Augmentation of Photosynthesis, Crop Productivity, Enzyme Activities and Alkaloids Production in Sadabahar (Catharanthus roseus L.) through Application of Diverse Plant Growth Regulators

M. Masidur Alam,M. Naeem,M. Idrees,M. Masroor A. Khan,Moinuddin 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.2

Exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) has vital impact on the growth and productivity of plants. Foliar application of selected PGRs, viz. indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), thidiazuron (TDZ), gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), homobrassinosteroids (HBR),and triacontanol (TRIA), were carried out in order to assess the effects on growth of two cultivars (Rosea and Alba) of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don. The Rosea and Alba plants were sprayed with PGRs (10-7 M) at 60 days after planting (DAP). Shoot and root lengths, plant fresh and dry weights, leaf-area index, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content, net photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activities, and leaf essential nutrients (N, P, and K) were analyzed at 150 DAP while yield attributes and total alkaloids of leaves and roots, contents of vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids were measured at 210 DAP. The results showed that HBR significantly improved most of the growth attributes. Application of HBR, KIN, and GA3 resulted in the ameliorative effects on plant productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters as compared to the unsprayed (control) plants. The effect of TDZ was not significantly different than the control plants. GA3 application significantly increased the vincristine content (7.3%)while TDZ exhibited reduced vincristine content. The effect of other PGR was insignificant towards vincristine and vinblastine contents. The response of Rosea toward exogenous PGRs application was better than Alba in terms of crop productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters, and alkaloid production. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) has vital impact on the growth and productivity of plants. Foliar application of selected PGRs, viz. indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), thidiazuron (TDZ), gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), homobrassinosteroids (HBR),and triacontanol (TRIA), were carried out in order to assess the effects on growth of two cultivars (Rosea and Alba) of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don. The Rosea and Alba plants were sprayed with PGRs (10-7 M) at 60 days after planting (DAP). Shoot and root lengths, plant fresh and dry weights, leaf-area index, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content, net photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activities, and leaf essential nutrients (N, P, and K) were analyzed at 150 DAP while yield attributes and total alkaloids of leaves and roots, contents of vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids were measured at 210 DAP. The results showed that HBR significantly improved most of the growth attributes. Application of HBR, KIN, and GA3 resulted in the ameliorative effects on plant productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters as compared to the unsprayed (control) plants. The effect of TDZ was not significantly different than the control plants. GA3 application significantly increased the vincristine content (7.3%)while TDZ exhibited reduced vincristine content. The effect of other PGR was insignificant towards vincristine and vinblastine contents. The response of Rosea toward exogenous PGRs application was better than Alba in terms of crop productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters, and alkaloid production.

Behavior of gusset plate-T0-CCFT connections with different configurations

M.M. Hassan,H.M. Ramadan,M. Naeem,S.A. Mourad 국제구조공학회 2014 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.17 No.5

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) composite columns, either circular (CCFT) or rectangular (RCFT), have many economical and aesthetic advantages but the behavior of their connections are complicated. This study aims to investigate, through an experimental program, the performance and behavior of different connections configurations between circular concrete filled steel tube columns (CCFT) and gusset plates subjected to shear and axial compression loadings. The study included seventeen connection subassemblies consisting of a fixed length steel tube and gusset plate connected to the tube end with different details tested under half cyclic loading. A notable effect was observed on the behavior of the connections due to its detailing changes with respect to capacity, failure mode, ductility, and stress distribution.

Analysis of weld-induced residual stresses and distortions in thin-walled cylinders

Naeem Ullah Dar,Ejaz M. Qureshi,M.M.I Hammouda 대한기계학회 2009 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.23 No.4

Circumferential weld specifically in thin-walled structures is a common joint type in the fabrication of structural members in aerospace, aeronautical and pressure vessel industries. This type of weld joint suffers various types of weld-induced residual stress fields (hoop and axial) and deformation patterns (axial shrinkage, radial shrinkage). These imperfections have negative effects on fabrication accuracies and result in low strength welded structures that can lead to premature failures. To precisely capture the distortions and residual stresses, computational methodology based on three-dimensional finite element model for the simulation of gas tungsten arc welding in thin-walled cylinders is presented. Butt-weld geometry with single "V" for a 300 mm outer diameter cylinder of 3 mm thick is used. The complex phenomenon of arc welding is numerically solved by sequentially coupled transient, non-linear thermo-mechanical analysis. The accuracy of both the thermal and structural models is validated through experiments for temperature distribution, residual stresses and distortion. The simulated result shows close correlation with the experimental measurements.

Adsorption Kinetics of Acid Red on Activated Carbon Web Prepared from Acrylic Fibrous Waste

M. Salman Naeem,Saima Javed,Vijay Baheti,Jakub Wiener,M. Usman Javed,Syed Zameer Ul Hassan,Adnan Mazari,Jawad Naeem 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.1

In this work, activated carbon (AC) web was prepared using physical activation under the layer of charcoal in high temperature furnace. The carbonization of acrylic fibrous waste was performed at different temperatures (800 ℃, 1000 ℃, and 1200 ℃) with heating rate of 300 oC/h and at different holding time. At 1200 ℃, the heating rate of 300 ℃/h and no holding time provided better results of surface area as compared to carbonization at 800 ℃ and 1000 ℃. The activated carbonweb (AC) prepared at 1200 oC was used for removal of Acid Red 27 dye from aqueous media by varying different parameters like initial concentration of dye, stirring speed, adsorbent dosage, and pH. The results were evaluated using non-linear forms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm was found to describe the results more effectively because of non-homogenous surface of activated carbon web. Further, the kinetics of adsorption was examined using linear and nonlinearforms of pseudo 1st order and pseudo 2nd order.

Heavy Metal Leaching, CO₂ Uptake and Mechanical Characteristics of Carbonated Porous Concrete with Alkali-Activated Slag and Bottom Ash

G. M. Kim,J. G. Jang,Faizan Naeem,H. K. Lee 한국콘크리트학회 2015 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.9 No.3

In the present study, a porous concrete with alkali activated slag (AAS) and coal bottom ash was developed and the effect of carbonation on the physical property, microstructural characteristic, and heavy metal leaching behavior of the porous concrete were investigated. Independent variables, such as the type of the alkali activator and binder, the amount of paste, and CO₂ concentration, were considered. The experimental test results showed that the measured void ratio and compressive strength of the carbonated porous concrete exceeded minimum level stated in ACI 522 for general porous concrete. A new quantitative TG analysis for evaluating CO₂ uptake in AAS was proposed, and the result showed that the CO₂ uptake in AAS paste was approximately twice as high as that in OPC paste. The leached concentrations of heavy metals from carbonated porous concrete were below the relevant environmental criteria.

SERO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF BRUCELLOSIS AMONG GOATS AND SHEEP AT PESHAWAR DISTRICT

Ghani, M.,Siraj, M.,Zeb, A.,Naeem, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1995 Animal Bioscience Vol.8 No.5

Sero-epidemiological study was carried out to observe the prevalence of brucellosis in 500 slaughtered as well as in 500 healthy animals in Peshawar district of N.W.F.P. All serum samples were subjected to four serological tests i.e. Standard Plate Test (SPT), Standard Tube Test (STT), Rivanol Test (RV) and 2, Mercapto-Ethanol Test (2, ME). The incidence of disease in 500 healthy animals tested by standard plate test, standard tube test, rivanol test and 2, Mercapto-ethanol test, was 2.8%, 1.8%, 1.6% and 1.2% respectively. While the incidence of brucellosis in 500 slaughter animals from Peshawar abattoir was 3.0%, 2.2%, 2.00% and 1.2% by standard plate test, standard tube test, rivanol test and 2, Mercapto-ethanol test The disease prevalence was higher in slaughtered animals as compared to healthy animals. The disease was more common in goats than sheep, also more prevalence in aged female than younger stocks. The efficacy of SPT was found more effective as compared to STT, RV, and 2, ME tests both in slaughtered as well as apparently healthy animals at Peshawar district. Standard Plate test detected 2.9%, Standard Tube test 2.0%, Rivanol test 1.8% and 2, Mercapto-ethanol test detected 1.2% positive cases in slaughtered as well as in healthy animals. So the Standard Plate Test was found to be more reliable, sensitive, and easy to performed.

Augmentation of Photosynthesis, Crop Productivity, Enzyme Activities and Alkaloids Production in Sadabahar (Catharanthus roseus L.) through Application of Diverse Plant Growth Regulators

Masidur Alam, M.,Naeem, M.,Idrees, M.,Khan, M. Masroor A.,Moinuddin, Moinuddin 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.2

Exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) has vital impact on the growth and productivity of plants. Foliar application of selected PGRs, viz. indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), thidiazuron (TDZ), gibberellic acid ($GA_3$), salicylic acid (SA), homobrassinosteroids (HBR), and triacontanol (TRIA), were carried out in order to assess the effects on growth of two cultivars (Rosea and Alba) of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don. The Rosea and Alba plants were sprayed with PGRs ($10^{-7}$ M) at 60 days after planting (DAP). Shoot and root lengths, plant fresh and dry weights, leaf-area index, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content, net photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activities, and leaf essential nutrients (N, P, and K) were analyzed at 150 DAP while yield attributes and total alkaloids of leaves and roots, contents of vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids were measured at 210 DAP. The results showed that HBR significantly improved most of the growth attributes. Application of HBR, KIN, and $GA_3$ resulted in the ameliorative effects on plant productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters as compared to the unsprayed (control) plants. The effect of TDZ was not significantly different than the control plants. $GA_3$ application significantly increased the vincristine content (7.3%) while TDZ exhibited reduced vincristine content. The effect of other PGR was insignificant towards vincristine and vinblastine contents. The response of Rosea toward exogenous PGRs application was better than Alba in terms of crop productivity, physiological and biochemical parameters, and alkaloid production.

Effect of EOG Signal Filtering on the Removal of Ocular Artifacts and EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface: A Comprehensive Study

Mannan, Malik M. Naeem,Kamran, M. Ahmad,Kang, Shinil,Jeong, Myung Yung Hindawi Limited 2018 Complexity Vol.2018 No.-

<P>It is a fact that contamination of EEG by ocular artifacts reduces the classification accuracy of a brain-computer interface (BCI) and diagnosis of brain diseases in clinical research. Therefore, for BCI and clinical applications, it is very important to remove/reduce these artifacts before EEG signal analysis. Although, EOG-based methods are simple and fast for removing artifacts but their performance, meanwhile, is highly affected by the bidirectional contamination process. Some studies emphasized that the solution to this problem is low-pass filtering EOG signals before using them in artifact removal algorithm but there is still no evidence on the optimal low-pass frequency limits of EOG signals. In this study, we investigated the optimal EOG signal filtering limits using state-of-the-art artifact removal techniques with fifteen artificially contaminated EEG and EOG datasets. In this comprehensive analysis, unfiltered and twelve different low-pass filtering of EOG signals were used with five different algorithms, namely, simple regression, least mean squares, recursive least squares, REGICA, and AIR. Results from statistical testing of time and frequency domain metrics suggested that a low-pass frequency between 6 and 8 Hz could be used as the most optimal filtering frequency of EOG signals, both to maximally overcome/minimize the effect of bidirectional contamination and to achieve good results from artifact removal algorithms. Furthermore, we also used BCI competition IV datasets to show the efficacy of the proposed framework on real EEG signals. The motor-imagery-based BCI achieved statistically significant high-classification accuracies when artifacts from EEG were removed by using 7 Hz low-pass filtering as compared to all other filterings of EOG signals. These results also validated our hypothesis that low-pass filtering should be applied to EOG signals for enhancing the performance of each algorithm before using them for artifact removal process. Moreover, the comparison results indicated that the hybrid algorithms outperformed the performance of single algorithms for both simulated and experimental EEG datasets.</P>

Proton-Conducting Polymers Derived from Radiation Grafting and Sulphonation of Poly(tetraflouroethylene-perflourovinyl ether) Film with Three Rare-Earth Elements

Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy,Ahmed M. Elbarbary,Naeem M. El-Sawy,Hany M. Hosni 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.9

Progress in the area of proton conducting polymer electrolyte membranes is closely with the enhancing of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Fluorinated polymers, e.g. poly(tetraflouroethylene-perflourovinyl ether) (PFA) film is largely driven by their thermal properties. In this article PFA film was developments to be suitable as proton conducting polymer electrolyte membranes. The grafting of acrylic acid (80%) onto the PFA film achieved by irradiation techniques and PFA-COOH was obtained. In addition, to synthesis of completely a new protonconducting sulfonated polymer ionomers this could be acheived by sequences of chemical modification steps. PFA-COOH has been anilination and sulfonated to a sufficient ionomers formation and complexion with the three rare-earth elements (Li, Cs, and Sr). After that the obtained PFA-CO-NH-ph-SO3M contains a sufficient equilibrium concentration of protons in a wet atmosphere to show useful proton conduction at ambient temperatures. The sulfonated polymers containing 63mol% sulfonic acid, and characterized by FTIR-ATR and SEM The results show that PFACO- NH-ph-SO3M wet film showed a high proton-conductivity in water (10-3 Scm-1) rather than methanol (10-6 Scm-1) in order Li+> Sr++>Cs+. This approach has interesting potential for smart thin film materials and offers also the possibility to be used in sensors and fuel cells provided that the electrolyte film thickness is in the micrometre range.

Seismic performance evaluation of a structure retrofitted using steel slit dampers with shape memory alloy bars

Naeem, A.,Eldin, M. N.,Kim, J.,Kim, J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.4