Provision of a protein-rich supplement for grazing suckling female beef calves to improve productive performance and metabolic response

Moreno Deilen S,Ortega Román M,Marquez David C,Moreira Thiago R,Santos Edson J dos,Almeida Daniel M de,Paulino Mário Fonseca,Rennó Luciana Navajas,Detmann Edenio 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.8

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the provision of a proteinrich supplement on productive performance, and metabolic profile on grazing suckling female beef calves in tropical conditions during 150 d of experimentation. Methods: Fifty-six Nellore suckling female calves, and their respective dams were distributed in a completely randomised design and made to undergo two treatments as follows: UNS (without supplementation), and SUP (supplementation with 5 g/kg body weight [BW] of a protein supplement). Throughout the experiment, animal performance and metabolic profile were evaluated. Also, ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis were assessed for gene expression. Results: SUP female calves showed a higher voluntary intake (p≤0.03) of the diet components evaluated, digestibility of organic matter (p≤0.02) and microbial nitrogen production (MICN; p≤0.02) compared to UNS female calves. In its turn, serum urea nitrogen (p≤0.01) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (p≤0.03) levels and ureagenesis (p≤0.04) increased in SUP female calves compared to UNS female calves. Blood glucose and triglyceride levels were not affected by supplementation. The average daily gain (ADG) from SUP female calves was higher (p≤0.02) compared with UNS female calves. However, supplementation did not affect the body measures of the animals. Conclusion: In summary, provision of a protein-rich supplement improves the intake and nutrients digestibility, ADG and final BW and increases metabolic indicators of the protein status in grazing suckling female beef calves in tropical conditions. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the provision of a protein-rich supplement on productive performance, and metabolic profile on grazing suckling female beef calves in tropical conditions during 150 d of experimentation.Methods: Fifty-six Nellore suckling female calves, and their respective dams were distributed in a completely randomised design and made to undergo two treatments as follows: UNS (without supplementation), and SUP (supplementation with 5 g/kg body weight [BW] of a protein supplement). Throughout the experiment, animal performance and metabolic profile were evaluated. Also, ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis were assessed for gene expression.Results: SUP female calves showed a higher voluntary intake (p≤0.03) of the diet components evaluated, digestibility of organic matter (p≤0.02) and microbial nitrogen production (MICN; p≤0.02) compared to UNS female calves. In its turn, serum urea nitrogen (p≤0.01) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (p≤0.03) levels and ureagenesis (p≤0.04) increased in SUP female calves compared to UNS female calves. Blood glucose and triglyceride levels were not affected by supplementation. The average daily gain (ADG) from SUP female calves was higher (p≤0.02) compared with UNS female calves. However, supplementation did not affect the body measures of the animals.Conclusion: In summary, provision of a protein-rich supplement improves the intake and nutrients digestibility, ADG and final BW and increases metabolic indicators of the protein status in grazing suckling female beef calves in tropical conditions.

The synthesis, thermal stability, crystal structure and spectroscopic study of La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 powder obtained by the modified Pechini’s method

Moisés R. Cesário,Daniel A. Macedo,Rosane M. P. B. Oliveira,Patrícia M. Pimentel,Roberto L. Moreira,Dulce M. A. Melo 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.1

Strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (La1−xSrxMnO3) is a commonly used cathode in solid oxide fuel cells. In this study,La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 powder was prepared by the modified Pechini’s method using gelatin as the polymerizing agent. The polymeric resin obtained was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and the powder calcined at 900 oC for 4 h has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 phase exhibited rhombohedral symmetry. The infrared reflectance spectrum was dominated by a conduction mechanism besides the signature of less pronounced phonon features, characteristics of the crystal lattice. The present results indicated that the gelatin has been an efficient directional element to be used in La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 synthesis, and it is a low cost material, non toxic and makes the polymeric precursor synthesis less complicated.

Antidiarrheal Activity of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Fruit

Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira,Luiz Estêvão Salvagnini,Emerson Santos,Viviana Y.A. Silva,Raquel R.D. Moreira,Hérida R.N. Salgado,Rosemeire C.L.R. Pietro 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.5

The growing list of drug-resistant microorganisms and the persistence of deaths due to diarrhea are compelling reasons to study plants in search of new therapeutic agents. The chemical constitution and popular use of the edible fruits of Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg motivated this study to assess the antimicrobial and antidiarrheal properties of the fruits. An extract in 70% ethanol was prepared, and its antimicrobial activity was tested against several strains of bacteria by the agar diffusion and microdilution methods. Antidiarrheal activity was analyzed by testing intestinal motility in an animal model. Preliminary phytochemical study indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in the hydroalcoholic extract. Antimicrobial activity was significant, but the minimum inhibitory concentration proved to be higher than the maximum extract concentration tested. The extract did not show significant activity for intestinal motility. Although this fruit extract did not show great results as an antimicrobial or antidiarrheal agent, the study contributes to the search for new plant agents and could be referred to as a research protocol by investigators in this area.

Chemical and Antidiarrheal Studies of Plinia cauliflora

Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira,Juliana A. Severi,Emerson Santos,Viviana Y.A. Silva,Wagner Vilegas,He´rida R.N. Salgado,Rosemeire C.L.R. Pietro 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12

Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel, widespread in South America, has edible fruits, and its bark is commonly used against diarrhea and other disorders, on account of its astringency. Because diarrhea is still one of the most important causes of illness and death among children in developing countries, where the population turns to traditional medicine for its treatment, the present study determined the composition of fruit and leaf extracts of P. cauliflora, analyzed the activity against diarrhea by antimicrobial and gastrointestinal motility, and evaluated the cytotoxicity of the extracts. Chemical composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatograpy–ultraviolet/photodiode array detection. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar diffusion and the microdilution method against etiological agents of diarrhea. The effect on gastrointestinal motility was analyzed using an experimental model in mice. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro with the fibroblast cell line SIRC CCL 60, and leaf extract showed a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.48 lg/mL. Gallic acid, ellagic acid, and flavonoid derivatives were detected in the extracts. It was observed that fruit and leaf extracts showed some activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Shigella sp. However, neither extract had any effect on gastrointestinal motility.

Phytochemical Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Antioxidant Potential of Equisetum hyemale L. (Equisetaceae) Extracts

Geisiany M. de Queiroz,Fla´vio A.S. Politi,Edvaˆnio R. Rodrigues,Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira,Raquel R.D. Moreira,Ca´ssia R.P. Cardoso,Lourdes C. Santos,Rosemeire C.L.R. Pietro 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Equisetum hyemale species is considered a medicinal plant used in the form of infusions to combat infectious or inflammation diseases and also diuretic effects, presenting several compounds related to these actions. In previous studies different species of Equisetum showed several phenolic compounds. The objective of this study was, for the first time, based on phytochemistry analysis to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The 70% ethanolic and methanolic extracts of E. hyemale were characterized by spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detector analyses, as well as its antioxidant potential based on the scavenger activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). In addition was verified the antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution technique against bacteria and fungi. The extracts showed phytochemical similarity, which demonstrated the presence of phenolic compounds, the scavenging activity for free radicals was about 30% and was observed better antifungal activity against dermatophyte fungi, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of 0.62 mg/mL to Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis. The extracts exhibits great potential to therapeutic applications or product development, since both possess antifungal activity and antioxidant action associated with little difference in their phytochemical composition.

Cinnamon: an aromatic condiment applicable to chronic kidney disease

Moreira Laís de Souza Gouveia,Brum Isabela de Souza da Costa,de Vargas Reis Drielly C. M.,Trugilho Liana,Chermut Tuany R.,Esgalhado Marta,Cardozo Ludmila F. M. F.,Stenvinkel Peter,Shiels Paul G.,Mafra 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.1

Cinnamon, a member of the Lauraceae family, has been widely used as a spice and traditional herbal medicine for centuries and hasshown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. However, its effectiveness as a therapeutic intervention forchronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unproven. The bioactive compounds within cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamicacid, and cinnamate, can mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, gut dysbiosis, and dyslipidemia, which are commoncomplications in patients with CKD. In this narrative review, we assess the mechanisms by which cinnamon may alleviate complicationsobserved in CKD and the possible role of this spice as an additional nutritional strategy for this patient group.

Hyaluronic acid has chondroprotective and joint-preserving effects on LPS-induced synovitis in horses

Henrique M. Neuenschwander,Juliana J. Moreira,Cynthia P. Vendruscolo,Joice Fülber,Sarah R. T. Seidel,Yara M. Michelacci,Raquel Y. A. Baccarin 대한수의학회 2019 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.20 No.6

The intra-articular use of hyaluronic acid (HA) for the treatment of synovitis and osteoarthritis is still controversial. As a consequence, corticosteroids remain the most frequently employed therapeutic agents, despite their potential systemic and local deleterious effects. This study examined the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chondroprotective activities of low and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA and HMW-HA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synovitis in horses compared to triamcinolone acetonide (TA). LPS was injected in the metacarpophalangeal joints, which were treated intra-articularly with either TA (as control) or LMW-HA or HMW-HA. Joint clinical evaluation and synovial fluid (SF) analysis were performed at 0, 8, 24, and 48 h. The white blood cell counts (WBC), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, chondroitin sulfate (CS) and HA concentrations, oxidative burst, and HA molecular weights were measured. TA reduced the lameness, swelling, and PGE2 release but increased the SF CS concentrations enormously at 24 h and 48 h. In contrast, TA decreased the SF HA modal molecular weight. These results indicate the breakdown of articular cartilage aggrecan and SF HA. In contrast, LMW-HA and HMW-HA were less effective in reducing the inflammation symptoms, but preserved the joints because only a modest increase in CS occurred at 24 h, decreasing at 48 h, and the SF HA was maintained. The HA-treatment also had anti-inflammatory actions, and LMW-HA was the most effective in reducing the release of cytokine. In summary, the HA treatment inhibited efficiently the digestion of cartilage proteoglycans and SF HA breakdown.

Occurrence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus and Pepper golden mosaic virus in Potential New Hosts in Costa Rica

Ruth M. Castro,Lisela Moreira,María R. Rojas,Eduardo Hernández,Floribeth Mora,Pilar Ramírez,Robert L. Gilbertson 한국식물병리학회 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.3

Leaf samples of Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum,Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Sechium edule and Erythrina spp. were collected. All samples were positive for begomoviruses using polymerase chain reaction and degenerate primers. A sequence of ~1,100 bp was obtained from the genomic component DNA-A of 14 samples. In addition, one sequence of ~580 bp corresponding to the coat protein (AV1) was obtained from a chayote (S. edule) leaf sample. The presence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus (SYMMoV) and Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) were confirmed. The host range reported for SYMMoV includes species of the Cucurbitaceae,Caricaceae and Fabaceae families. This report extends the host range of SYMMoV to include the Solanaceae family, and extends the host range of PepGMV to include C. moschata, C. pepo and the Fabaceae Erythrina spp. This is the first report of a begomovirus (PepGMV)infecting chayote in the Western Hemisphere.

Occurrence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus and Pepper golden mosaic virus in Potential New Hosts in Costa Rica

Castro, Ruth M.,Moreira, Lisela,Rojas, Maria R.,Gilbertson, Robert L.,Hernandez, Eduardo,Mora, Floribeth,Ramirez, Pilar The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.3

Leaf samples of Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Sechium edule and Erythrina spp. were collected. All samples were positive for begomoviruses using polymerase chain reaction and degenerate primers. A sequence of ~1,100 bp was obtained from the genomic component DNA-A of 14 samples. In addition, one sequence of ~580 bp corresponding to the coat protein (AV1) was obtained from a chayote (S. edule) leaf sample. The presence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus (SYMMoV) and Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) were confirmed. The host range reported for SYMMoV includes species of the Cucurbitaceae, Caricaceae and Fabaceae families. This report extends the host range of SYMMoV to include the Solanaceae family, and extends the host range of PepGMV to include C. moschata, C. pepo and the Fabaceae Erythrina spp. This is the first report of a begomovirus (PepGMV) infecting chayote in the Western Hemisphere.

Protective Effects of Purple Grape Juice on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Brains of Adult Wistar Rats

Caroline Dani,Matheus A.B. Pasquali,Marcos R. Oliveira,Fernanda M. Umezu,Mirian Salvador,Joao A.P. Henriques,Jose C.F. Moreira 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.1

The antioxidant properties of purple grape juice, organic and conventional, in brain tissues are not well known.In this study our objective was to evaluate the antioxidant activity in substantia nigra and striatum of rats chronically treatedwith organic or conventional purple grape juice and to correlate the results obtained with the polyphenol content (total polyphe-nolic content, resveratrol, and anthocyanins [malvidin, delphinidin, peonidin, and cyanidin]). We observed that CCl4 damagedecreased significantly in the grape juice-treated groups when compared with the control group. In the grape juice-treatedgroups we further observed a decrease of lipid (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay) and protein (carbonyl) peroxi-dation, as well as a significant antioxidant protection through the increase of enzyme activity. Antioxidant activities were sig-nificantly correlated with polyphenol content. These findings demonstrated that both grape juices have potent antioxidant prop-erties and these activities could be at least attributed to the high phenolic content present in these juices.