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Indium tin oxide nanorods by dc sputtering
M.K. Fung,Y.C. Sun,A.M.C. Ng,A.B. Djurišić,W.K. Chan 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
Growth of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanorods by sputtering without any use of templates or oblique angle deposition has been achieved. The morphology, optical and electrical properties of ITO nanorods obtained under different deposition conditions have been characterized. The deposition conditions resulting in high transmission and low sheet resistance have been determined. Dense ITO nanorod array has potential for application as a contact in light-emitting diodes
Indium oxide, tin oxide and indium tin oxide nanostructure growth by vapor deposition
M.K. Fung,K.K. Wong,X.Y. Chen,Y.F. Chan,A.M.C. Ng,A.B. Djurišić,W.K. Chan 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.3
Indium oxide, tin oxide and indium tin oxide nanowires have been grown by vapor deposition on Si and quartz substrates. Under the growth conditions used, pure SiOx nanowires, a mixture of SiOx and indium oxide, tin oxide or indium tin oxide nanostructures, or pure indium oxide, tin oxide or indium tin oxide nanostructures could be obtained at different substrate temperatures. The growth mechanism of the obtained nanostructures at different substrate temperatures is discussed. Optical and electrical properties of the deposited pure indium oxide, tin oxide or indium tin oxide nanostructures have been measured, and low sheet resistances on quartz substrates have been obtained for indium oxide and indium tin oxide nanostructures.
( S Fung ),( P Kwan ),( A Horban ),( M Pelemis ),( P Husa ),( H W Hann ),( Jf Flaherty ),( B Massetto ),( P Dinh ),( A Corsa ),( K Kitrinos ),( Jg Mchutchison ),( M Fabri ),( E Gane ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF (TDF) have been demonstrated over 6 years in pivotal HBV studies, but have yet to be established in lamivudine-resistant (LAM-R) patients in a prospective, randomized trial. Methods: Phase 3b, double-blind, randomized (1:1) comparison of TDF and emtricitabine (FTC)/TDF in chronic HBV patients on LAM at screening with HBV DNA ≥103 IU/mL and documented LAM-R (rtM204V/I±rtL180M; INNO-LiPA HBV v2/ v3). Patients were stratified by ALT (≥ or <2×ULN) and HBeAg status. Efficacy and safety, including bone mineral density (BMD) monitoring by DXA were assessed over 96 weeks. Results: Of 280 randomized and treated patients, 133/141 (94%) and 125/139 (90%) in TDF and FTC/TDF groups completed 96 weeks. Groups were well matched: mean age 47 years, 75% males, 34% Asian, 47% HBeAg+, 42% ALT <ULN; HBV genotypes: 22% A, 14% B, 19% C, and 45% D. By ITT analysis, missing=failure, 89% and 86% receiving TDF and FTC/TDF, respectively, had HBV DNA <400 copies/mL at Week 96 (P =0.43); 70% in each arm had normal ALT. HBeAg loss was observed in 10/65 (15%) and 9/68 (13%) in TDF and FTC/TDF arms, respectively. One patient (FTC/TDF) had HBsAg loss without seroconversion. Both treatments were well tolerated with 1% (3/280) discontinuing for adverse event (1 TDF, 2 FTC/TDF). No patients had confirmed increase in serum creatinine of ≥0.5 mg/dL, and 1% (2 TDF) had serum phosphorus <2 mg/dL. BMD of spine and hip revealed no clinically relevant bone loss, and there were no non-traumatic fractures reported. No TDF resistance was detected through 96 weeks. Conclusions: A high rate of HBV DNA suppression with no detectable TDF resistance was achieved with TDF monotherapy in LAM?R patients through 96 weeks. TDF was safe and well tolerated, with a low rate of renal events and no evidence of clinically relevant bone loss.
European Economic Integration and the Effectiveness of Employment Policies
( K. C. Fung ),( Chelsea C. Lin ),( Andrea M. Maechler ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2005 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.20 No.3
This paper examines the qualitative impact and the degree of effectiveness of several labor market policies when domestic union`s wage response and economic integration are explicitly taken into account. The employment policies considered include payroll tax cuts, unemployment benefits cuts, aggregate demand expansion and wage subsidies. It is shown that with endogenous wages and an open economy, these policies can in some cases become more potent. But in other instances, they become less effective. In fact, under some conditions derived in this paper, employment policies can even be counterproductive, leading to a drop in domestic employment.
Incremental Model-based Test Suite Reduction with Formal Concept Analysis
Ng, Pin,Fung, Richard Y.K.,Kong, Ray W.M. Korea Information Processing Society 2010 Journal of information processing systems Vol.6 No.2
Test scenarios can be derived based on some system models for requirements validation purposes. Model-based test suite reduction aims to provide a smaller set of test scenarios which can preserve the original test coverage with respect to some testing criteria. We are proposing to apply Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) in analyzing the association between a set of test scenarios and a set of transitions specified in a state machine model. By utilizing the properties of concept lattice, we are able to determine incrementally a minimal set of test scenarios with adequate test coverage.
Hyperthermia with Magnetic Nanowires for Inactivating Living Cells
Choi, D. S.,Park, J.,Kim, S.,Gracias, D. H.,Cho, M. K.,Kim, Y. K.,Fung, A.,Lee, S. E.,Chen, Y.,Khanal, S.,Baral, S.,Kim, J.-H. American Scientific Publishers 2008 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.8 No.5
<P>We describe a method to induce hyperthermia in cells, <I>in-vitro</I>, by remotely heating Ni nanowires (NWs) with radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields. Ni NWs were internalized by human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). Only cells proximal to NWs or with internalized NWs changed shape on exposure to RF fields indicative of cell death. The cell death occurs as a result of hyperthermia, since the RF field remotely heats the NWs as a result of magnetic hysteresis. This is the first demonstration of hyperthermia induced by NWs; since the NWs have anisotropic and strong magnetic moments, our experiments suggest the possibility of performing hyperthermia at lower field strengths in order to minimize damage to untargeted cells in applications such as the treatment of cancer.</P>