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Martina DEUCHLER 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2020 THE REVIEW OF KOREAN STUDIES Vol.23 No.1
This paper narrates the origin of the “Transmission of the Way” (dotong) in Korea and the emergence of scholarly lineages. It connects this with the particular socio-political constellation of Joseon society according to which social standing determined participation in the political world. For this reason, Korean dohak was always more political than in China. Following the death of Toegye Yi Hwang and Yulgok Yi I, the Way bifurcated, and its application to the intellectual discourse and political reality depended much on those in power. This was equally true for the selection of scholarly candidates for the honor of enshrinement in the Shrine of Confucius (Munmyo). What emerged as “orthodoxy” aroused dissent that was suppressed by the state. Toward the end of the dynasty, the scholarly atmosphere became more fluid, and personal interpretations of the Classics began to emerge.
Martina Gottwald-Belinic,Robert J. Sonora 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2024 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.48 No.2
Since the establishment of formal economic cooperation between China and 16 Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies in 2012, the role of Chinese investment in the region has become increasingly scrutinized. The initial enthusiastic vision about the economic impact of Chinese direct investment and infrastructure project participation in the CEE has deteriorated since 2019, reaching its nadir in 2021 when Lithuania quit the formation. Recently, two other Baltic countries, Estonia and Latvia, stepped out from the format. This article investigates the economic impact of Chinese investments in CEE economies before the pandemic crisis. The model we use captures long-term incentives China might foresee in the region, promoting investment as a form of gateway access to the greater European Union (EU) economies. We measure investment over Chinese outbound foreign direct investment (FDI) and project investments in infrastructure, often labeled as the “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI). Using a gravity model, we estimate the export elasticity of Chinese FDI and BRI investments between 17 CEE countries and the Western EU countries. As expected, FDI estimates have an ex ante positive impact on export. Our results demonstrate that Chinese FDI in CEE economies has a larger impact on CEE exports to Eastern EU economies than to Western EU countries. This suggests export markets to Western EU economies are relatively mature compared to Eastern EU economies.
Martina Ceccarini,Gian Mauro Manzoni,Gianluca Castelnuovo,Enrico Molinari 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11
Addiction is a compulsive need for and use of a specific substance leading to a habit, tolerance, and psychophysiological symptoms. Excessive food consumption is similar to that of substance addiction. Some individuals who have trouble losing weight display addictive eating symptoms. To investigate food addiction in a sample of obese adults referred to hospital for a 1-month-weight-loss treatment. The Italian version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS-16) was used as a screening tool in 88 obese inpatients. The construct validity of the YFAS-16 was assessed by testing its correlations with measures of binge eating (Binge Eating Scale), impulsiveness (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), and emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale). 34.1% of our sample was diagnosed with YFAS food addiction. Such diagnosis was also supported by strong associations between FA and psychological and behavioral features, typically descriptive of classic addiction. Patients who endorsed the YFAS-16 criteria for food addiction (FA) had significantly higher binge eating levels, greater emotional dysregulation, and nonacceptance of negative feelings; they lacked goal-oriented behavior, had little impulse control, had difficulty in emotion recognition, and attentional impulsivity; and they were unable to concentrate and lacked inhibitory control behavior, unlike participants who did not meet the FA criteria. Further research is needed to support the reliability of the YFAS-16. This measure has the potential to be applied in epidemiological research, estimating the prevalence of FA within the Italian population and to assess new treatments’ efficacy for obese patients with food addiction symptoms seeking weight-loss treatments.
Ethylene from renewable ethanol: Process optimization and economic feasibility assessment
Martina Frosi,Antonio Tripodi,Francesco Conte,Gianguido Ramis,Nader Mahinpey,Ilenia Rossetti 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-
At present, ethylene is the most widely produced organic compound in the chemical industry. The maincommercial way to obtain ethylene is by steam cracking of a wide range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, butbiomass-derived ethanol can be catalytically dehydrated as a sustainable alternative route in order toexploit new renewable sources. The aim of this work is to design an optimal bioethanol-tobioethyleneplant, with a capacity of 445,652 ton/year, and to assess its economic feasibility. This designfeatures an improved production capacity and intensified energy management. The main novelty of this study is the use of diluted bioethanol solutions, bypassing the energy intensiveand expensive dehydration step. Moreover, while the first industrial bioethanol-to-bioethylene processuses NaOH to purify the outcoming flow from CO2, this plant uses diluted Methyldiethanolamine(MDEA), regenerated in situ. With this plant, the double of the capacity of the Braskem’s plant, nowthe largest one, can be reached in an environmentally more sustainable manner. A pinch analysis was performed, in order to minimize the energy consumption of the process by optimizingthe heat recovery systems. The economic analysis of the process consists of the evaluation of thetotal cost of the plant (TOC) including the sum of the CAPital EXpenditures (CAPEX) and the OPeratingones (OPEX), together with some sensitive profitability indexes (net yearly profit, net present value,net rate of return and cash flow analysis). The designed process presents an economically competitivesolution compared to the current bioethylene production units. Assuming a premium price of between 0.293 $/kg for diluted bioethanol, the proposed plant is competitivewith the lowest production cost for bioethylene (Brazil and India), while a sensitivity analysis ondiluted bioethanol price evidenced that this option remains competitive still in Europe with a bioethanolcost 0.65 $/kg.