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Measurement of High Energy Neutron Induced Cross Sections for Chromium
S. Sekimoto,T. Utsunomiya,H. Yashima,H. Joto,S. Shibata,K. Ninomiya,D. Satoh,Y. Iwamoto,T. Omoto,R. Nakagaki,N. Takahashi,A. Shinohara,T. Shima,M. Hagiwara,H. Matsumura,K. Nishiizumi,Y. Matsushi,H. Ma 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Reaction cross sections for Cr induced by neutrons at 287 MeV were measured by using ^7Li(p,n) reaction at N0 beam line in the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University. To estimate quasi-monoenergetic neutron-induced cross sections, the Cr sample was irradiated on the two angles of 0° and 30° for the axis of the primary proton beam. Proton-induced reaction cross sections for Cr at 300 MeV were also measured. The measured cross section data in the ^(nat)Cr(n,x) and ^(nat)Cr(p,x) reactions are compared with the literature values and the JENDL high-energy file. Furthermore, those in the ^(nat)Cr(n,x) reactions are also compared with those in the ^(nat)Cr(p,x) reaction.
Contribution of a Non-classical HLA Gene, HLA-DOA, to the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Okada, Y.,Suzuki, A.,Ikari, K.,Terao, C.,Kochi, Y.,Ohmura, K.,Higasa, K.,Akiyama, M.,Ashikawa, K.,Kanai, M.,Hirata, J.,Suita, N.,Teo, Y.Y.,Xu, H.,Bae, S.C.,Takahashi, A.,Momozawa, Y.,Matsuda, K.,Momoh University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2016 American journal of human genetics Vol.99 No.2
<P>Despite the progress in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) causal variant mapping, independent localization of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) risk from classical HLA genes is challenging. Here, we conducted a large-scale MHC fine-mapping analysis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a Japanese population (6,244 RA cases and 23,731 controls) population by using HLA imputation, followed by a multi-ethnic validation study including east Asian and European populations (n=7,097 and 23,149, respectively). Our study identified an independent risk of a synonymous mutation at HLA-DOA, a non-classical HLA gene, on anti-citrullinated protein autoantibody (ACPA)-positive RA risk (p=1.4 x 10(-) 9), which demonstrated a cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) effect on HLA-DOA expression. Trans-ethnic comparison revealed different linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in HLA-DOA and HLA-DRB1, explaining the observed HLA-DOA variant risk heterogeneity among ethnicities, which was most evident in the Japanese population. Although previous HLA fine-mapping studies have identified amino acid polymorphisms of the classical HLA genes as driving genetic susceptibility to disease, our study additionally identifies the dosage contribution of a non-classical HLA gene to disease etiology. Our study contributes to the understanding of HLA immunology in human diseases and suggests the value of incorporating additional ancestry in MHC fine-mapping.</P>
Takahashi, N.,Kajihara, T.,Okamura, C.,Kim, Y.,Katagiri, Y.,Okushima, Y.,Matsunaga, S.,Hwang, I.,Umeda, M. Current Biology Ltd ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Current biology Vol.23 No.18
Plant roots respond to various internal and external signals and adjust themselves to changes of environmental conditions. In the root meristem, stem cells produce daughter cells that continue to divide several times. When these latter cells reach the transition zone, they stop dividing and enter the endocycle, a modified cell cycle in which DNA replication is repeated without mitosis or cytokinesis. The resultant DNA polyploidization, named endoreduplication, is usually associated with an increase of nuclear and cell volume and with cell differentiation [1-4]. At the transition zone, cytokinin signaling activates two transcription factors, type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1) and ARR12, and induces SHY2/IAA3, a member of the Aux/IAA family of auxin signaling repressors. This inhibits auxin signaling and reduces the expression of auxin efflux carriers, resulting in cell division arrest [5]. Such counteracting actions of two hormones are assumed to determine meristem size. However, it remains unknown whether cytokinins additionally control meristem size through an auxin-independent pathway. Here we show that, in Arabidopsis, the cytokinin-activated ARR2 directly upregulates the expression of CCS52A1, which encodes an activator of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) [6], thereby promoting the onset of the endocycle and restricting meristem size. Our genetic data revealed that CCS52A1 function is independent of SHY2-mediated control of auxin signaling, indicating that downregulation of auxin signaling and APC/C-mediated degradation of cell-cycle regulators cooperatively promote endocycle onset, and thus fine tune root growth.
Shestakov, Nikolay V.,Takahashi, Hiroaki,Ohzono, Mako,Prytkov, Alexander S.,Bykov, Victor G.,Gerasimenko, Mikhail D.,Luneva, Margarita N.,Gerasimov, Grigory N.,Kolomiets, Andrey G.,Bormotov, Vladimir Elsevier 2012 Tectonophysics Vol.524 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Small coseismic offsets detectable using GPS techniques were found more than 2300km away from the Great Tohoku 2011 earthquake epicenter. Area of the most intense far-field co- and postseismic deformations with the maximum offset values exceeding 40 and 18mm, respectively, extends westward from Honshu Island to the Korean Peninsula, northeastern China and southern Far East Russia. Sakhalin Island does not exhibit notable displacements caused by the earthquake, in contrast to the adjacent territories. A rectangular fault model with uniform slip was developed based on the GPS-detected far-field coseismic displacements using the spherically layered Earth assumption. Both far- and near-field coseismic deformations are generally well described by a single-segment rupture of 200×96km<SUP>2</SUP>, characterized by thrust slip with minor strike-slip component of about 33m and by the seismic moment value of 1.9·10<SUP>22</SUP>N·m (Mw=8.8), which roughly constrains the major slip area. The resultant compact fault geometry revealed that the main portion of the seismic moment had been realized in a relatively small-sized rupture segment. The sensitivity of far-field GPS data to the major slip area might also be used in the development of a seismically generated giant tsunami warning system.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Coseismic jumps exceeding 40mm have been detected in the far-field zone. ► Postseismic displacements greater than 18mm have also been recorded. ► In general, a simple fault model adequately explains the observed coseismic offsets. ► The main part of the seismic moment was realized by a small rupture segment. ► The far-field GPS data can be used in the development of a giant tsunami warning system.</P>
EFFECT OF MILK YIELD ON GROWTH OF MULTIPLE CALVES IN JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE (WAGYU)
Shimada, K.,Izaike, Y.,Suzuki, O.,Kosugiyama, M.,Takenouchi, N.,Ohshima, K.,Takahashi, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.4
An experiment was conducted to examine the feasibility of producing multiple calves using embryo transfer in Japanese Black cattle. Milk yield of cows and forage intake of calves were measured for 11 cows with single calves, 14 cows with twins and one cow with triplets. The means of 26 weeks cumulative milk yield were 854, 1028 and 1271 kg for cows having singles, twins and triplets, respectively. Male birth weights for single calves, twins and triplet were 34.9, 26.6 and 19.9 kg, and female ones were 31.7, 24.1 and 22.1 kg, respectively. Weight and daily gain of calves were affected by weeks (W), sex (S), the number of calves (N), parity, birth season, $W{\times}N$, $S{\times}N$ and regression on milk yield. Growth rate was higher for single calves than for twins until about 9 weeks of age, then weights increased at a similar rate. Male calf weaning weights for singles, twins and triplets were 207.0, 177.1 and 162.2 kg, and those for females were 185.4, 151.6 and 180.4 kg, respectively. Average regression coefficients of calf growth on milk yield were significant, and single calf was affected more than twin calves by increment of milk yield. As the number of calves per cow increased, hay intake of calves decreased and concentrate intake tended to increase between 6 and 13 weeks of age.