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How to read a recipe: the semiotic point of view
Gianfranco Marrone 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2020 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.24
Writing a recipe is no easy task. It requires great care to render those various steps clearly, placing them in order, explaining the reasons for their importance in achieving the final result. However, over time the technique for writing a recipe, and consequently for composing an entire recipe book, has not just been perfected, but has reached fairly stable standards that, when reproduced, make teaching others to cook using the written word a fairly common practice. So, this article try to answer to the answers: How are recipes structured? What order do they follow when describing a culinary procedure?
Zooming Statistics: Inference across scales
Hannig, Jan,Marron, J.S.,Riedi, R.H. The Korean Statistical Society 2001 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.30 No.2
New statistical methods are ended to analyzed data in a multi-scale way. Some multi-scale extensions of stand methods, including novel visualization using dynamic graphics are proposed. These tools are used to explore non-standard structure in internet traffic data.
Saharinen, Pipsa,Kerkelä,, Katja,Ekman, Niklas,Marron, Marie,Brindle, Nicholas,Lee, Gyun Min,Augustin, Hellmut,Koh, Gou Young,Alitalo, Kari The Rockefeller University Press 2005 The Journal of cell biology Vol.169 No.2
<P>The Tie1 receptor tyrosine kinase was isolated over a decade ago, but so far no ligand has been found to activate this receptor. Here, we have examined the potential of angiopoietins, ligands for the related Tie2 receptor, to mediate Tie1 activation. We show that a soluble Ang1 chimeric protein, COMP-Ang1, stimulates Tie1 phosphorylation in endothelial cells with similar kinetics and angiopoietin dose dependence when compared with Tie2. The phosphorylation of overexpressed Tie1 was weakly induced by COMP-Ang1 also in transfected cells that do not express Tie2. When cotransfected, Tie2 formed heteromeric complexes with Tie1, enhanced Tie1 activation, and induced phosphorylation of a kinase-inactive Tie1 in a ligand-dependent manner. Tie1 phosphorylation was also induced by native Ang1 and Ang4, although less efficiently than with COMP-Ang1. In conclusion, we show that Tie1 phosphorylation is induced by multiple angiopoietin proteins and that the activation is amplified via Tie2. These results should be important in dissecting the signal transduction pathways and biological functions of Tie1.</P>
Least squares sieve estimation of mixture distributions with boundary effects
Mihee Lee,Ling Wang,Haipeng Shen,Peter Hall,Guang Guo,J.S. Marron 한국통계학회 2015 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.44 No.2
In this study, we propose two types of sieve estimators, based on least squares (LS), for probability distributions that are mixtures of a finite number of discrete atoms and a continuous distribution under the framework of measurement error models. This research is motivated by the maximum likelihood (ML) sieve estimator developed in Lee et al. (2013). We obtain two types of LS sieve estimators through minimizing the distance between the empirical distribution/characteristic functions and the model distribution/characteristic functions. The LS estimators outperform the ML sieve estimator in several aspects: (1) they need much less computational time; (2) they give smaller integrated mean squared error; (3) the characteristic function based LS estimator is more robust against mis-specification of the error distribution. We also use roughness penalization to improve the smoothness of the resulting estimators and reduce the estimation variance. As an application of our proposed LS estimators, we use the Framingham Heart Study data to investigate the distribution of genetic effects on body mass index. Finally asymptotic properties of the LS estimators are investigated.
STRINGENT LIMITS ON THE POLARIZED SUBMILLIMETER EMISSION FROM PROTOPLANETARY DISKS
Hughes, A. Meredith,Wilner, David J.,Cho, Jungyeon,Marrone, Daniel P.,Lazarian, Alexandre,Andrews, Sean M.,Rao, Ramprasad IOP Publishing 2009 The Astrophysical journal Vol.704 No.2
<P>We present arcsecond-resolution Submillimeter Array (SMA) polarimetric observations of the 880 mu m continuum emission from the protoplanetary disks around two nearby stars, HD 163296 and TW Hydrae. Although previous observations and theoretical work have suggested that a 2%-3% polarization fraction should be common for the millimeter continuum emission from such disks, we detect no polarized continuum emission above a 3 sigma upper limit of 7 mJy in each arcsecond-scale beam, or <1% in integrated continuum emission. We compare the SMA upper limits with the predictions from the exploratory Cho & Lazarian model of polarized emission from T Tauri disks threaded by toroidal magnetic fields, and rule out their fiducial model at the similar to 10 sigma level. We explore some potential causes for this discrepancy, focusing on model parameters that describe the shape, magnetic field alignment, and size distribution of grains in the disk. We also investigate related effects like the magnetic field strength and geometry, scattering off of large grains, and the efficiency of grain alignment, including recent advances in grain alignment theory, which are not considered in the fiducial model. We discuss the impact each parameter would have on the data and determine that the suppression of polarized emission plausibly arises from rounding of large grains, reduced efficiency of grain alignment with the magnetic field, and/or some degree of magnetic field tangling ( perhaps due to turbulence). A poloidal magnetic field geometry could also reduce the polarization signal, particularly for a face-on viewing geometry like the TW Hya disk. The data provided here offer the most stringent limits to-date on the polarized millimeter-wavelength emission from disks around young stars.</P>
Neutron Capture on <SUP>209</SUP>Bi: Determination of the Production Ratio of ^(210m)Bi/^(210g)Bi
F. Gunsing,E. Berthoumieux,A. Borella,T. Belgya,L. Szentmiklosi,P. Schillebeeckx,J. C. Drohe,R. Wynants,N. Colonna,S. Marrone,G. Tagliente,R. Terlizzi,C. Domingo-pardo,J. Tain,T. Martinez,C. Massimi,P 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
Neutron capture on ^(209)Bi produces either an isomeric state ^(210m)Bi with a half life of 3×10^6 years, or the ground state ^(210g)Bi which decays with a half life of 5 days to the alpha emitter ^(210)Po. Therefore the neutron capture cross section ratio ^(209)Bi(n,γ) ^(210m)^(Bi)/^(210g)Bi plays an important role in predicting the short- and long-term radio-toxicity produced by ^(209)Bi under neutron irradiation. This ratio is dependent on the neutron energy. We have measured this ratio for cold neutrons at the cold neutron beam facility of the Budapest Neutron Centre by observing the population of the ground- and the metastable state using high resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy. The same technique hasbeen used at the pulsed white neutron source GELINA of the IRMM, Geel in combination with the neutron time-of-flight technique. Results for the neutron-energy dependent branching ratio will be presented. In addition we performed simulations using a statistical decay code.