http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Relationship between threatened vascular plants and the human population in Japan
Hayashi, Naoki,Watanabe, Eriko,Matsuda, Hiroyuki The Ecological Society of Korea 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.4
Using data sets for Japan as a whole, as arranged with approximately $10{\times}10$ km squares (a secondary grid), we investigated the relationship between population density and the habitats of threatened vascular plants listed in the Japanese Red Data Book; depopulated areas in the present and future, areas where under-use may be serious, and those with a predominance of elderly people; and the present state of the habitats in terms of a characteristic land use pattern. Regarding the habitats of threatened vascular plants, the progress of deterioration [$(N_{CR}+N_{EN})/(N_{CR}+N_{EN}+N_{VU})$] in depopulated areas has been confirmed, where $N_{CR}$, $N_{EN}$, and $N_{VU}$ are the numbers of species classified as critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable, respectively. Moreover, in grid squares used by a human such as farmland, the progress of the deterioration simply increases when population density becomes low. However, for many vascular plants, they are particularly endangered in populous areas. Local populations will decrease throughout Japan with the rate of depopulation in and around large cities being relatively slow. We also propose some issues that need further study. The deterioration by human activity may be reduced. On the other hand, some vascular plants may be adversely influenced by depopulation. Additionally, we should keep a close watch on grasslands and water areas in large cities to preserve vascular plants.
Relationship between threatened vascular plants and the human population in Japan
Naoki Hayashi,Eriko Watanabe,Hiroyuki Matsuda 한국생태학회 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.4
Using data sets for Japan as a whole, as arranged with approximately 10 × 10 km squares (a secondary grid), we investigated the relationship between population density and the habitats of threatened vascular plants listed in the Japanese Red Data Book; depopulated areas in the present and future, areas where under-use may be serious, and those with a predominance of elderly people; and the present state of the habitats in terms of a characteristic land use pattern. Regarding the habitats of threatened vascular plants, the progress of deterioration [(NCR + NEN)/(NCR + NEN + NVU)] in depopulated areas has been confirmed, where NCR, NEN, and NVU are the numbers of species classified as critically endangered, endangered,and vulnerable, respectively. Moreover, in grid squares used by a human such as farmland, the progress of the deterioration simply increases when population density becomes low. However, for many vascular plants, they are particularly endangered in populous areas. Local populations will decrease throughout Japan with the rate of depopulation in and around large cities being relatively slow. We also propose some issues that need further study. The deterioration by human activity may be reduced. On the other hand, some vascular plants may be adversely influenced by depopulation. Additionally, we should keep a close watch on grasslands and water areas in large cities to preserve vascular plants.
NAOKI KISHI,SHINYA KATO,TAKESHI SAITO,JUNKI HAYASHI,DAIKI ITO,YASUHIKO HAYASHI,TETSUO SOGA,TAKASHI JIMBO 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2011 NANO Vol.6 No.6
We report the exploration of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs as a material for the hole transport layer of polymer solar cells. The electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT film was enhanced as compared to that of PEDOT:PSS because of the carrier transport pass through SWCNTs. Moreover, we have fabricated polymer solar cells with the hole transport layer of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNTs and demonstrated the improvement of a fill factor and short circuit current density in the polymer solar cells with the hole transport layer of PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT as compared to the PEDOT:PSS.
Colon Capsule Endoscopy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Naoki Hosoe,Yukie Hayashi,Haruhiko Ogata 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.5
Colon capsule endoscopy was initially introduced in 2006. Since the results of a prospective study to evaluate first-generation coloncapsule endoscopy efficacy for the detection of colonic neoplasia were unsatisfactory, second-generation colon capsule endoscopywas developed and reported in 2009. In this review article, we provide an overview of the current state of colon capsule endoscopyfor evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease in a clinical setting and describe our clinical experience with this technology and itsapplication. Among the various types of inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis is the primary target for application of coloncapsule endoscopy. Nevertheless, the initial results of studies using first-generation colon capsule endoscopy to evaluate inflammationwere unclear. More recently, second-generation colon capsule endoscopy has provided higher accuracy for assessment of inflammationin patients with ulcerative colitis. Colon capsule endoscopy enables noninvasive observation (with reduced volume preparation) ofmucosal inflammation severity in patients with ulcerative colitis.
Topology Discovery for Telecommunications-carrier Networks using Equipment Alarms
Atsushi Takada,Naoki Hayashi,Mizuto Nakamura,Naoyuki Tanji,Toshihiko Seki,Kyoko Yamagoe 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09
As for the service assurance operation of telecommunications carriers, accurate information about a network topology which indicates the connection relationships between pieces of network equipment is necessary. However, the network of a telecommunications carrier has several hundreds of thousands of equipment, and its topology is frequently supplemented and modified due to daily construction work and troubleshooting. It is a therefore a problem when incorrect topology information is mixed into the overall topology information. In this paper, we propose a method that can discover the topology between equipment by using alarm information issued by those equipment during construction work or when a failure occurs. The proposed method was evaluated using alarm information generated under in certain commercial configurations (sections containing specific routers), and it was confirmed that the current topology could be discovered with 100% accuracy, even though only 1.7% of the total topology was evaluated in one day.
Kaoru Takabayashi,Naoki Hosoe,Motohiko Kato,Yukie Hayashi,Ryoichi Miyanaga,Kosaku Nanki,Kayoko Fukuhara,Yohei Mikami,Shinta Mizuno,Tomohisa Sujino,Makoto Mutaguchi,Makoto Naganuma,Naohisa Yahagi,Haruh 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.5
Background/Aims: The evaluation of small bowel lesions of Crohn’s disease (CD) using balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) is crucial because mucosal healing is associated with a good prognosis. However, BAE procedures are invasive, requiring sedation or analgesia to reduce the patient’s pain. This study evaluated the clinical usefulness of a novel ultrathin single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) procedure for CD. Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 102 CD patients who underwent trans-anal SBE between January 2012 and May 2018. Of these patients, 82 underwent enteroscopy using conventional SBE, while 20 underwent ultrathin SBE. Patients were analyzed using propensity score matching, with 20 patients per group. The median duration of the examination, terminal ileum intubation rate, median cecum intubation time, median insertion depth, adverse events, and sedated dose in each group were compared. Results: Before propensity score matching, the conventional SBE group had a larger number of surgical history patients than the ultrathin SBE group (p=0.05). After matching, the two groups did not significantly differ clinically. There were no significant differences in the mean duration of the examination, cecum intubation time, or terminal ileal intubation rate between ultrathin SBE and conventional SBE. The mean insertion depth of ultrathin SBE tended to be deeper than that of conventional SBE (p=0.09). The use of ultrathin SBE also reduced the sedative dose during needed for enteroscopy compared with conventional SBE (p=0.005). Conclusions: Novel ultrathin SBE may be less painful for CD patients than conventional SBE.
Unilateral rostral mandibulectomy for gingival vascular hamartoma in two calves
Takeshi Tsuka,Yoshiharu Okamoto,Naoki Yamamoto,Keiji Hayashi,Takehito Morita,Yuji Sunden,Yusuke Murahata,Kazuo Azuma,Tomohiro Osaki,Norihiko Ito,Tomohiro Imagawa 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.4
A 2-month-old female Holstein calf and a 5-month-old female Japanese black calf presented with gingival vascular hamartoma located in the interdental space between the second and third mandibular incisors in the right and left mandibles, respectively. On radiographic or computed tomographic images, osteolytic changes appeared within the mandibular bones adjacent to the masses. The masses were removed along with affected mandibular bone by using unilateral rostral mandibulectomy. After surgery, both cases exhibited a normal appetite and grew normally, with no cosmetic changes or recurrences. Unilateral rostral mandibulectomy can be applied for invasive gingival vascular hamartomas associated with osteolytic changes.
( Michihiro Yoshida ),( Itaru Naitoh ),( Kazuki Hayashi ),( Naruomi Jinno ),( Yasuki Hori ),( Makoto Natsume ),( Akihisa Kato ),( Kenta Kachi ),( Go Asano ),( Naoki Atsuta ),( Hidenori Sahashi ),( Hir 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.3
Background/Aims: Although endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGBD) has been reported as an alternative procedure for acute cholecystitis, it requires advanced endoscopic techniques. In terms of the certainty of achieving drainage, it remains a challenging procedure. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the practical efficacy of cholangioscopic assistance and to develop a new classification that could be used to evaluate the technical difficulty of ETGBD and provide a theoretical strategy to apply cholangioscopy appropriately for difficult ETGBD. Methods: A total of 101 patients undergoing ETGBD were retrospectively studied. The characteristics and technical outcomes of ETGBD with conventional ETGBD (C-ETGBD) and Spy- Glass DS-assisted ETGBD (SG-ETGBD) were evaluated. The characteristics and technique-dependent factors of unsuccessful C-ETGBD/SG-ETGBD were evaluated using the classification based on the steps of the procedure. The predictive factors of successful C-ETGBD/SG-ETGBD were examined. Results: C-ETGBD was successful in 73 patients (72.3%). SG-ETGBD was successful in 11 of 13 patients (84.6%) who had C-ETGBD failure. Optional SG-ETGBD significantly increased the final success rate (94.1%) compared to C-ETGBD alone (p=0.003). ETGBD procedures could be classified into four steps. SG-assistance worked as an excellent troubleshooter in step 1 (failure to identify the cystic duct orifice) and step 2 (failure of guidewire advancement across the downturned angle of cystic duct takeoff). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography could provide predictive information based on the classification. Conclusions: Optional SG-ETGBD achieved a significantly higher success rate than C-ETGBD alone. Step classification is helpful for determining the technical difficulty of ETGBD and developing a theoretical strategy to apply cholangioscopy in a coordinated manner. (Gut Liver 2021;15:476-485)