Rapid Identification and Characterization of Antioxidants from Ligularia fischeri

Xiang-Lan Piao,Xiao-Yuan Mi,Yan-Ze Tian,Qian Wu,Hui-Shan Piao,Zhikai Zeng,Xiangshu Piao,Ding Wang 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.12

The objectives of this study were to investigate the radical-scavenging activity of Ligularia fischeri on oxidative damage by the radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and to rapidly identify the active components using the bioassay-linked fractionation method. The MeOH extract and fractions of CH2Cl2, BuOH, and H2O from L. fischeri showed DPPH radical-scavenging effects in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). In particular, the BuOH fraction had the most effective (p < 0.05) antioxidative capacity. The active constituents from the BuOH fraction of L. fischeri were rapidly isolated by bioassay-linked HPLC method and identified as hyperoside and 2''-acetylhyperoside with potent antioxidant effects against the DPPH radical, with IC50 values of 1.31 and 7.09 μg/mL, respectively. They have not been reported from L. fischeri yet.

Dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum show fortified activity against A549 cells

Xiang-Lan Piao,Qian Wu,박서영,Dao-Jin Chen,Huimin Liu,Jing Yang 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.7

An ethanol extract from heat-processedGynostemma pentaphyllum showed more potent cytotoxicactivity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cellsthan that of raw G. pentaphyllum. Four constituents wereisolated from heat-processed G. pentaphyllum using resinHP-20, silica gel and reversed ODS column chromatography. They were identified by mass and NMR spectra asdamulin A and damulin B, gypenoside L and gypenosideLI, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of these fourconstituents, the MTT cytotoxicity assay was performedusing A549 cells. Based on the structure of these fourconstituents, the results indicate that the hydroxyl group inC-2 and double bond in C20(21) and C20(22) positions areof importance in inhibition of A549 cell proliferation.

중국에서의 朴趾源 연구 현황과 전망

PIAO XIANG LAN(朴香蘭) 한국문학회 2016 韓國文學論叢 Vol.73 No.-

70년대부터 시작된 중국학계의 박지원연구도 어언 40년이 다 되어간다. 박지원 연구는 이제 한국학연구자뿐이 아니라 중국문학연구자들에게도 낯설지 않은 과제가 되었다. 본 고에서는 중국학계의 박지원연구사를 자세히 검토하고 새로운 연구방향과 전망에 대해 논의해 보았다. 중국학계에서의 박지원에 대한 관심은 한국의 경우와는 다르다. 박지원의 연구초기부터 중국학계에서는 『열하일기』가 실학자들의 삶과 사상을 가장 첨예하게 보여주는 대표 저술이라는 입장을 지속하면서 연행록문헌군의 실체가 구체화됨에 따라서 『열하일기』를 ‘여행문학’, ‘기행문학’, ‘여행자문학론’ 등의 입장에서 알맞은 문학적 접근 방법론을 모색하고 중국의 실상을 탐색하였던 것이다. 하지만 소설이나 산문연구도 특정작품에 치중되어, 청대의 소설과 박지원의 소설 비교연구라든지, 경향이 비슷한 작가와의 비교연구, 그리고 구체적 역사적 규명문제도 극히 드물다. 이제 한, 중, 일 세 나라의 문학을 일종의 수평적 비교의식 아래 함께 검토함으로써, 세 나라문학이 어떻게 근대성을 지향해 갔는지를 열린 마음으로 점검하는 새로운 시도가 필요하다. The research on Park Ji-won, started in 1970s, has been worked on for 40 years imperceptibly. Such research is not strange to Koreanology researchers as well as Chinese literature researchers. This essay investigated the history of Park Ji-won’s research among Chinese academia in detail, discussed the new direction and prospect of the research on Park Ji-won. The focus on Park Ji-won in China is quite different from that in Korea. Since the beginning of the research on Park Ji-won, the Yeolha Diary had been the representative work which sharply shows the living existence among Silhak scholars. With the reification of Yon-haeng-rok and relating references, lots of accessible methodologies were supplied for journey literature, travel description, tourists literature theories and so on from the Yeolha Diary, which shows the exploration of the living existence in China. However, regardless of novels or proses, researches are always focused on representative works. When it comes to the comparison between novels in Qing Dynasty and novels written by Park Ji-won, the comparison between Park Ji-won and similar writers, it’s quite hard to find some investigational problems and conclusions in detail. Now by the method of lateral thinking, this essay investigated the literature among Korea, China and Japan. How did those literature obtain modernity and which direction will it go to explore postmodernity All above shows the new attempt within an open mind is essential.

Estrogenic Activity of Furanocoumarins Isolated from Angelica dahurica

Xiang Lan Piao,유혜현,김현영,Tak Lim Kang,황귀서,박정일 대한약학회 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.9

In our efforts to discover novel phytoestrogens to treat menopausal symptoms, eleven furanocoumarins were isolated from Angelica dahurica and tested for their estrogenic activity on the Ishikawa cell line. Among the compounds tested, 9-hydroxy-4-methoxypsoralen and alloisoimperatorin showed strong abilities to induce alkaline phosphatase (AP) with EC50 values of 1.1 and 0.8 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the other nine furanocoumarins were weakly or only slightly active.

Estrogenic Activity of Furanocoumarins Isolated from Angelica dahurica

Piao, Xiang-Lan,Yoo, Hye-Hyun,Kim, Hyun-Young,Kang, Tak-Lim,Hwang, Gwi-Seo,Park, Jeong-Hill The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.9

In our efforts to discover novel phytoestrogens to treat menopausal symptoms, eleven furanocoumarins were isolated from Angelica dahurica and tested for their estrogenic activity on the Ishikawa cell line. Among the compounds tested, 9-hydroxy-4-methoxypsoralen and alloisoimperatorin showed strong abilities to induce alkaline phosphatase (AP) with $EC_{50}$ values of 1.1 and $0.8\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, whereas the other nine furanocoumarins were weakly or only slightly active.

Simultaneous Determination of Flavanone Glycosides in the Fruit of Citrus paradisi and C. grandis by HPLC-PDA

Xiang-Lan Piao,Qian Wu,한샘,김현영,이상현 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.4

An HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography)-PDA (photodiode array) detection method was established for the determination of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin in the fruit of Citrus paradisi and C. grandis. The flavonoids were separated in less than 20 min using an YMC RP 18 column with isocratic elution using acetonitrile and water (23 : 77, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, and a PDA detector. The levels of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were 1345.92, 950.62, and 2078.82 ?g/g, respectively, in the peel, and 102.43, 59.13, and 86.68 ?g/g, respectively, in the flesh of C. paradisi. In C. grandis, the levels of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were 3530.56, 80.00, and 5.26 ?g/g, respectively, in the peel, and 59.59, 7.43, and 38.41 ?g/g, respectively, in the flesh. The total content was highest in the peel, reaching 0.44% and 0.36% in C. paradisi and C. grandis, respectively, while the flesh contained only 0.025% and 0.011%, respectively. Therefore, the peels of C. paradisi and C. grandis are necessary for the processing and utilization of flavonoids.

문학적 구성을 통해 본 「건정동필담(乾淨동筆談)」의 의의(意義)

박향란 ( Xiang Lan Piao ) 東方漢文學會 2009 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.40

「乾淨동筆談」은 18세기 중, 한 지식인들의 사상과 변화를 고찰할 수 있는 소중한 자료이자 산문양식의 발전과 흐름을 파악할 수 있는 더없이 보귀한 문학텍스트이다. 필담은 작가만의 의도에 따른 소설에서의 대화와 달리 필담참석자들의 생각, 환경, 시간 등 여러 요소의 제한을 받게 되므로 필담만으로 독립된 작품을 이루려면 재치있는 구성방식이 필요하다. 「乾淨동筆談」은 일기체 작품의 통일성을 확보하기 위해서 필담 기록과 편지를 삽입하는 날짜를 아주 적합하게 설정하였다. 일기체 필담으로서 서신체도 삽입하고 序文과 結語까지 완벽히 갖춘 것은 사행문학에서 전례없는 독특한 구성방식이다. 담헌이 이런 방법을 차용했던 까닭은 언어와 풍속습관, 환경과 인물경력, 신분의 차이로 인해 독자들이 대화 내용과 표현 습관을 이해함에 있어 차이가 생길 수 있음을 충분히 고려했기 때문이다. 필담과 서신을 바탕으로 한 일기체 사행문학 「乾淨동筆談」의 탄생은 당시 지식인들이 소설체나 척독, 서발 등 소품체 산문에 대해 흥미를 느꼈던 문예적 분위기와 무관하지 않다. 「乾淨동筆談」의 문학적 성과는 문체적 변화뿐만 아니라 독립적 텍스트로서의 의도적인 구조와 형식에서도 그 진가를 발휘하고 있다. 우선 담헌이 설정한 문답형 구조는 문장을 간결하게 하는 동시 독자들에게 작품의 내용을 쉽게 전달하고 아울러 흥미를 불러 일으켜 현장감과 생동감을 살릴 수 있었다. 필담, 일기, 서신 등 복합적인 형식이 혼재하면서도 혼잡함을 피면할 수 있었던 것은 서언과 결어를 완벽히 갖춤과 동시에 필담과 서신을 규칙적으로 설정하였기 때문이다. 서언과 결어는 만남의 갈구로 시작되어 이별의 아픔으로 맺어져 완벽한 조응을 이루었을 뿐만 아니라 연행과 필담저술의 핵심적 의도를 담고 있어 작품의 사상성과 문학성을 동시에 성취하였다. 홍대용의 필담기록은 일기식으로 진행되었지만 더 이상 전기 사행문학처럼 평면적이고 설명적인 서술이 아니고 그 안에 구체적인 사건을 삽입하고 결과적으로 그 일화가 하나의 독립된 이야기로 발전할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 화제의 전개방식에 있어서도 유도, 우회, 복선, 암시 등 수 많은 장치를 도입하였는데 독립적 텍스트로서의 필담체에는 이러한 화제방식도 일종 표현수법을 넘어서서 작품의 구성을 이루는 핵심적 장치로 되었다. 이런 구성으로 하여 필담의 문학성을 한층 높일 수 있었을 뿐만 아니라 필담주체의 이해에도 도움이 될 수 있었고 독자로 하여금 흥미롭게 필담에 주목을 하도록 하였다. 따라서 정치, 경의, 성리, 역사 등 진지하고 무거운 내용을 담고 있으면서도 감정전달의 媒介로서의 서신을 삽입하여 따분함을 타파하고 독자들의 긴장감을 조절해 주었다. 담헌은 「燕記」를 작성함에 있어서 주제별로 구분하고 필담에 관한 기록은 참여인물에 따라 구별하는 특이한 방식을 택하였다. 하지만 사행문학의 특성을 살리기 위하여 주제별 내용의 구체기술에 있어서는 일기체를 택할 수밖에 없었다. 「乾淨동筆談」은 일기체 필담형식이 해결할 수 없었던 중복화제에 대하여 복선과 암시를 통해 독자들에게 재론을 예시해주어 혼잡함을 일정한 정도로 극복해주었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이런 폐단을 근본적으로 해결하기 어려웠는데 이는 중세사행문학의 양식적 전환과정에 나타나는 과도적 현상이라고 생각된다. Ganjeongdongpildam is not only an important data to study the thought and transformation of 18 century`s korean as well as chinese, but also a text for understanding development and the current of prose. The completion of foreword and conclusion and the regularity of writing and letter made the writing, letter, and diaries coexisted in Ganjeongdongpildam. The ideology and literature are well explained by the consistent of foreword and conclusion and intent comes from the author. Additionally, an induction, preparation, and suggestion have been introduced to the pildam to enhance the literature, which be interested to the readership. The nativity of Ganjeongdongpildam is consistent with a literary atmosphere that comes from novel, prose et all. In summary, also Ganjeongdongpildam adumbrate a rediscussion by preparation and suggestion, an evil based on repetition solves difficultly. The evil is transitional phenomenon passing phase in the transition of sahaeng literature.

Ginsenoside Rh2 attenuates microglial activation against toxoplasmic encephalitis via TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway

Xiang Xu,Lan Jin,Tong Jiang,Ying Lu,Fumie Aosai,Hu-Nan Piao,Guang-Hua Xu,Cheng-Hua Jin,Xue-Jun Jin,Juan Ma,Lian-Xun Piao 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.5

Background: Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is a characterized component in red ginseng widely used in Korea and China. GRh2 exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, its effects on Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection have not been clarified yet. Methods: The effect of GRh2 against T. gondii was assessed under in vitro and in vivo experiments. The BV2 cells were infected with tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain, and the effects of GRh2 were evaluated by MTT assay, morphological observations, immunofluorescence staining, a trypan blue exclusion assay, reverse transcription PCR, and Western blot analyses. The in vivo experiment was conducted with BALB/c mice inoculated with lethal amounts of tachyzoites with or without GRh2 treatment. Results and conclusion: The GRh2 treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of T. gondii under in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, GRh2 blocked the activation of microglia and specifically decreased the release of inflammatory mediators in response to T. gondii infection through TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. In mice, GRh2 conferred modest protection from a lethal dose of T. gondii. After the treatment, the proliferation of tachyzoites in the peritoneal cavity of infected mice markedly decreased. Moreover, GRh2 also significantly decreased the T. gondii burden in mouse brain tissues. These findings indicate that GRh2 exhibits an antieT. gondii effect and inhibits the microglial activation through TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway, providing the basic pharmacological basis for the development of new drugs to treat toxoplasmic encephalitis.

Ginsenoside Rh2 reduces depression in offspring of mice with maternal toxoplasma infection during pregnancy by inhibiting microglial activation via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway

Xiang Xu,Yu-Nan Lu,Jia-Hui Cheng,Hui-Wen Lan,Jing-Mei Lu,Guang-Nan Jin,Guang-Hua Xu,Cheng-Hua Jin,Juan Ma,Hu-Nan Piao,Xuejun Jin,Lian-Xun Piao 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.1

Background: Maternal Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during pregnancy has been associated with various mental illnesses in the offspring. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is a major bioactive compound obtained from ginseng that has an anti-T. gondii effect and attenuates microglial activation through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway. GRh2 also alleviated tumor-associated or lipopolysaccharide-induced depression. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of GRh2 on depression-like behavior in mouse offspring caused by maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy have not been investigated. Methods: We examined GRh2 effects on the depression-like behavior in mouse offspring, caused by maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy, by measuring depression-like behaviors and assaying parameters at the neuronal and molecular level. Results: We showed that GRh2 significantly improved behavioral measures: sucrose consumption, forced swim time and tail suspended immobility time of their offspring. These corresponded with increased tissue concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, and attenuated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase or enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the prefrontal cortex. GRh2 ameliorated neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex. Molecular docking results revealed that GRh2 binds strongly to both TLR4 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GRh2 ameliorated the depression-like behavior in mouse offspring of maternal T. gondii infection during pregnancy by attenuating the excessive activation of microglia and neuroinflammation through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. It suggests that GRh2 could be considered a potential therapy in preventing and treating psychiatric disorders in the offspring mice of mothers with prenatal exposure to T. gondii infection.

Chemotype Discrimination and Rapid Identification of Angelica Roots by DART-TOF-MS

김혜진,Xiang-Lan Piao,장영표 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.3

The Angelica root has been used as a medicinal herb in many Asian countries including Korea, China, and Japan. Angelica gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba have been considered as Angelicae radix in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese Pharmacopoeia, respectively. Since the origins of Angelicae radix differ from country to country, there is a need to develop an efficient analytical method to identify the origin of the Angelica root. In order to obtain chemical fingerprints, three different Angelicae Radices were analyzed by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Significantly different DART-MS spectra were observed from three different species of Angelicae Radix. Strong peaks of decursin or decusinol angelate, and its dimer were exclusively found from A. gigas. Ligustilide and linoleic acid were detected as the major component from A. acutiloba. The strongest ligustilide peak was observed from A. sinensis. DART-MS fingerprinting is a promising method for the rapid identification and/or quality control of Angelicae Radix.