Salinomycin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species in human glioma U87MG cells

Yu, S.-N.,Kim, S.-H.,Kim, K.-Y.,Ji, J.-H.,Seo, Y.-K.,Yu, H. S.,Ahn, S.-C. Spandidos Publications 2017 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.37 No.6

<P>Salinomycin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic that has recently been shown to induce cell apoptosis in human cancer cells displaying multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. In the present study, we explored the impact of salinomycin on the apoptosis and autophagy as well as the correlation between those effects and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress molecular mechanisms in human glioma U87MG cells. Apoptosis, autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed using flow cytometry. In addition, expression levels of apoptosis-, autophagy- and ER stress-related proteins were determined by western blotting. The results showed that salinomycin induced apoptosis, ER stress and autophagy in glioma cancer cell lines. In addition, salinomycin also induced ROS generation, and the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine was found to inhibit the salinomycin-induced apoptosis, ER stress and autophagy. The inhibition of ER stress with 4-phenylbutyric acid depressed salinomycin-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Salinomycin increased the expression of autophagy marker protein, LC3B, and accumulation of acidic vesicular organelles. Furthermore, pre-treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine showed potential in increasing the apoptosis rate induced by salinomycin in the U87MG cells. Taken together, these results revealed that salinomycin induced apoptosis and autophagy via ER stress mediated by ROS, suggesting that ER stress by salinomycin plays a dual function in both promoting and suppressing cell death.</P>

An animal model of obstructive sleep apnea in rabbit

Yu, M. S.,Jung, N. R.,Choi, K. H.,Choi, K.,Lee, B. J.,Chung, Y. S. LARYNGOSCOPE 2014 The Laryngoscope Vol.124 No.3

Objectives/HypothesisAn animal model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may help to investigate the pathophysiology of this disorder and develop appropriate treatments. We investigated the feasibility of a rabbit model of OSA.Study DesignAnimal study.MethodsTwelve New Zealand white rabbits were injected at the base of their tongues under endoscopic guidance with liquid silicone (experimental group, n=6) or normal saline (control group, n=6). Polysomnography was performed before and after injection. The development of OSA and changes in sleep parameters were compared between the two groups.ResultsBefore injection, all rabbits showed normal breathing during sleep without hypopnea. In the silicone group, the rabbits had a mean of 29.96.9 hypopneas/hour and a mean of 10.43.1 apneas/hour 1 month after silicone injection and 28.4 +/- 6.9 hypopneas/hour and 10.0 +/- 3.3 apneas/hour 3 months after silicone injection (P<0.05). Mean total sleep time decreased from 260.3 +/- 70.2 minutes at baseline to 152.5 +/- 38.8 minutes 1 month and 206.8 +/- 60.3 minutes 3 months after injection, with a decrease in stage II sleep. In the saline group, however, there were no breathing events during sleep.ConclusionsThese results show that silicone injections into the tongue base of rabbits can result in OSA.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 124:789-796, 2014

Embryo Survival on Day 25 of Generation in the Gilt is Not Affected by Exogenous Progesterone but is Correlated with Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA in the Uterus

Yu, Z.,Gordon, J.R.,Kirkwood, R.N.,Thacker, P.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.6

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of administration of exogenous progesterone early in gestation on uterine levels of IGF-I mRNA and on embryo survival at day 25 of gestation in the pig. Forty-one prepubertal gilts were induced into oestrus with PG600 and artificially inseminated at their subsequent naturally occurring oestrus. Gilts were then randomly assigned to one of three groups. Gilts in the two treatment groups were injected intramuscularly with 50 mg of progesterone either from day 2 to 14 (N=14) or from day 4 to 14 (N=15) after breeding while those in the control group (N=12) were given corn oil (0.5 ml) from day 2 to 14. Between days 25 and 28 of gestation, gilts were slaughtered and reproductive tracts were recovered. Endometrial tissue (1 g) was collected and analysed for IGF-I mRNA levels using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Progesterone treatment, starting either on day 2 or 4 after breeding, neither significantly increased embryo survival rate by day 25 of gestation nor altered IGF-I mRNA levels in uterine tissue. However, across all samples, the IGF-I mRNA level in the uterus was highly correlated with embryo survival rate (r=0.8193, p<0.01), supporting the involvement of IGF-I in the regulation of porcine embryo development.

Transplantation of Neural-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury in Dogs

E. Y. Kim,J. H. Lee,K. J. Kim,K. S. Park,Y. B. Park,Y. N. Ha,M. Kim,K. W. Han,X. X Li,J. Yu,D. S. Lee,J. Y. Park,M. K. Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

Cell transplantation therapy using adult stem cells has recently been identified as a potential treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI). But, recovery after traumatic SCI is very limited. As dogs are physiologically much more similar to human compared with other traditional mammalian models in disease presentation and clinical responses, a number of researches demonstrated canis familiaris is a suitable model for human diseases. This study investigated the effect of transplantation of canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells (cMSC) and neural-induced cMSC (nMSC) to understand how these cells improve neurological function in canine SCI model. The differentiation of cMSC into neural precursor cells was induced in dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium supplemented with N2-supplement, dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and butylated hydroxyanisole. SCI was induced between T1 and T2 by surgical hemi-section in adult dogs, and then assigned to two groups according to the applied cell types (cMSC vs nMSC). Pelleted cMSC or nMSC were transplanted directly into the injured site after SCI, respectively. Analysis of motor function after transplantation was evaluated by modified Olby score. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histological and immunohistichemical analysis were also performed. Functional recovery in group of cMSC was increasing gradually after transplantation and was higher than nMSC. In MRI, we could not confirm any difference between the cMSC and nMSC experimental groups. Immunohistochemically, beta3-tubuline and nestin were observed in injury site of two experimental groups with the expression level close to non-injured groups. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells could promote neuronal reconstruction and repair motor function in SCI. These showed mesenchymal stem cells could be a great candidate as a therapeutic tools in degeneration disease, and dogs could be used to explore human regenerative medicine as a promising animal model. This research was supported by iPET (Grants 110056032CG000), Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea.

Cholesterol 投與가 白鼠血淸 및 肝組織內 各種 酵素活性에 미치는 影響

庾定鎬,成樂應 中央醫學社 1969 中央醫學 Vol.16 No.1

The changes in total cholesterol level, beta-glucuronidase and transaminase activities, vitamin B6 level and alkaline phosphatase activity were each traced in the serum and liver tissue of the rats prior to and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the administration of standard diet. containing 1, cholesterol to the animal. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The total cholesterol level in the serum rose from 67±7mg% of control to 215± 17mg% at the 8th week on cholesterol feeding:in the liver the rise was from 2. 56 ±0. 1mg. /g w. w. to 11.05±1. 05mg. /g w. w. 2. The cholesterol biosynthetic activity of the liver as measured by acetate-l-C-14 incorporation was considerably depressed by exogenous cholesterol i.e., from .1985 cpm/g. of control to 115 cpm/g. at the 8th week. 3. Both in liver and serum the beta-glucuronidase activity increased until the 4th week, then decreased rapidly at the 8th week on cholesterol-diet. 4. In the liver both GOT and GPT activities were stationary, whereas in the serum a gradual elevation of the enzyme activities were noted. On the other hand the serum and liver contents of vitamin B6 which has to do with the transaminase activities, were lowered. 5. The alkaline phosphatase activity of the serum and liver was gradually increasing on the administration of cholesterol diet.

Relationship between the tertiary structures of mastoparan B and its analogs and their lytic activities studied by NMR spectroscopy

Yu, K.,Kang, S.,Park, N.,Shin, J.,Kim, Yangmee 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2000 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.16 No.-

Mastoparan B (MP-B), an antimicrobial cationic tetradecapeptide amide isolated from the venom of the hornet Vespa basalis, is an amphiphilic x-helical peptide. MP-B possesses a mariety of biological activities, such as mast cells degradation histamine release, erythrocyte lysis and inhibition of the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In order to study the relationship between the structure and the biological activity of MP-B, we used four analogs by replacing amino acids with alanine. Tertiary structures of MP-B and its analogs in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE)-containing aqueous solution have been determined by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. The results indicate that [Ala^4]MP-B and [Ala^12]MP-B with higher hydrophobicity adopt a higher content of amphiphilic helical structures, and have better antimicrobial and hemolytic activities than MP-B. However, [Ala^3]MP-B and [Ala^9]MP-B and hydrophobicity have disordered structures. [Ala^3]MP-B and [Ala^9]MP-B have low antimicrobial activity and much less hemolytic activity relative to MP-B. It is likely that tryptophan residue in MP-B and appropriate hydrophobicity of MP-B to induce x-helical structure is essential for the antibacterial and hemolytic activity of MP-B. This study can aid understanding of the structure-activity relationship of MP-B and to design peptides to possess lytic activity.

Y-Ba-Cu-O계 초전도체 성장 및 표면부식

임남희,유성태,장미혜,박성진,한병성 전북대학교 전자산업개발연구소 1990 전자산업연구 Vol.1 No.-

The relations of the sintering temperature and superconductivity were investigated by the XRD pattern and critical temperature. All of the samples were annealed at the various temperatures that from 900℃ to 960℃. When the superconductor of YBa_2Cu_3O_7-8 was exposed in the air and was directly contacted with water. The samples of the surface attack by moisture and water was studied. The samples were analyed XRD, TGA. The samples of YBa_2Cu_3O7-8 which were exposed to the air for a long time have slowly decomp-sed, but the samples of YBa_2Cu_3O7-8 which were directly contacted with the D.I. water have rapidly decomposed on surface. The YBa_2Cu_3O_7-8 superconductor is chemically instable; by the reaction with humidity. The YBa_2Cu_3O_7-8 is transformed into non-superconduction phase(Y_2BaCuO_5, Ba(OH)_2, CuO) and loses is superconducting properties.

冬眠과 Mg代謝에 關한 硏究

庾定鎬,崔澤圭,成樂應 中央醫學社 1968 中央醫學 Vol.14 No.5

The seasonal variation of serum Mg level and muscle hexokinase activity were observed during the course of hibernation of Snake venom. 1) Serum Mg content was elevated during hibernation period. 2) Muscle hexokinase activity was decreased during hibernation.

설비형 태양열 주택 실증시험 및 시뮬레이션 연구

백남춘(N.C.Baeck),유지용(J.Y.Yu),윤응상(E.S.Yoon),이동원(D.W.Lee),주문창(M.C.J00) 한국태양에너지학회 2001 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.1

직파용 벼 펠렛종자 제조장치 개발

박종수,유수남,최영수,유대성 한국농업기계학회 2002 바이오시스템공학 Vol.27 No.5