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Geotechnical properties of tire-sand mixtures as backfill material for buried pipe installations
Terzi, Niyazi U.,Erenson, C.,Selcuk, Murat E. Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.4
Millions of scrap tires are discarded annually in Turkey. The bulk of which are currently landfilled or stockpiled. These tires consume valuable landfill space or if improperly disposed, create a fire hazard and provide a prolific breeding ground for rats and mosquitoes. Used tires pose both a serious public and environmental health problem which means that economically feasible alternatives for scrap tire disposal must be found. Some of the current uses of scrap tires are tire-derived fuel, creating barrier reefs and as an asphalt additive in the form of crumb rubber. However, there is a much need for the development of additional uses for scrap tires. One development the creation of shreds from scrap tires that are coarse grained, free draining and have a low compacted density thus offering significant advantages for use as lightweight subgrade fill and backfill material. This paper reports a comprehensive laboratory study that was performed to evaluate the use of a shredded tire-sand mixture as a backfill material in trench conditions. A steel frame test tank with glass walls was created to replicate a classical trench section in field conditions. The results of the test demonstrated that shredded tires mixed with sand have a definite potential to be effectively used as backfill material for buried pipe installations.
Nonlinear dynamic behavior of Pamukcay Earthfill Dam
Terzi, Niyazi U.,Selcuk, Murat E. Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.1
Water and energy supplies are the key factors affecting the economic development and environmental improvement of Turkey. Given their important role and the fact that a large part of Turkey is in seismically active zones dams should be accurately analyzed since failure could have a serious impact on the local population environment and on a wider level could affect the economy. In this paper, a procedure is proposed for the static, slope stability, seepage and dynamic analysis of an earth dam and the Pamukcay embankment dam. The acceleration time history and maximum horizontal peak ground accelerations of the $Bing\ddot{o}l$ (2003) earthquake data was used based on Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) data. Numerical analysis showed that, the Pamukcay dam is likely to experience moderate deformations during the design earthquake but will remain stable after the earthquake is applied. The result also indicated that, non-linear analysis capable of capturing dominant non-linear mechanism can be used to assess the stability of embankment dams.
An Improved Hybrid Feature Reduction for Increased Breast Cancer Diagnostic Performance
Ahmet Mert,Niyazi K l ç,Ayd n Akan 대한의용생체공학회 2014 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.4 No.3
AbstractPurpose Early and correct diagnosis of a disease is vital forthe success of treatment. Medical diagnostic decision supportsystem can be used to improve the accuracy of the traditionaldiagnosis. As such, various pattern recognition methods arestudied and applied to develop medical diagnostic decisionsupport system. In this study, the effects of dimensionalityreduction techniques with probabilistic neural network (PNN)on breast cancer classification are examined. Methods A hybrid method is proposed using the independentcomponent analysis (ICA) and the discrete wavelet transform(DWT) to reduce feature vectors of Wisconsin diagnosticbreast cancer (WDBC) data set. Two independent components(ICs), and one approximation coefficient of the DWT areused as a reduced feature vector to classify breast cancer usingPNN. Performance measures such as accuracy, sensitivity,specificity, Youden’s index and the receiver operatingcharacteristics (ROC) curve are computed to indicate theadvantages of the hybrid feature reduction. Results The proposed feature reduction approach using ICAand DWT improves the diagnostic capability of the PNNclassifier. The hybrid feature reduction has a higher diagnosticcapability than the original thirty features using PNN as aclassifier. Accuracy and sensitivity are 96.31% and 98.88%,while the results of the classification using the original thirtyfeatures are 92.09% and 95.52%. Conclusions Feature reduction approach using ICA andDWT together increases the performance measures of breast cancer classification using PNN, while reducing computational complexity.
Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients with Previous Excisional Biopsy
Gokhan Coskun,Lutfi Dogan,Niyazi Karaman,Cihangir Ozaslan,Can Atalay 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.1
Purpose: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer patients with clinically negative axilla will ensure axillary dissection only for cases with lymph node metastasis and provide information about pathologic staging as accurate as the axillary dissection. It was shown that SLNB could be successfully performed regardless of the type of biopsy. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of SLNB after excisional biopsy. Methods:One hundred patients diagnosed with excisional biopsy or guide wire-localization and operated on with SLNB between February 2007 and March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. SLNB was performed with 10 cc of 1% methylene blue alone or both methylene blue and 1 mCi of Tc-99m nanocolloid combination. Age, tumor localization and size, length of the biopsy incision, size of the biopsy specimen, multifocality, lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, staining with methylene blue, localization, number and metastatic status of the lymph nodes stained, and success rate with a gamma probe were evaluated. Results: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) could not be identified in 9 (16.9%) of patients in the methylene blue group (n=53). In the combination group (n=47), SLN could not be identified in one patient. Of 32 patients with negative SLNB, metastatic involvement was found to be present in 5 patients after axillary lymph node dissection (false negatives). The average numbers of SLNs found in the methylene blue group and combination group were 1.4 and 1.6, respectively. SLN detection and false negative rates in the methylene blue group were 83% and 15.7%, respectively. The rates for the combination group were 98% and 6.4%, respectively. None of the parameters related to patient, tumor or process were found to affect detection rates of SLN. Conclusion: Only SLNB using a combination method is a safe and reliable technique for breast cancer patients diagnosed with excisional biopsy.
Sui, Shuang,Jiao, Zhen,Niyazi, Mayinuer,Sulaiya, Sulaiya,Lu, Ping,Qiao, You-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.10
We investigated the distribution of HPV genotypes in Uyghur women in Xinjiang region of China, and behavioral factors which could predispose them to HPV infection. In this cross-sectional study, women aged 15-59 years were recruited by cluster sampling method in Yutian region in 2009. Liquid-based cytology samples were analyzed centrally for HPV genotype with a linear array detector. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify behavioral risk factors for HPV infection. A total of 883 Uyghur women were recruited successfully. The prevalence of high-risk HPV and low-risk HPV were 7.25% and 1.58%, respectively; the most common HPVs were HPV16, 51, 31, 39 and 58. We found that age of first sexual intercourse was a strong predictor for HPV infection (odds ratio of 4.01 for ${\leq}15$ years versus ${\geq}25$). Having sexual partners ${\geq}3$ was the second predictor (OR 3.69, 95% CI 2.24-7.16). Cleaning the vagina after sex showed an increased risk of HPV infection (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.98-5.13); Using the condom showed protective factors for HPV infection (OR 0.36; 95%CI0.12-0.53). HPV16, 51, 31, 39 and 58 were the priority types; the age of first sexual intercourse was identified as a major risk factor for HPV infection. Other notable risks were number of sexual partners and cleaning the vagina after sex. Changing these behavioral risk factors could help to reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer in this population.
( Corlu M. Sencer ),( Erdogan Niyazi ),( Aahin Alpaslan ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육연구 Vol.15 No.3
Teachers` attitudes and beliefs are related to teaching practices and are dependent upon their teaching domain. The present study compares conceptual models of creative student oriented teaching practices of mathematics teachers in two OECD countries, South Korea and Turkey to provide an insight for teacher educators and policy makers. Teaching and Learning International Survey 2008 (TALIS 2008) data are used to test the fit of a path analysis model with a subsample of 1337 middle school mathematics teachers (N_Korea=562 vs. N_Turkey=775). The study showed that Turkish teachers were younger and Less experienced, whereas Korean teachers were better educated. Despite the statistical differences in attitudes, beliefs and practices between countries, it was found that the teaching practices of mathematics teachers in both countries were more complex than to be explained only through attitudes and beliefs.