The Theoretical Grounds of the Advertisement Comment

Fang Ning 한국유통과학회 2013 한국유통과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

The paper is not a standard thesis with a central argument but a discussion of the theoretical grounds about the given advertisement comment. It will mainly analyze structuralism, Marxism, feminism, traditionalism, discourse transfer and some other aspects related to both linguistics and literary criticism, which should be, in my opinion, the theoretical background for the argumentation in the article in question.

Camouflage treatment in adult skeletal Class III cases by extraction of two lower premolars

Fang Ning,Yinzhong Duan 대한치과교정학회 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.5

이번 연구의 목적은 성인 골격성 III급 부정교합환자의 하악 제1소구치 또는 제2소구치 발치 후에 치조골격성 변화와 연조직 변화를 평가하는 데 있다. 28명의 경계선상에 있는 골격성 III급 부정교합환자들이 연구되었다. 모든 환자는 하악 제1소구치 또는 제2소구치를 발치한 후 치료되었으며 치료 전과 치료 후 측모두부방사선사진을 촬영하여 paired t-test를 통해 분석하였다. 치료 후에 골격적으로 유의성 있는 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 치성변화에 대해 하악 전치각도가 8.1도 정도 감소하였으며 interincisal angle은 7.7도 정도 증가하였다 (p < 0.01). 수평 피개는 5.7 mm로 증가하였으며 (p < 0.01), L1-NB 각은 7.3도 감소하였고 L1-NB 거리는 4.8 mm 감소하였다 (p < 0.01). 연조직 변화에 있어 Li-E, Li-H과 LiRL2 거리는 각각 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 4.1 mm 감소하였다 (p < 0.01). 심하지 않은 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자에 대한 하악 소구치 발치를 통한 교정적인 보상치료는 우수한 교합관계를 달성할 수 있으며 예측이 가능한 치료 대안이 될 수 있다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile changes after extraction of two lower first or second premolars in “borderline” adult skeletal Class III cases. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with “borderline” skeletal Class III malocclusion were studied. All of them were treated by extraction of two lower first or second premolars. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at the start and end of treatment were analysed. Twenty-five cephalometric variables were calculated and paired t-tests were performed. Results: After treatment, no significant changes were noted in the skeletal parameters (p ≥ 0.05). Regarding the dental parameters, the L1-MP angle decreased by 8.1˚, the U1-L1 angle increased by 7.7˚ (p < 0.01), the overjet distance increased by 5.7 mm (p < 0.01), the L1-NB angle decreased by 7.3˚ and the L1-NB distance decreased by 4.8 mm (p < 0.01). The soft tissue parameters of Li-E, Li-H and Li-RL2 distance decreased by 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm and 4.1 mm respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Orthodontic camouflage treatment by extraction of two lower first or second premolars provides a viable treatment alternative for “borderline” skeletal Class III cases to achieve a good occlusal relationship. (Korean J Orthod 2010;40(5):349-357)

Two Androstane Derivatives from the Cultures of Fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer

Ning-Ning Yang,Qing-Yun Ma,Sheng-Zhuo Huang,Hao-Fu Dai,Zhi-Kai Guo,Zhi-Fang Yu,You-Xing Zhao 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.11

A new androstane derivative, 4β-methyl-15-oxa-14β-androstane-7-ene-4α-carboxylic acid (1) and a known one 4β-methyl-15-oxa-14β-androstane-7-ene-4α-hydroxyl (2) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the cultures of the fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS spectroscopic data analysis. The inhibitory activity of two isolates against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) revealed that compound 1 exhibited definitely inhibitory activity.

Camouflage treatment in adult skeletal Class III cases by extraction of two lower premolars

Ning, Fang,Duan, Yinzhong The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.5

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile changes after extraction of two lower first or second premolars in "borderline" adult skeletal Class III cases. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with "borderline" skeletal Class III malocclusion were studied. All of them were treated by extraction of two lower first or second premolars. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at the start and end of treatment were analysed. Twenty-five cephalometric variables were calculated and paired $t$-tests were performed. Results: After treatment, no significant changes were noted in the skeletal parameters ($p{\geq}0.05$). Regarding the dental parameters, the L1-MP angle decreased by $8.1^{\circ}$, the U1-L1 angle increased by $7.7^{\circ}$ ($p$ < 0.01), the overjet distance increased by 5.7 mm ($p$ < 0.01), the L1-NB angle decreased by $7.3^{\circ}$ and the L1-NB distance decreased by 4.8 mm ($p$ < 0.01). The soft tissue parameters of Li-E, Li-H and Li-RL2 distance decreased by 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm and 4.1 mm respectively ($p$ < 0.01). Conclusions: Orthodontic camouflage treatment by extraction of two lower first or second premolars provides a viable treatment alternative for "borderline" skeletal Class III cases to achieve a good occlusal relationship. 이번 연구의 목적은 성인 골격성 III급 부정교합환자의 하악 제1소구치 또는 제2소구치 발치 후에 치조골격성 변화와 연조직 변화를 평가하는 데 있다. 28명의 경계선상에 있는 골격성 III급 부정교합환자들이 연구되었다. 모든 환자는 하악 제1소구치 또는 제2소구치를 발치한 후 치료되었으며 치료 전과 치료 후 측모두부방사선사진을 촬영하여 paired t-test를 통해 분석하였다. 치료 후에 골격적으로 유의성 있는 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 치성변화에 대해 하악 전치각도가 8.1도 정도 감소하였으며 interincisal angle은 7.7도 정도 증가하였다 ($p$ < 0.01). 수평 피개는 5.7 mm로 증가하였으며 ($p$ < 0.01), L1-NB 각은 7.3도 감소하였고 L1-NB 거리는 4.8 mm 감소하였다 ($p$ < 0.01). 연조직 변화에 있어 Li-E, Li-H과 LiRL2 거리는 각각 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 4.1 mm 감소하였다 ($p$ < 0.01). 심하지 않은 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자에 대한 하악 소구치 발치를 통한 교정적인 보상치료는 우수한 교합관계를 달성할 수 있으며 예측이 가능한 치료 대안이 될 수 있다.

Two Androstane Derivatives from the Cultures of Fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer

Yang, Ning-Ning,Ma, Qing-Yun,Huang, Sheng-Zhuo,Dai, Hao-Fu,Guo, Zhi-Kai,Yu, Zhi-Fang,Zhao, You-Xing Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.11

A new androstane derivative, $4{\beta}$-methyl-15-oxa-$14{\beta}$-androstane-7-ene-$4{\alpha}$-carboxylic acid (1) and a known one $4{\beta}$-methyl-15-oxa-$14{\beta}$-androstane-7-ene-$4{\alpha}$-hydroxyl (2) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the cultures of the fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS spectroscopic data analysis. The inhibitory activity of two isolates against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) revealed that compound 1 exhibited definitely inhibitory activity.

Identification of a novel circularized transcript of the AML1 gene

Ai Ning Xu,Xiu Hua Chen,Yan Hong Tan,Xi Ling Qi,Zhi Fang Xu,Lin Lin Zhang,Fang Gang Ren,Si Cheng Bian,Yi Chen,Hong Wei Wang 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.3

위안화 환율 변화의 중국 수출입에 대한 영향 분석

필위녕(Bi, Wei Ning),임방방(Ren, Fang Fang),남수중(Nam, Soo Joong) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2014 중국과 중국학 Vol.22 No.-

본 논문은 요한슨 공적분 검정법과 중력모형을 이용하여 위안화 환율변화가 중국 용도별 수출입에 미친 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 1998년부터 2012년까지 중국과 20개 교역대상국의 연도별 패널데이터를 고정효과, 확률효과와 최소자승법(OLS)으로 나누어 분석하였다. 본 논문의 주요 결과는 다음과 같은 의미를 갖는다. 첫째, 환율의 변화와 수출입 사이에는 장기적 균형관계가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 환율의 수출 및 수입 수요 탄력성의 절대값 합이 3.09에 달해 1보다 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉 마샬-러너 조건이 충족되었다. 본 연구는 위안화의 명목환율 변화가 장기적으로 중국 수출입에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 규명하였다. 위안화 환율변화가 중국의 수출입에 미치는 영향을 추정한 결과에 따르면 수출보다는 수입이 환율변동에 대해 더 민감하게 반응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 중국과 외국의 GDP 변화가 수출입에 미친 영향을 보면, 중국의 수출에 대한 외국의 GDP 영향, 즉 외국의 수입 수요는 모두 통계적으로 1%에서 유의미하였으나, 중간재와 소비재보다 자본재의 수출에 대한 영향이 가장 컸던 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 수입의 경우, 중국 국내수입 수요, 즉 GDP 증가는 자본재, 중간재, 소비재 모두 회귀계수 값이 높지 않은 반면, 중간재와 소비재의 경우 통계적으로 1%에서 유의하였다. 셋째, 실증분석 결과는 실질실효 환율이 절상된다면 자본재, 중간재, 소비재 수출이 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 모두 통계적으로도 유의하였다. 반면 수입의 경우, 환율 변화의 영향이 제한적인 것으로 추정되었다. 특히 자본재의 수입이 통계적으로 유의미한 값을 제시하지 못하였다. This paper focuses on the long-term and short-term impact of RMB exchange rate on China’s export and import trade to 20 countries from 1980 to 2012. Through the Johansen cointegration test and gravity model, this paper concludes that the export is a positive to the change of exchange rate in the long-term, but the import is negative. The exchange rate elasticity of the import is larger than the export. As a result, Marshall-Lerner condition is valid. It is 3.09, more high than 1. Therefore, the GDP of China and foreign countries are the important factors and possesses a significantly positive impact on China’s exports and imports. The empirical model reveals that the effects of RMB real effective exchange rate are a significantly positive on capital goods, intermediate goods and consumption goods exports. But China’s imports have not any significant results statistically, particularly on capital goods imports. From the empirical result, it is proved that exchange rate flexibility has the obvious influence on China’s export and import trade in the short and long term.

Quality of Life of Male Spouse Caregivers for Breast Cancer Patients in China

Zhu, Ping,Fu, Ju-Fang,Wang, Bo,Lin, Jing,Wang, Yan,Fang, Ning-Ning,Wang, Dan-Dan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of male spouse caregivers of breast cancer patients in China, assess their quality of life (QOL), and investigate the influencing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 243 breast cancer patient-spouse caregiver dyads were recruited from four hospitals in Shanxi and Anhui province of China. A cross-sectional design was applied to collect data and the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) was used to measure caregivers' QOL, and the Chinese version of M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-C) was applied to measure patient symptom severity and interference. Pearson's correlation was used to examine the correlations between caregiver burden and QOL. The multiple regression analysis was used to determine the most predictive factors influencing QOL. Results: The scores of all SF-36 scales were above 50.0, which were much lower than that of general mainland Chinese males. Mental QOL was significantly worse than physical QOL. Spouses demographic characteristics, caregiving-related variables and patient symptoms were related to spouse QOL. Caregiver burden has a negative relationship with QOL. Conclusions: A decrease in life events and patient symptoms, as well as increase in spouse sleeping time and family income, ought to improve QOL.

Preclinical Study of Cell Therapy for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head with Allogenic Peripheral Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Tao Zhang,Qiang Fu,Ning-Ning Tang,Qian Zhang,Yi Liu,Jia-Chen Peng,Ning Fang,Li-Mei Yu,Jin-Wei Liu 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.4

Purpose: To explore the value of transplanting peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells from allogenic rabbits (rPBMSCs)to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Materials and Methods: rPBMSCs were separated/cultured from peripheral blood after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilization. Afterwards, mobilized rPBMSCs from a second passage labeled with PKH26 were transplanted into rabbit ONFH models, which were established by liquid nitrogen freezing, to observe the effect of rPBMSCs on ONFH repair. Then, the mRNA expressions of BMP-2 and PPAR-γ in the femoral head were assessed by RT-PCR. Results: After mobilization, the cultured rPBMSCs expressed mesenchymal markers of CD90, CD44, CD29, and CD105, but failed to express CD45, CD14, and CD34. The colony forming efficiency of mobilized rPBMSCs ranged from 2.8 to 10.8 per million peripheralmononuclear cells. After local transplantation, survival of the engrafted cells reached at least 8 weeks. Therein, BMP-2 was up-regulated, while PPAR-γ mRNA was down-regulated. Additionally, bone density and bone trabeculae tended to increase gradually. Conclusion: We confirmed that local transplantation of rPBMSCs benefits ONFH treatment and that the beneficial effects are relatedto the up-regulation of BMP-2 expression and the down-regulation of PPAR-γ expression.

Antioxidant Properties of Proanthocyanidins Attenuate Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)–Induced Steatosis and Liver Injury in Rats via CYP2E1 Regulation

Ning Dai,Yuan Zou,Lei Zhu,Hui-Fang Wang,Mu-Gen Dai 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.6

Liver steatosis is characterized by lipid dysregulation and fat accumulation in the liver and can lead tooxidative stress in liver. Since proanthocyanidins are present in plant-based foods and have powerful antioxidant properties,we investigated whether proanthocyanidins can prevent oxidative stress and subsequent liver injury. Carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) treatment can cause steatosis in rats that models both alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans. Wepre-treated rats by oral administration of proanthocyanidins extracted from grape seeds 7 days prior to intragastricallyadministering CCl4. Proanthocyanidin treatment continued for an additional 2 weeks, after which time liver and serum were harvested, and mediators of liver injury, oxidative stress, and histological features were evaluated. CCl4-treated rats exhibited significant increases in the following parameters as compared to non-treated rats: fat droplets in the liver, liver injury (ALT, AST), and DNA damage (8-OHdG). Additionally, CCl4 treatment decreased antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH, GPX, and CAT in the liver due to their rapid depletion after battling against oxidative stress. Compared to CCl4-treated rats, treatment with proanthocyanidins effectively suppressed lipid accumulation, liver injury, DNA damage, as well as restored antioxidant enzyme levels. Further investigation revealed that proanthocyanidins treatment also inhibited expression of CYP2E1 in liver, which prevented the initial step of generating free radicals from CCl4. The data presented here show that treatment with orally administered proanthocyanidins prevented liver injury in the CCl4-induced steatosis model, likely through exerting antioxidant actions to suppress oxidative stress and inhibiting the free radical–generating CYP2E1 enzyme.