Phytochemical and biological investigations of Polygonum lanatum

Sadia A Chowdhury,Mohammad H Sohrab,Mohammad R Haque,Choudhury M Hasan,Mohammad A Rashid 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

A total of five compounds namely, 2-methylanthracene-9, 10-dione (1), 1-hydroxy-6- methylanthracene-9,10-dione (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) and sitosterone (5) were isolated from the stem extracts of Polygonum lanatum for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds (1-5) were established by extensive spectroscopic studies, including 2D NMR such as 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC studies. The crude extracts and purified compound (1) were screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi by the disc diffusion method. The n-hexane and dichloromethane soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed mild to moderate inhibition of growth of the test organisms. The cytotoxic potential of the extractives and compound 1 was also determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the extractives demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities. A total of five compounds namely, 2-methylanthracene-9, 10-dione (1), 1-hydroxy-6- methylanthracene-9,10-dione (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) and sitosterone (5) were isolated from the stem extracts of Polygonum lanatum for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds (1-5) were established by extensive spectroscopic studies, including 2D NMR such as 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC studies. The crude extracts and purified compound (1) were screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi by the disc diffusion method. The n-hexane and dichloromethane soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed mild to moderate inhibition of growth of the test organisms. The cytotoxic potential of the extractives and compound 1 was also determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the extractives demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities.

Phytochemical and biological investigations of Polygonum lanatum

Chowdhury, Sadia A.,Sohrab, Mohammad H.,Haque, Mohammad R.,Hasan, Choudhury M.,Rashid, Mohammad A. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.1

A total of five compounds namely, 2-methylanthracene-9, 10-dione (1), 1-hydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione (2), $\beta$-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) and sitosterone (5) were isolated from the stem extracts of Polygonum lanatum for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds (1-5) were established by extensive spectroscopic studies, including 2D NMR such as $^{1}H-^{1}H$ COSY, HSQC and HMBC studies. The crude extracts and purified compound (1) were screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi by the disc diffusion method. The n-hexane and dichloromethane soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed mild to moderate inhibition of growth of the test organisms. The cytotoxic potential of the extractives and compound 1 was also determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the extractives demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities.

Solving a Class of Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems via He’s Variational Iteration Method

Mohammad Shirazian,Sohrab Effati 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.2

This paper presents an analytical approximate solution for a class of nonlinear quadratic optimal control problems. The proposed method consists of a Variational Iteration Method (VIM) together with a shooting method like procedure, for solving the extreme conditions obtained from the Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle (PMP). This method is applicable for a large class of nonlinear quad-ratic optimal control problems. In order to use the proposed method, a control design algorithm with low computational complexity is presented. Through the finite iterations of algorithm, a suboptimal control law is obtained for the nonlinear optimal control problem. Two illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of the proposed method.

Stability of Nonlinear Hybrid Dynamical Systems with Time Delay via Sum of Squares Decomposition

Mohammad Ali Badamchizadeh,Sohrab Khanmohammadi,Gasem Alizadeh,Ali Aghagolzadeh 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2009 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.7 No.3

Considering an infinite number of eigenvalues for time delay systems, it is difficult to determine their stability. We have developed a new approach for the stability test of time delay nonlinear hybrid systems. Construction of Lyapunov functions for hybrid systems is generally a difficult task, but once these functions are found, stability’s analysis of the system is straight-forward. In this paper both delay-independent and delay-dependent stability tests are proposed, based on the construction of ap-propriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals. The methodology is based on the sum of squares decom-position of multivariate polynomials and the algorithmic construction is achieved through the use of semidefinite programming. The reduction techniques provide numerical solution of large-scale in-stances; otherwise they will be computationally infeasible to solve. The introduced method can be used for hybrid systems with linear or nonlinear vector fields. Finally simulation results show the correct-ness and validity of the designed method.

Kinetic Study of the Electrooxidation of Mefenamic Acid and Indomethacin Catalysed on Cobalt Hydroxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Lotfali. Saghatforoush,Mohammad. Hasanzadeh,Ghasem. Karim-Nezhad,Nasrin. Shadjou,Sohrab. Ershad,Nasrin. Shadjou,Balal. Khalilzadeh,Maryam. Hajjizadeh 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.6

Electrocatalytic oxidation of two anti-inflammatory drugs (Mefenamic acid and Indomethacin) was investigated on a cobalt hydroxide modified glassy carbon (CHM-GC) electrode in alkaline solution. The process of oxidation and its kinetics were established by using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques as well as steady state polarization measurements. Voltammetric studies indicated that in the presence of under study drugs, the anodic peak current of low-valence cobalt species increased, followed by a decrease in the corresponding cathodic current. This result indicates that the drugs were oxidized via cobalt hydroxide species immobilized on the electrode surface via an EĆ mechanism. A mechanism based on the electrochemical generation of Co (IV) active sites and their subsequent consumption by the drugs in question was also investigated. The constants rate of the catalytic oxidation of the drugs and the electron-transfer coefficients reported.

Life table parameters of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on four commercial pistachio cultivars

Sara Razazzian,Mohammad Reza Hassani,Sohrab Imani,Mahmoud Shojai 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.1

Life table parameters of Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on four pistachiocultivars (Akbari, Ahmad-Aghaii, Fandoghi and Kalehghouchi) were studied in laboratory at 28 ± 0.5 °C,50 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L:D). The larvae successfully developed on all cultivars. The shortestand longest larval periods were recorded on Akbari and Kalehghouchi, respectively. The fecundity of femalesvaried from 109.19 to 157.81 eggs on Kalehghouchi and Akbari, respectively. The adult longevity varied from6.19 to 6.75 days on Fandoghi and Akbari, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) ranged from 0.0961to 0.1382 (female/female/day) on Kalehghouchi and Akbari, respectively. The mean generation time (T) wasfound 35.67 to 31.83 days on Kalehghouchi and Akbari, respectively. The Kalehghouchi cultivarwas less suitable,and the Akbari cultivar was the most suitable host for P. interpunctella in comparison with other cultivars. Theseresults provide important information on population growth potential of P. interpunctella on four commercialpistachio cultivars.

A Hierarchical Fuzzy System for Modeling Driver’s Behavior

Sehraneh Ghaemi,Sohrab Khanmohammadi,Mohammad Ali Tinati,Mohammad Ali Badamchizadeh 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.3

The study of human behavior during driving is of primary importance for improving the driver’s security. In this study, we propose a hierarchical driver_vehicle_environment fuzzy system to analyze driver’s behavior under stress conditions on a road. We include climate, road and car conditions in fuzzy modeling. For obtaining fuzzy rules, experts’ opinions are benefited by means of questionnaires on effects of parameters such as climate, road and car conditions on driving capabilities. The number of fuzzy rules is optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Also the frequency of pressing on brake and gas pedals and the number of car’s direction changes are used to determine the driver’s behavior under different conditions. Three different positions are considered for driving and decision making; one position in driving lane and two positions in opposite lane. A fuzzy model called Model 1 is presented for modeling the change of steering angle and speed control by considering time distances with existing cars in these three positions, the information about the speed and direction of car, and the steering angle of car. The behaviors of different drivers under two stress conditions are investigated. Also we obtained two other models based on fuzzy rules called Model 2 and Model 3 by using Sugeno fuzzy inference. Model 2 has two linguistic terms and Model 3 has four linguistic terms for estimating the time distances with other cars. The results of three models are compared. The com-parative studies have shown that simulation results are in good agreement with the real world situa-tions.

Evaluation of Pain and Its Effect on Quality of Life and Functioning in Men with Spinal Cord Injury

( Marzieh Hassanijirdehi ),( Mohammad Khak ),( Sohrab Afsharimirak ),( Kourosh Holakouienaieni ),( Soheil Saadat ),( Taher Taheri ),( Vafa Rahimimovaghar ) 대한통증학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.28 No.2

Background: Pain is one of the most important consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI). It may affect several aspects of life, especially the quality of life (QoL). Hence, this study was conducted to establish an understanding of pain and its correlates and effects on patients with SCI in our community. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 58 male veterans suffering from SCI were admitted to our center for a regular follow-up. Demographic and SCI-related descriptive information were gathered using a self-reported questionnaire. To evaluate the patients’ pain quality and the effect of pain on daily life, a questionnaire in 3 parts of lumbar, cervical and shoulder pain was administered. EuroQoL questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) 12 were also used to assess the patients’ QoL. Results: The mean age of the participants was 45.91 ± 6.69 with mean injury time of 25.54 ± 5.91. forty-four patients (75.9%) reported pain, including lumbar pain (63%), cervical pain (39%) and shoulder pain (51%). The presence of pain was associated with lower QoL. Patients with lumbar pain reported a significant amount of pain affecting their daily life and this effect was higher in patients with lower GHQ score or anxiety/depressive disorder. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal pain, is a common complaint in veterans with SCI and is inversely associated with functioning and general health status. Lumbar and shoulder pain affects patient’s daily living more than cervical pain. (Korean J Pain 2015; 28: 129-136)

Kinetic Study of the Electrooxidation of Mefenamic Acid and Indomethacin Catalysed on Cobalt Hydroxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Saghatforoush, Lotfali.,Hasanzadeh, Mohammad.,Karim-Nezhad, Ghasem.,Ershad, Sohrab.,Shadjou, Nasrin.,Khalilzadeh, Balal.,Hajjizadeh, Maryam. Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.6

Electrocatalytic oxidation of two anti-inflammatory drugs (Mefenamic acid and Indomethacin) was investigated on a cobalt hydroxide modified glassy carbon (CHM-GC) electrode in alkaline solution. The process of oxidation and its kinetics were established by using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques as well as steady state polarization measurements. Voltammetric studies indicated that in the presence of under study drugs, the anodic peak current of low-valence cobalt species increased, followed by a decrease in the corresponding cathodic current. This result indicates that the drugs were oxidized via cobalt hydroxide species immobilized on the electrode surface via an E$\acute{C}$ mechanism. A mechanism based on the electrochemical generation of Co (IV) active sites and their subsequent consumption by the drugs in question was also investigated. The constants rate of the catalytic oxidation of the drugs and the electron-transfer coefficients reported.

A novel modeling approach to optimize oxygen–steam ratios in coal gasification process

Arabloo, Milad,Bahadori, Alireza,Ghiasi, Mohammad M.,Lee, Moonyong,Abbas, Ali,Zendehboudi, Sohrab Elsevier 2015 Fuel Vol.153 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Coal gasification operation appears to be an essential element in the advanced energy systems, where the reaction between oxygen, steam and coal results in production of syngas (e.g., a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) under elevated pressure and temperature conditions. An efficient design for gasification process is expected if proper oxygen/steam rations are selected such that a thermal balance is established between the exothermic and endothermic reactions, leading to yield maximization of desired products in most cases. In this article, a rigorous modeling approach using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is developed to estimate optimum oxygen–steam ratios required to balance the released heat and heat requirement in coal gasification process. An acceptable match between modeling outputs and real data is noticed so that the average absolute error is lower than 1.0%.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Support Vector Machine Algorithm is used to estimate oxygen–steam ratios in coal gasification process. </LI> <LI> The coupled simulated annealing optimization tool obtains the optimal model parameters. </LI> <LI> The model has been developed and tested using 100 series of the data. </LI> <LI> Excellent agreement between the results of model and reported data is observed. </LI> </UL> </P>