Combined CD137 (4-1BB) and adjuvant therapy generates a developing pool of peptide-specific CD8 memory T cells

Myers, Lara,Lee, Seung Woo,Rossi, Robert J.,Lefrancois, Leo,Kwon, Byoung S.,Mittler, Robert S.,Croft, Michael,Vella, Anthony T. Oxford University Press 2006 International immunology Vol.18 No.2

<P>In practice, vaccines should induce lasting and efficacious T cell immunity without promoting deleterious pathological consequences. To accomplish this goal we immunized mice with ovalbumin peptide, polyinosinic–polycytidylic and anti-CD137. Vaccinated mice retained a massive functional CD8 T cell memory pool in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues for >1 year. The memory T cells clonally expanded, produced substantial amounts of IFNγ, and responded vigorously to vesicular stomatitis virus infection. To understand how the vaccine might function, we showed that the antigen-specific T cells must bear CD137 in order for optimal priming to occur. Thus, anti-CD137 agonist mAb directly stimulated peptide-specific CD8 T cells and conditioned them to survive. In contrast, CD137-deficient CD8 T cells did not survive despite CD137 expression by antigen presenting cells. Taken together, the data indicate that CD137 and adjuvant combined therapy is an efficacious vaccine strategy for immunization with non-replicating inert antigen.</P>

INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR COMPARATIVE AGING RESEARCH

MYERS, GEORGE C. Institute for Social Development and Policy Resear 1995 Korea Journal of Population and Development Vol.24 No.2

After introductory comments on the theme of ‘ageing east and west’, this paper looks at trends in ageing and responses to ageing over time, with particular reference to European experience. The evidence is reviewed in historical, cultural, religious, political and ‘social political’ perspective. Attention in drawn to the different patterns of experience and of policy responses characteristic of the different countries and regions within Europe both past and present. The paper concludes with a review of latest trends and prospects in ‘community care’, which could signal a seeming point of convergence between east and west.

Early-Age Properties of Polymer Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

Myers, Daniel,Kang, Thomas H.K.,Ramseyer, Chris Korea Concrete Institute 2008 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.2 No.1

The cracking problem in concrete is widespread and complex. This paper reviews the problem and focuses on those parts of the problem that are more readily solved. Polymer fibers are shown to have promise in several important areas of the cracking problem. To investigate one of these areas of the cracking problem more completely, an experimental research program focusing on the early-age properties of fibers was carried out. This study researched the properties of four polymer fibers; two of the fibers were macrofibers, and two were microfibers. Each fiber was tested at several dosage rates to identify optimum dosage levels. Early-age shrinkage, long-term shrinkage, compressive strength, and tensile strength were investigated. Long-term shrinkage and strength impacts from the polymer fibers were minimal; however, the polymer fibers were shown to have a great impact on early-age shrinkage and a moderate impact on early-age strength.

Inflammatory production of reactive oxygen species by <i>Drosophila</i> hemocytes activates cellular immune defenses

Myers, Amber L.,Harris, Caitlin M.,Choe, Kwang-Min,Brennan, Catherine A. Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.505 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a prominent response to infection among innate immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils. To better understand the relationship between antimicrobial and regulatory functions of blood cell ROS, we have characterized the ROS response to infection in <I>Drosophila</I> hemocytes. Using fluorescent probes, we find a biphasic hemocyte ROS response to bacterial infection. In the first hour, virtually all hemocytes generate a transient ROS signal, with nonphagocytic cells including prohemocytes and crystal cells displaying exceptionally strong responses. A distinct, and more delayed ROS response starting at 90 min is primarily within cells that have engulfed bacteria, and is sustained for several hours. The early response has a clear regulatory function, as dampening or intensifying the intracellular ROS level has profound effects on plasmatocyte activation. In addition, ROS are necessary and sufficient to activate JNK signalling in crystal cells, and to promote JNK-dependent crystal cell rupture. These findings indicate that <I>Drosophila</I> will be a promising model in which to dissect the mechanisms of ROS stimulation of immune activation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biphasic hemocyte ROS response to infection in flies. </LI> <LI> Early response high in non-phagocytic prohemocytes and crystal cells. </LI> <LI> Delayed ROS in phagocytic cells. </LI> <LI> ROS activate plasmatocyte spreading and adhesion. </LI> <LI> ROS promote JNK-dependent crystal cell rupture. </LI> </UL> </P>

Microsurgery Training for the Twenty-First Century

Myers, Simon Richard,Froschauer, Stefan,Akelina, Yelena,Tos, Pierluigi,Kim, Jeong Tae,Ghanem, Ali M. Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.4

Current educational interventions and training courses in microsurgery are often predicated on theories of skill acquisition and development that follow a 'practice makes perfect' model. Given the changing landscape of surgical training and advances in educational theories related to skill development, research is needed to assess current training tools in microsurgery education and devise alternative methods that would enhance training. Simulation is an increasingly important tool for educators because, whilst facilitating improved technical proficiency, it provides a way to reduce risks to both trainees and patients. The International Microsurgery Simulation Society has been founded in 2012 in order to consolidate the global effort in promoting excellence in microsurgical training. The society's aim to achieve standarisation of microsurgical training worldwide could be realised through the development of evidence based educational interventions and sharing best practices.

SOME BASIC THEORETICAL CONCEPTS ABOUT INTERNATIONAL LAW

MYERS S. MCDOUGAL 한국법학원 1964 저스티스 Vol.8 No.1

人事管理를 위한 새로운 開拓者

Myers Charles A.李恩子 淑明女子大學校 商經學會 1965 經商論叢 Vol.2 No.-

The Case for Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Vital Sign

( Jonathan Myers ) 대한운동사협회 2022 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2022 No.-

THE WATERSHED THAT WASN’T: RE-EVALUATING KIM IL SUNG’S “JUCHE SPEECH” OF 1955

BRIAN MYERS 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2006 Acta Koreana Vol.9 No.1

For decades foreign observers have regarded Kim Il Sung’s so-called juche speech of 1955 as a watershed in his country’s ideological history—the first public occasion on which the dictator spoke of the nationalist concept of juche. The speech is also routinely described, though with no textual evidence, as an enunciation of the need for national self-reliance. All too often foreigners, unconsciously emulating the North Koreans’ own practice, have projected the party’s more recent interpretations of the term juche backward in time onto the 1955 speech. The following article proceeds from the view that the speech must be read closely with a view to the context of its own time—a time in which P’yŏngyang’s own dictionaries either defined juche as a concept devoid of nationalist connotations or ignored it altogether; a time when it was considered acceptable throughout the socialist bloc to call for the “creative” application of Marxism-Leninism to national conditions; a time in which the juche speech appears to have aroused no more attention than was usually given to Kim’s public discourse. Through an analysis of the text itself, the article sets out to show that the speech—only the first half of which deals with juche at all—is not nationalist in any meaningful sense of the term, nor does it even mention self-reliance. In closing, the article raises the possibility that Kim’s criticism of the more ludicrous excesses of sovietophilia was motivated by his fear that they could alienate public opinion in South Korea.

Implementation of ethical codes of conduct in Korean collegiate athletics

( Dean Myers ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study is to review current ethical issues in Korean collegiate athletics with the intention of recommending implementation of ethical codes of conducts for players, coaches and universities. These codes were based on current NCAA (National Collegiate Athletics Administration) ethical codes of conduct enforced by the NCAAs’ governing body. Method: This study reviews the empirical findings of existing literature in regards to ethical issues of South Korean collegiate athletics. In order to frame the social and cultural pressures athletes, coaches, and universities are subjected to, works by the following authors Park, Lim & Bretherton (2012); Hong & Yu (2007) were drawn from. The pressure to succeed was found to cause many of the current ethical issues in collegiate athletic programs and in the lives of athletes themselves. Cases of physical abuse, bullying and academic misconduct were found to be prevalent in existing literature and in athlete interviews of Korean collegiate programs. The pressure to produce results in athletics is not unique to Korea, and neither are the various unethical methods used to facilitate athletic success. To place these problems in a cultural and social framework the underlying causes were researched and concluded to draw from Confucian ideological systems of hierarchy and power relationships. Currently no major initiatives or government interventions have been implemented to rectify said issues. As no Korean based system currently exists to guide ethical behavior of athletics, existing systems of ethical conduct were examined outside of Korea. The NCAA of America was looked to as a foundational construct for the creation of a similar guidance system in Korea. The NCAA has varying ethical codes of conduct for coaches, players, universities and officials to draw from. These ethical codes of conduct were then benchmarked and recommended as new policy to be implemented for Korean collegiate athletics. Result: This study presents a viable option for laying the foundation needed to rectify current ethical issues in Korean collegiate sport. Through identifying current ethical issues in Korean athletic programs, problems were first framed based on their sociocultural circumstances. Framing these issues allows for the proper application of ethical codes of conduct in Korea. Once the problems are framed, benchmarking NCAA protocol and case studies can begin. The process of benchmarking provides a legal and ethical path for future policy makers to institute ethical changes. Conclusion: It has been found that sociocultural reasons for current ethical issues in sport are mendable with the strict implementation of ethical codes of conduct. Key to implementation of ethical code of conduct will be depended on the governing body’s ability to hold perpetrators of ethical misconduct accountable for their actions. The NCAA provides an enforceable framework that Korean collegiate athletics should benchmark as a means of rectifying current ethical issues ushering in a new frame of higher moral standard.