Expected Years of Life Lost Due to Adult Cancer Mortality in Yazd (2004-2010)

Mirzaei, Mohsen,Mirzadeh, Mahboobahsadat,Mirzaei, Mojtaba Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

The number of deaths is often measured to monitor the population health status and priority of health problems. However, number of years of life lost (YLL) is a more appropriate indicator in some cases. We have calculated the YLL of adult cancers and its trend over the past few years in Yazd to provide planners with baseline data. Data obtained from death registration system were used to calculate the YLL, based on each individual's age at death, and the standardized expected YLL method was applied with a discount rate of 0.03, an age weight of 0.04, and a correction factor of 0.165. All data were analyzed and prepared in Epi6 and Excel 2007. A total of 3,850 death records were analyzed. Some 550 patients in Yazd province aged ${\geq}20$ die annually due to cancer (male: female ratio 1.3). The average ages at death in lung, CNS, breast cancer and leukemia cases were 68.5, 59, 58.7 and 61, respectively. The age group of 40-59 with 21 % had the highest cancer mortality percentage. Premature cancer deaths have caused 40,753 YLL (5,823 YLL annually). Females lose on average more life years to cancer than do men (11.6 vs 9.8 years). Lung cancer (12.1%), CNS tumors (11.7%) and leukemia (11.4 %) were the leading causes terms of YLL due to all cancers in both sexes. From 2004 to 2010, cancer-caused YLL as a fraction of all YLL increased from 12.8 to 15.2 %. This study can help in the assessment of health care needs and prioritization. Cancer is the major cause of deaths and the trend is increasing. The use of YLLs is a better index for measurement of premature mortality for ranking of diseases than is death counts. Longer periods of observation will make these trends more robust and will help to evaluate and develop, better public health interventions.

Epidemiology and Trends in Incidence of Kidney Cancer in Iran

Mirzaei, Maryam,Pournamdar, Zahra,Salehiniya, Hamid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Kidney cancer has shown an increasing trend in recent decades. This study aimed to determine change in the incidence rate between 2003 and 2009 in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this study, national cancer registry data were used. Crude incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 and age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) were computed using the direct standardization method and the world standard population. Significant trend of incidence rates was examined by the Cochran-Armitage test for linear trend. Results: A total of 6,944 cases of kidney cancer were reported. The incidence cases increased from 595 patients in 2003 to 1,387 patients in 2009. Sex ratio (male to female) was 1.67. ASR also increased from 1.18 in 2003 to 2.52 in 2009 per 100,000, but the increasing trend was not significant. Conclusions: A slow increasing trend of incidence rate was observed in the study population. This may be due to an increase of risk factors. It is suggested to perform a study on risk factors for the cancer.

Multidisciplinary optimization of collapsible cylindrical energy absorbers under axial impact load

Mirzaei, M.,Akbarshahi, H.,Shakeri, M.,Sadighi, M. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.44 No.3

In this article, the multi-objective optimization of cylindrical aluminum tubes under axial impact load is presented. The specific absorbed energy and the maximum crushing force are considered as objective functions. The geometric dimensions of tubes including diameter, length and thickness are chosen as design variables. D/t and L/D ratios are constricted in the range of which collapsing of tubes occurs in concertina or diamond mode. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II is applied to obtain the Pareto optimal solutions. A back-propagation neural network is constructed as the surrogate model to formulate the mapping between the design variables and the objective functions. The finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit is used to generate the training and test sets for the artificial neural networks. To validate the results of finite element model, several impact tests are carried out using drop hammer testing machine.

Fabrication and gas sensing properties of vertically aligned Si nanowires

Mirzaei, Ali,Kang, Sung Yong,Choi, Sun-Woo,Kwon, Yong Jung,Choi, Myung Sik,Bang, Jae Hoon,Kim, Sang Sub,Kim, Hyoun Woo Elsevier 2018 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.427 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a peculiar configuration for a gas sensor consisting of vertically aligned silicon nanowires (VA-Si NWs) synthesized by metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) is reported. Si NWs were prepared via a facile MACE method and subsequent thermal annealing. Etching was performed by generation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and subsequent etching in HF/H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> aqueous solution; the growth conditions were optimized by changing the process parameters. Highly vertically oriented arrays of Si NWs with a straight-line morphology were obtained, and a top–top electrode configuration was applied. The VA-Si NW gas sensor showed good sensing performance, and the VA-Si NWs exhibited a remarkable response (<I>R</I> <SUB>g</SUB>/<I>R</I> <SUB>a</SUB> =11.5∼17.1) to H<SUB>2</SUB> gas (10–50ppm) at 100°C which was the optimal working temperature. The formation mechanism and gas sensing mechanism of VA-Si NWs are described. The obtained results can suggest new approaches to making inexpensive, versatile, and portable sensors based on Si NWs having a novel top–top electrode structure that are fully compatible with well-developed Si technologies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Novel configuration for a gas sensor consisting of vertically aligned silicon nanowires synthesized by metal-assisted chemical etching. </LI> <LI> Highly vertically oriented arrays of Si NWs with a straight-line morphology were obtained. </LI> <LI> Vertically aligned silicon nanowires exhibited a remarkable response (<I>R</I> <SUB>g</SUB>/<I>R</I> <SUB>a</SUB> =11.5∼17.1) to H<SUB>2</SUB> gas (10–50ppm) at the optimum working temperature (100°C). </LI> </UL> </P>

How shell thickness can affect the gas sensing properties of nanostructured materials: Survey of literature

Mirzaei, Ali,Kim, Jae-Hun,Kim, Hyoun Woo,Kim, Sang Sub Elsevier Sequoia 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.258 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High-performance gas sensors are needed to improve safety in daily life. Even though the gas sensing performance of new nanostructured metal oxides has improved significantly, some aspects of these novel nanomaterials have not been fully explored. Core-shell (C-S) and hollow shell nanostructures are two types of advanced materials for gas sensing applications. Their popularity is mainly due to the synergetic effects of the core and shell in C-S nanostructures, the high surface areas of both C-S and hollow nanostructures, and the possibility of tuning the shell thickness within the range of the Debye length for such nanostructures. In addition to the type of sensing material, morphology, sensing temperature, and porosity, shell thickness is one of the most important design parameters. Unfortunately, less attention has been paid to the effect of shell thickness on the gas sensing properties. Herein, we demonstrate that the thickness has an undeniable role in the gas sensing response of the resulting material. In this review, we present the first overview of this aspect of sensing materials. By referring to related works, we show how shell thickness can affect the sensing properties of both C-S and hollow nanostructures. Researchers in this field will be able to fabricate more sensitive gas sensors for real applications by better understanding the effect of shell thickness on the gas sensing properties of C-S and hollow nanostructured materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Applications of core-shell nanostructures in gas sensors are discussed. </LI> <LI> Mechanisms of gas sensing in core-shell nanostructures are discussed. </LI> <LI> Effect of shell thickness is comprehensively discussed. </LI> </UL> </P>

A comparative study of the Gini coefficient estimators based on the regression approach

Mirzaei, Shahryar,Borzadaran, Gholam Reza Mohtashami,Amini, Mohammad,Jabbari, Hadi The Korean Statistical Society 2017 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.24 No.4

Resampling approaches were the first techniques employed to compute a variance for the Gini coefficient; however, many authors have shown that an analysis of the Gini coefficient and its corresponding variance can be obtained from a regression model. Despite the simplicity of the regression approach method to compute a standard error for the Gini coefficient, the use of the proposed regression model has been challenging in economics. Therefore in this paper, we focus on a comparative study among the regression approach and resampling techniques. The regression method is shown to overestimate the standard error of the Gini index. The simulations show that the Gini estimator based on the modified regression model is also consistent and asymptotically normal with less divergence from normal distribution than other resampling techniques.

Optimal design of homogeneous earth dams by particle swarm optimization incorporating support vector machine approach

Mirzaei, Zeinab,Akbarpour, Abolfazl,Khatibinia, Mohsen,Siuki, Abbas Khashei Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.6

The main aim of this study is to introduce optimal design of homogeneous earth dams with oblique and horizontal drains based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) incorporating weighted least squares support vector machine (WLS-SVM). To achieve this purpose, the upstream and downstream slopes of earth dam, the length of oblique and horizontal drains and angle among the drains are considered as the design variables in the optimization problem of homogeneous earth dams. Furthermore, the seepage through dam body and the weight of dam as objective functions are minimized in the optimization process simultaneously. In the optimization procedure, the stability coefficient of the upstream and downstream slopes and the seepage through dam body as the hydraulic responses of homogeneous earth dam are required. Hence, the hydraulic responses are predicted using WLS-SVM approach. The optimal results of illustrative examples demonstrate the efficiency and computational advantages of PSO with WLS-SVM in the optimal design of homogeneous earth dams with drains.

CHARACTERIZATION OF PRIME SUBMODULES OF A FREE MODULE OF FINITE RANK OVER A VALUATION DOMAIN

Mirzaei, Fatemeh,Nekooei, Reza Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Let $F=R^{(n)}$ be a free R-module of finite rank $n{\geq}2$. In this paper, we characterize the prime submodules of F with at most n generators when R is a $Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domain. We also introduce the notion of prime matrix and we show that when R is a valuation domain, every finitely generated prime submodule of F with at least n generators is the row space of a prime matrix.

Hydrogen sensing properties and mechanism of NiO-Nb₂O₅ composite nanoparticle-based electrical gas sensors

Mirzaei, Ali,Sun, Gun-Joo,Lee, Jae Kyung,Lee, Chongmu,Choi, Seungbok,Kim, Hyoun Woo Elsevier 2017 Ceramics international Vol.43 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A simple hydrothermal method was used to prepare NiO-Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> composite nanoparticle electrical sensors for the detection of hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) at room temperature. To investigate the morphology and crystal structure of the synthesized powders, the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The NiO-Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> composite nanoparticle sensor showed stronger and faster response to H<SUB>2</SUB> than the pristine Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> one at room temperature. Only weak responses were observed to carbon monoxide, methane and ethanol, indicating that the NiO-Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> composite nanoparticle sensor could be a potential candidate as a practical gas detector. In this study, the H<SUB>2</SUB> sensing properties and mechanism of NiO-Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> composite nanoparticle-based electrical gas sensors are discussed in detail.</P>

Conducting Polymer Nanofibers based Sensors for Organic and Inorganic Gaseous Compounds

Mirzaei Ali,Kumar Vanish,Bonyani Maryam,Majhi Sanjit Manohar,Bang Jae Hoon,Kim Jin-Young,김현우,김상섭,김기현 한국대기환경학회 2020 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.14 No.2

Resistive-based gas sensors built through the combination of semiconducting metal oxides and conducting polymers (CPs) are widely used for the detection of diverse gaseous components. In light of the great potential of each of these components, electrospun CPs produced by a facile electrospinning method can offer unique opportunities for the fabrication of sensitive gas sensors for diverse gaseous compounds due to their large surface area and favorable nanomorphologies. This review focuses on the progress achieved in gas sensing technology based on electrospun CPs. We offer numerous examples of CPs as gas sensors and discuss the parameters affecting their sensitivity, selectivity, and sensing mechanism. This review paper is expected to offer useful insights into potential applications of CPs as gas sensing systems.