Franklin's Tales
Pyun, Moo-Tae 현대영미어문학회 2001 현대영미어문학 Vol.19 No.1
The Franklin′s Tale은 우스꽝스러운 위엄을 풍김에도 불구하고 가장 부드럽고, 매우 우아하며, 웃음을 자아내는 이야기이며, 반면에 The Merchant′s Tale은 매우 야만스러울 정도로 음란하며, 화를 돋구며, 비관적이고, 웃음이 나오지 않는 이야기이다. 그러나 본 연구논문의 목적은 위에 언급한 두 가지 이야기 사이의 유사성을 살피고, 수없이 많은 유사점과 궁중사랑과 관련된 몇 가지 중요한 구조적 유사점을 밝히는 것이다. C. S. Lewis는 궁중사랑은 Chaucer가 The Canterbury Tales를 쓰던 시절에 더 이상 설득력이 없었다고 주장한 바 있다. 그러나, Chaucer가 그의 초기 작품에서 사용했던 기법과 주제를 지속적으로 사용했다는 증거가 매우 명백하다. 따라서 궁중사랑 체제가 불어가 사용되던 시기에 그의 후기 작품에서 중요한 역할을 하던 대변인 격을 맡고 있음을 자연스럽게 밝힐 수 있다. 궁중사랑의 관습은 The Knight′s Tale은 물론이고 The Wife of Bath′s Tale과 Miller′s Tale 그리고 The Merchant′s and The Franklin′s Tales에서 나타난다. 그 이전의 주제를 버린 것이 아니라 단지 주제를 바꾼 것뿐이다. 남자와 여자에 대한 영원한 수수께끼는 여전히 Chaucer의 마음속에서는 가장 중요한 것이며, 그가 손대는 모든 것에 색채를 입히고 있다. 궁중사랑이라는 관습은 The Merchant′s Tale과 The Franklin′s Tale의 구조적 기본 패턴을 형성하는 것처럼 보인다. 각각의 이야기는 남편과 부인, 그리고 연인의 삼각관계에 얽힌 이야기이며, 여기에서 연인은 궁중사랑의 관습에 따라 부인이 남편에게 불충하도록 설득한다. 이야기 속에 등장하는 젊은 지주들은 모두 놀라울 정도로 비슷한 캐릭터로서, 궁중사랑이 요구하는 행동 패턴을 따른다.
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Polymorphisms within the FANCA gene associate with premature ovarian failure in Korean women
Pyun, Jung-A.,Kim, Sunshin,Cha, Dong Hyun,Kwack, KyuBum by The North American Menopause Society. 2014 Menopause Vol.21 No.5
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether polymorphisms within the Fanconi anemia complementation group A (FANCA) gene contribute to the increased risk of premature ovarian failure (POF) in Korean women. METHODS: Ninety-eight women with POF and 218 controls participated in this study. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was isolated, and GoldenGate genotyping assay was used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the FANCA gene. RESULTS: Two significant SNPs (rs1006547 and rs2239359; P < 0.05) were identified by logistic regression analysis, but results were insignificant after Bonferroni correction. Six SNPs formed a linkage disequilibrium block, and three main haplotypes were found. Two of three haplotypes (AAAGAA and GGGAGG) distributed highly in the POF group, whereas the remaining haplotype (GGAAGG) distributed highly in the control group by logistic regression analysis (highest odds ratio, 2.515; 95% CI, 1.515-4.175; P = 0.00036). CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggest that genetic variations in the FANCA gene may increase the risk for POF in Korean women.
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Pyun Yong woo(片龍雨) 고려대학교 글로벌일본연구원 2014 일본연구 Vol.22 No.-
"Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan" (1825) is based on the story of Oiwa. Several novels based on the same story, such as "Yotuya Zodan" (unknown), "Momonnga Konkaidan" (1788), "Kannzen Tuneyomonogatari" (1805), and "Kinseikaidan Simoyono Hosi" were published or written before "Tokaido Yotuya Kaida." But specific images of Oiwa are most influenced by "Tokaido Yotsuya Kaidan." This paper aims to explain the role of "Tokaido Yotuya Kaidan" in changes of Oiwa, especially her face, and the adultery framed by her husband. Oiwa's left eye droops down her face and is partially darkened due to poison given to her by her husband. The idea first came from director Onoe Kikugoro, III and his father. Kikugoro improved the idea to make it frightening when he staged, "Tokaido Yotuya Kaidana" in Osaka in 1826. Iemon, the husband of Oiwa, accused Oiwa of adultery and killed her. This story was created by Kyokutei Bakin of "Kannzen Tuneyomonogatari," to reasonably proceed story lines. It made Nanboku create the role of Takuetu who commits adultery with Oiwa in, "Tokaido Yotuya Kaidan". Later, Takuetu has become one of the main characters in the story of Oiwa, for example, in the movie version of "Tokaido Yotuya Kaidan" (1959) and "Warau Iemon" (1997). 四世鶴屋南北の『東海道四谷怪談』(1825年初演)は、実録体小説『四谷雑談』(成立年未詳)、黄表紙『模文画今怪談』(1788年刊)、読本『勧善常世物語』(1805年刊)、読本『近世怪談霜夜星』(1808年刊)に共通するお岩の話を題材にしている。お岩の話は、歌舞伎『東海道四谷怪談』の成功により、合巻と読本という読み物として再生産される。このように歌舞伎『東海道四谷怪談』は、読み物と互いに影響し合っているにも関わらず、読み物との比較はあまりなされてこなかった。しかし、『東海道四谷怪談』上演以前の読み物に共通に見られるお岩の顔と筋は、『東海道四谷怪談』の上演を期にいくつか変わっている。そこで本論文では、お岩の顔の演出と密通という二つの点に絞り、『東海道四谷怪談』と前後の読み物を比較した。 『常世物語』と『霜夜星』の挿絵に描かれたお岩の容貌は、現行の歌舞伎とは異なり、片目が崩れて髪が抜け落ちていない。片目が崩れている顔のお岩は、歌舞伎『東海道四谷怪談』の初演の時、お岩を演じていた三世尾上菊五郎の当たり役である累の趣向を取り入れた結果生まれたのである。そして、髪が抜け落ちる演出は、菊五郎が養父の尾上松緑の『阿国御前化粧鏡』(文化六年六月、森田座)における髪梳きの趣向を取り入れた演出である。特に菊五郎は、1826年の再演の時、一度に髪が多く抜け落ちるという新しい工夫を施し、より恐ろしいお岩にしたのである。 『四谷雑談』の伊右衛門は、お岩に自分を不埒者と思わせ、お岩に自ら縁切りを申し出させるという、いわばお岩の反応次第で謀の成否が決まる不確実な計略をお岩に仕掛けていた。しかし、『常世物語』の作者曲亭馬琴は、伊右衛門(『常世物語』の常景)がお岩(『常世物語』の狭霧)に密通を仕掛ける趣向を取り入れることで、筋を緊密に運んでいる。鶴屋南北も、『東海道四谷怪談』において密通の趣向を宅悦という役に取り入れている。以後、宅悦と結びついた密通の趣向は、『屏風怨霊四谷怪談』(1837年刊)、一九五九年の映画『東海道四谷怪談』、京極夏彦の小説『嗤う伊右衛門』(1999年)にも影響を与えている。
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