http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Minoru Kobayashi,Toshitaka Uematsu,Gaku Nakamura,Hidetoshi Kokubun,Tomoya Mizuno,Hironori Betsunoh,Takao Kamai 대한감염학회 2018 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.50 No.3
Background Diabetes is considered a risk factor for acquisition of febrile urinary tract infection (f-UTI), but information on the association of diabetes with subsequent course of the disease is lacking. Thus, we investigated the clinical variables including diabetic status which determined the clinical course in patients with community-acquired f-UTI. Materials and Methods Patients hospitalized consecutively for f-UTI between February 2016 and January 2018 were used for this single center study. The routine laboratory tests including blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were done and empiric treatment with parenteral antibiotics was commenced on admission. The clinical course such as duration of fever (DOF) and length of hospital stay (LOS) were compared among groups classified by the clinical variables. Results Among the101 patients admitted for f-UTI, 15 patients with diabetes (14.9%) experienced significantly longer febrile period and hospitalization compared to those with hyperglycemia (n = 18, 17.8%) or those without diabetes and hyperglycemia (n = 68, 67.3%). Of the laboratory parameters tested on admission and several clinical factors, the presence of diabetes and risk factors for severe complicated infection (hydronephrosis, urosepsis, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy) as well as HbA1c and albumin were identified as predictors for LOS by univariate analysis, whereas none of the variables failed to predict DOF. In the subsequent multivariate analysis, HbA1c levels and albumin levels were isolated as independent predictors of LOS. Conclusion Patients with higher HbA1c and lower albumin levels required the longest period of hospitalization. Thus, an evaluation of diabetic and nutritional status on admission will be feasible to foretell the clinical course and better manage the subset of patients at risk of prolonged hospitalization.
Comparison of Structural Types of L-Alanine Pentamer by Quantum Chemical Calculation
Kobayashi Minoru,심재호 한국공업화학회 2022 공업화학 Vol.33 No.4
L-alanine (LA, as an amino acid residue) pentamer model was used to investigate changes in the dihedral angle, intramolecular hydrogen bonding and formation energies during structural optimization. LA pentamers having four conformation types [β: φ/ψ=t−/t+, α: φ/ψ=g−/g−, PPII: φ/ψ=g−/t+ and P-like: φ/ψ= g−/g+] were carried out by quantum chemical calculations (QCC) [B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)]. In LA, β, α, and P-like types did not change by optimization, having an intra-molecular hydrogen bond: NH···OC (H-bond), and PPII types in the absence of H-bond were transformed into P-like at the designated ψ of 140°, and to β at that of 160° or 175°. P-like and α were about 0.5 kcal/mol/mu more stable than β. In order to understand the processes of the transformations, the changes of φ/ψ, distances of NH-OC (dNH/CO) and formation energies (ΔE, kcal/mol/mu) were examined.
Minoru Kobayashi,Akinori Nukui,Takao Kamai 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2017 International Neurourology Journal Vol.21 No.3
Purpose: To investigate whether seasonal changes occurred in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: Patients aged 50 years and older with BPH treated with α1-blockers were enrolled. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) score, maximum and average flow rate, voided volume, and postvoid residual volume were measured in summer and winter. Results: A total of 164 patients were enrolled. The total IPSS and QoL index did not show a significant difference between the 2 seasons. When the IPSS was divided into storage symptoms and voiding symptoms, storage symptoms in winter were substantially but nonsignificantly higher than those in summer (P=0.056). Of the 7 individual symptoms in the IPSS, a significant seasonal difference was observed only for nocturia, with a higher score in winter. Moreover, none of the uroflowmetric parameters showed a seasonal change. Voided volume had significant correlations with each symptom (urgency and nocturia) and overall subjective scores (storage, total IPSS, and QoL) exclusively in summer, while this correlation remained only for nocturia in winter. Conclusions: As it has generally been assumed that LUTS deteriorate in winter, the present study corroborated that the severity of storage symptoms was higher in winter than in summer, even in patients treated with α1-blockers. In contrast, a seasonal difference was not observed in the uroflowmetric parameters, which may be partly due to the loss of the correlation between subjective and objective measurements of storage symptoms in winter.
Catalytic Control Requirement for the Closed-Cycle High-Repetition-Rate Operation of a TEA CO₂Laser
Minoru Obara,Hirokazu hokazono,Naoki Kobayashi 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 1991 레이저공학 Vol.2 No.-
Using the newly developed 1 kHz, closed-cycle transversely excited atmospheric (TEA) CO₂ laser with the efficient CO₂ regenerator including the Pt/Al₂O₃ solid catalyst, we experimentally determined the minimum operational performance of CO₂ regenerator, which is required for the stable and long-life operation of the closed-cycle TEA CO₂ laser. The operational performance of the CO₂ regenerator was evaluated by the fractional conversion (η) from CO to CO₂, which is defined as the ratio of the differential CO₂ concentration increased by the CO₂ regenerator to the total CO concentration introduced into the CO₂ regenerator. The minimum fractional conversion (Πmin) of 0.07 was at least required to keep the laser output power at 95% of the initial laser output for the laser gas mixture of CO₂/N₂/He=15/15/70(%) and at input energy density and a clearing ratio of 150 J/l and 6.0, respectively. When operating the CO?? regenerator at Πof 0.10, no appreciable reduction of the initial laser output of 570W due to CO₂ decomposition was observed up to 1.8 ×10?? shots (5 hours). At this time, the gas analysis showed that the CO and O₂ concentration in the laser gas mixture was maintained about at 0.17% and 0.055%, respectively.
Yoshimitsu Kobayashi,Yoko Terai,Minoru Sasaki 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
This paper describes the three-dimensional motion control of a magnetic levitated object in an active electromagnetic levitation conveyance system. Generally, the magnetic levitation conveyance system is useful when we convey products without qualitative degradation due to contact. However it is necessary to control the three-dimensional motion of the levitated object and it is difficult to measure the position. Therefore we propose how to estimate three-dimensional position without a position sensor. Four Hall elements are installed on the bottom of the electromagnet instead of the position sensor. A state observer estimates the three-dimensional position of the levitated object from the four Hall voltages and the current and the input voltage to the electromagnet. The three-dimensional motion controller uses a state-feedback control based on the estimated position. This controller has a large stability margin in order to compensate the modelization error. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by experiment results.
Tumor microenvironment and radioresistance
Suwa Tatsuya,Kobayashi Minoru,Nam Jin-Min,Harada Hiroshi 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-
Metastasis is not the result of a random event, as cancer cells can sustain and proliferate actively only in a suitable tissue microenvironment and then form metastases. Since Dr. Stephen Paget in the United Kingdom proposed the seed and soil hypothesis of cancer metastasis based on the analogy that plant seeds germinate and grow only in appropriate soil, considerable attention has focused on both extracellular environmental factors that affect the growth of cancer cells and the tissue structure that influences the microenvironment. Malignant tumor tissues consist of not only cancer cells but also a wide variety of other cells responsible for the inflammatory response, formation of blood vessels, immune response, and support of the tumor tissue architecture, forming a complex cellular society. It is also known that the amounts of oxygen and nutrients supplied to each cell differ depending on the distance from tumor blood vessels in tumor tissue. Here, we provide an overview of the tumor microenvironment and characteristics of tumor tissues, both of which affect the malignant phenotypes and radioresistance of cancer cells, focusing on the following keywords: diversity of oxygen and nutrient microenvironment in tumor tissue, inflammation, immunity, and tumor vasculature.
Kim, JaeHwang,Hayashi, Minoru,Kobayashi, Equo,Sato, Tatsuo American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.2
<P>The age-hardening is enhanced with the high cooling rate since more vacancies are formed during quenching, whereas the stable beta phase is formed with the slow cooling rate just after solid solution treatment resulting in lower increase of hardness during aging. Meanwhile, the nanoclusters are formed during natural aging in Al-Mg-Si alloys. The formation of nanoclusters is enhanced with increasing the Si amount. High quench sensitivity based on mechanical property changes was confirmed with increasing the Si amount. Moreover, the nano-size beta '' phase, main hardening phase, is more formed by the Si addition resulting in enhancement of the age-hardening. The quench sensitivity and the formation behavior of precipitates are discussed based on the age-hardening phenomena.</P>