韓愈와 柳宗元의 작문 경쟁

羅聯添(Lian-Tian Luo),金智英(번역자) 중국어문논역학회 2017 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.41

본고는 羅联添이 1992년에 발표한 <論韓愈古文幾個問題>의 제4장 “韓愈와 柳宗元이 고문으로 서로 경쟁함(韓柳爲文相角)” 부분을 번역한 것이다. 한유와 유종원의 글이 유사하다거나 경쟁적이라는 견해는 예전부터 있어왔다. 이런 주장은 송대의 羅大經, 명대의 孫礦, 청대의 林云銘, 근대의 錢基博이 제기한 바 있다. 필자는 한유와 유종원의 작문 경쟁에 대한 이전의 정황을 검토하고, 이전에 언급되지 않았던 다른 작품들을 예로 들어 한유와 유종원의 글쓰기에 확실히 경쟁심리가 있었음을 증명하였다. 즉 한유와 유종원의 작품 가운데 서로의 작품을 의식하면서 경쟁적으로 쓴 29조의 작품을 예로 들며, 창작 연대와 주요 내용을 설명하고 그 증거를 제시하였다. 경쟁했던 작품을 종합해 보니 두 사람의 작품 중 시기를 확정할 수 있는 작품 가운데 한유가 유종원 보다 앞서 지은 작품이 월등히 많았다. 이로써 유종원이 고문 창작에 있어 한유와 경쟁하려는 의도가 많았고, 한유가 유종원과 경쟁하려 한 것은 적었음을 알 수 있다. 이 점은 또한 한유가 고문 창작에서 주도적인 지위를 차지하고 있었음을 분명히 보여준다. 후인들이 한유를 당송고문운동의 으뜸으로 추앙하는 데에는 그만한 까닭이 있는 것이다. This paper is a translation of Han-Yu and Liu Zong-yuan’s writing competition in Chapter 4 of Luo Lian-tian’s <論韓愈古文的幾個問題>. The view that Han-Yu and Liu Zong-yuan’s writings are similar or competitive has been around for a long time. These claims were made by Luo Da-jing of Song Dynasty, Sun-Kuang of Ming Dynasty, Lin Yun-ming of Qing Dynasty, and Qian Ji-bo of modern times. I reviewed the previous context of Han-Yu and Liu Zong-yuan’s writing competition and proved that there was a clear competition in their writings by taking other works not mentioned before. I took examples the twenty - nine articles which compete with each other while conscious of their works among the works of Han-Yu and Liu Zong-yuan, in a chronological order Among the works that we can confirm the timing of the works of two people, Han-Yu had much more works than Liu Zong-yuan. This shows that Liu Zong-yuan intends to compete with Han-Yu for the Composition of the ancient writing, and that Han-Yu did not try to compete with Liu Zong-yuan. This also clearly shows that Han-Yu was in a leading position in the Composition of the ancient writing. There is a clear reason why the posterity pay reverence to Han-Yu as the forerunner of the Composition of the ancient writing movement.

Rethinking Retranslation Hypothesis : with Specific Reference to English-Chinese Military Classics

Tian LUO 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2019 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.07

Retranslation is a rather complex issue that has become an interesting subject of research in recent years. Topics such as motives of retranslation, retranslation hypothesis, and approaches to analyzing retranslations are generating controversial debates among scholars. Current studies on retranslation, though insightful and fruitful, is still limited within isolated cases, fragmentary and far from satisfactory. This study aims to investigate the theoretical issues of Retranslation Hypothesis (RH), an argument formulated first by Berman (1990), Bensimon (1990) and later expanded by Gambier (1994) and Chesterman (2000). The main argument of RH is that initial translations are always lacking, flawed and targetoriented, while later retranslations are more accurate and closer to the original, and source- oriented. RH has been proven by some scholars, but challenged by others. Consequently, the existing RH seems unsuccessful in generalizing the driving force behind the diverse activities behind retranslations. The RH initiated by Berman (1990) and the subsequent discussions about retranslation focuses on the lacking, deficiency or flaw of the initial translation. In my opinion, however, a new perspective to examine the universal assumption about retranslation can be rewarding. We need a turn to the merit, goodness and the value of retranslation, which may generate a new version of RH. The new RH proposed draws on the value analysis or value engineering in economics. In further details, a framework is suggested to explain the motives and functions of retranslations by drawing on theories and concepts from disciplines of linguistics, sociology and economics. This study address retranslation of classics with specific reference to English and Chinese military texts. A set of corpora will be established consisting of source texts, initial translations and retranslations of Sun Tzu’s The Art of War, Alfred Mahan’s sea power series, and Mao Tsetung’s On Guerrilla Warfare. The study is expected to reveal how retranslations contribute to the worldwide canonization of local or national military classics. It is hoped to shed some new light on the role of (re)translations in the communication between eastern and western strategic culture.

The effect of Glomus intraradices on the physiological properties of Panax ginseng and on rhizospheric microbial diversity

Tian, Lei,Shi, Shaohua,Ma, Lina,Zhou, Xue,Luo, Shasha,Zhang, Jianfeng,Lu, Baohui,Tian, Chunjie The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Glomus intraradices is a species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that, as an obligate endomycorrhiza, can form mutually beneficial associations with plants. Panax ginseng is a popular traditional Chinese medicine; however, problems associated with ginseng planting, such as pesticide residues, reduce the ginseng quality. Methods: In this experiment, we studied the effect of inoculating G. intraradices on several physiological properties and microbial communities of ginseng. UV-Visible Spectrum method was used to detect physical properties. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis method was used to analyze microbial communities. Results: The results indicated that inoculation with G. intraradices can improve the colonization rate of lateral ginseng roots, increase the levels of monomeric and total ginsenosides, and improve root activity as well as polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities. We also studied the bacterial and fungal communities in ginseng rhizospheric soil. In our study, G. intraradices inoculation improved the abundance and Shannon diversity of bacteria, whereas fungi showed a reciprocal effect. Furthermore, we found that G. intraradices inoculation might increase some beneficial bacterial species and decreased pathogenic fungi in rhizospheric soil of ginseng. Conclusion: Our results showed that G. intraradices can benefit ginseng planting which may have some instructive and practical significance for planting ginseng in farmland.

Efficient adsorption on Cr(VI) and electrochemical application of N, P co-doped carbon spheres

Luo Tian,Xing Xianjun,Zhang Xuefei,Yue Wang,Ma Xiufen 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.12

A nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon sphere was synthesized and prepared by a two-step hydrothermal activation pyrolysis method using agricultural materials, in which forestry waste walnut shells, urea, and phosphoric acid were used as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources, respectively, for the efficient treatment of heavy metals Cr(VI) in wastewater. On this basis, a supercapacitor with high capacitive performance was investigated. The adsorption capacity of the N, P co-doped carbon sphere (N2PC) was optimal for Cr(VI), and the abundant functional groups on the surface of the carbon spheres significantly promoted the adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI). The adsorption capacity of the carbon material was up to 100.55 mg/g at 318 K, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model were used to describe the adsorption process. Before and after adsorption, the material was applied to the electrode material of the supercapacitor, and the capacitive performance of the adsorbed material was satisfactory as well as with excellent cycling stability which 93% capacity retention even after 5000 cycles.

Systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on Clinical Indexes of Hyperlipidemia

Hao-Tian Luo,Man-Yu Xiao,Wen-Jing Pei,Kang-Le Bi,Peng Xie,Yu-Long Gu,Xiang-Lan Piao 한국생약학회 2023 Natural Product Sciences Vol.29 No.4

The system of car license plate number auto-recognizing and its applications

Fu, Luo Tian 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The system of car license plate number auto-recognizing is consist of camera, video card, car detector, data collecting card, computer and car license plate number auto-recognizing software. The car detector detects the car, when the car is presenting; it outputs a voltage signal. The data collection card collects the output signal of the detector, and sends the signal to the computer. The video card displays the image of from the camera on the monitor, and takes a snap of car image when car is presenting. The software recognizes the car license plate number automatically, and sends the car license plate number to other applications. This system applies the technology of remote sensing, image processing, artificial intelligent. This system can be used on the monitoring of car entering and exiting park, finding out illegal car on road, police checking car on road, the charging system of road and bridges. The system's performance: recognizing time period less than 2 seconds; recognizing reliability over 98%; car speed limit is l0km/h.

The effect of Glomus intraradices on the physiological properties of Panax ginseng and on rhizospheric microbial diversity

Lei Tian,Shaohua Shi,Lina Ma,Xue Zhou,Shasha Luo,Jianfeng Zhang,Baohui Lu,Chunjie Tian 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Glomus intraradices is a species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that, as an obligate endomycorrhiza, can form mutually beneficial associations with plants. Panax ginseng is a popular traditional Chinese medicine; however, problems associated with ginseng planting, such as pesticide residues, reduce the ginseng quality. Methods: In this experiment, we studied the effect of inoculating G. intraradices on several physiological properties and microbial communities of ginseng. UV-Visible Spectrum method was used to detect physical properties. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis method was used to analyze microbial communities. Results: The results indicated that inoculation with G. intraradices can improve the colonization rate of lateral ginseng roots, increase the levels of monomeric and total ginsenosides, and improve root activity as well as polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities. We also studied the bacterial and fungal communities in ginseng rhizospheric soil. In our study, G. intraradices inoculation improved the abundance and Shannon diversity of bacteria, whereas fungi showed a reciprocal effect. Furthermore, we found that G. intraradices inoculation might increase some beneficial bacterial species and decreased pathogenic fungi in rhizospheric soil of ginseng. Conclusion: Our results showed that G. intraradices can benefit ginseng planting which may have some instructive and practical significance for planting ginseng in farmland.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population

Luo, Ting,Chen, Long,He, Ping,Hu, Qian-Cheng,Zhong, Xiao-Rong,Sun, Yu,Yang, Yuan-Fu,Tian, Ting-Lun,Zheng, Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis and thereby involved in the development and progression of solid tumours. Associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms (-634 G/C, +936 C/T, and +1612 G/A) and breast cancer risk have been extensively studied, but the currently available results are inconclusive. Our aim was to investigate associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk in Chinese Han patients. We performed a hospital-based case-control study including 680 female incident breast cancer patients and 680 female age-matched healthy control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed to detect the three VEGF gene polymorphisms. We observed that women carriers of +936 TT genotypes [odds ratio (OR) =0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28, 0.76; P=0.002] or 936 T-allele (OR=0.81, 95% CI= 0.68, 0.98; P=0.03) had a protective effect concerning the disease. Our study suggested that the +1612G/A polymorphism was unlikely to be associated with breast cancer risk. The -634CC genotype was significantly associated with high tumor aggressiveness [large tumor size (OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.15, 6.02; P=0.02) and high histologic grade (OR=1.47, 95% CI= 1.06, 2.03; P=0.02)]. The genotypes were not related with other tumor characteristics such as regional or distant metastasis, stage at diagnosis, or estrogen or progesterone receptor status. Our study revealed that the VEGF -634 G/C and +936 C/T gene polymorphisms may be associated with breast cancer in Chinese Han patients.

Genotoxicity and effect on early stage proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells on amino-group functionalized titanium implant surface: an in vitro test

Tian-qi Guo,Yi-di Zhang,Wen-jing Luo,Xue Li,Yan-min Zhou,Jing-hui Zhao,Jing-hui Zhao 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2016 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.12 No.2

Genotoxicity and effect on early stage proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells of titanium surfaces modified by heptylamine functionalization through Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) were evaluated in current study. Mouse embryo osteoprogenitor MC3T3-E1 cells were grown on titanium surfaces of all the groups. The CCK-8 assay showed the growths of MC3T3-E1 cells on treated titanium disks were not inhibited compared with those on pure titanium groups. Result of Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) test indicated the treated groups showed no significant differences in tail length, tail DNA%, and tail moment compared with pure titanium group. Rate of micronucleus, nucleoplamic buds and nuclear blebs showed no significant differences between treated groups and pure titanium group. Our research exhibited that: The amino-group functionalized titanium surface has neither genotoxicity nor detrimental effects on early-stage proliferation towards osteoprogenitor cells in vitro, thus offer a theoretic support for the clinical use of such functionalized titanium as implant surface.

Effects of Input Harmonics, DC Offset and Step Changes of the Fundamental Component on Single-Phase EPLL and Elimination

Luo, Linsong,Tian, Huixin,Wu, Fengjiang The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.4

In this paper, the expressions of the estimated information of a single-phase enhanced phase-locked loop (EPLL), when input signal contains harmonics and a DC offset while the fundamental component takes step changes, are derived. The theoretical analysis results indicate that in the estimated information, the n^th-order harmonics cause n+1^th-order periodic ripples, and the DC offset causes a periodic ripple at the fundamental frequency. Step changes of the amplitude, phase angle and frequency of the fundamental component cause a transient periodic ripple at twice the frequency. These periodic ripples deteriorate the performance of the EPLL. A hybrid filter based EPLL (HF-EPLL) is proposed to eliminate these periodic ripples. A delay signal cancellation filter is set at the input of the EPLL to cancel the DC offset and even-order harmonics. A sliding Goertzel transform-based filter is introduced into the amplitude estimation loop and frequency estimation loop to eliminate the periodic ripples caused by the residual input odd-order harmonics and step change of the input fundamental component. The parameter design rules of the two filters are discussed in detail. Experimental waveforms of both the conventional EPLL and the proposed HF-EPLL are given and compared with each other to verify the theoretical analysis and advantages of the proposed HF-EPLL.